Coaching:�Six Simple Machines

Coach Series

As defined by Renaissance scientists

Disclaimer: This private training is provided by the North Texas Region and is not affiliated or operated by the LEGO^® Group or by FIRST ^®. The LEGO Group^® and FIRST^® are not responsible for any of its activities.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Learning Objective

Identify the six types of simple machines and how they reduce force (effort) required to perform work.

• The principles of simple machines can be applied to attachment building.
• Less moving parts on an attachments reduces the number of items that can fail.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

History

The idea of a simple machine originated with the Greek philosopher Archimedes around the 3rd century BC, who studied the Archimedean simple machines: lever, pulley, and screw. He discovered the principle of mechanical advantage in the lever.

Later Greek philosophers defined the classic five simple machines (excluding the inclined plane) and were able to calculate their (ideal) mechanical advantage. For example, Heron of Alexandria (c. 10–75 AD) in his work Mechanics lists five mechanisms that can "set a load in motion.

During the Renaissance, the dynamics of the “mechanical powers”, as the simple machines were called, began to be studied from the standpoint of how far they�could lift a load, in addition to the force they could apply, leading eventually to�the new concept of mechanical work. In 1586 Flemish engineer Simon Stevin�derived the mechanical advantage of the inclined plane, and it was included with �the other simple machines.

The complete dynamic theory of simple machines was documented by Italian scientist Galileo Galilei in 1600 in Le Meccaniche (On Mechanics), in which he showed the underlying mathematical similarity of the machines as force amplifiers.

Galileo was the first to explain that simple machines do not create energy, only transform it.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Six Simple Machines

Lever

Wedge

Screw

Wheel and Axle

Inclined Plan

Pulley

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

What is a simple machine?

• A device with few or no moving parts that is used to modify motion and the effort required to perform work.
• They are the simplest mechanisms known that can use leverage or mechanical advantage to multiple the amount of the force.
• While simple machines may�magnify or reduce the effort that�required, they do not change�the total amount of work needed�to perform the overall task.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Mechanical advantage

• Simple machines can either change the direction the effort (force) is applied or increase the mechanical advantage by doing the same amount of work over a longer distance which decreases the amount of force needed.
• Mechanical advantage is a way of measuring how much easier it is to do work or how much less force is required. Written as a formula:

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Engineering Design Process

❶Identify (Ask)

• What is my design supposed to do?
• How will I test my design?
• How will I know it is doing what I want?
• What could keep me from making it do that?

❸Create

• Select one potential solution.
• Create a prototype.
• Test the prototype and record the results.

❺Communicate

• How would I share my idea with others?

❷Design (Imagine)

• Apply knowledge and creativity to brainstorm ideas.
• Plan ideas with sketches, diagrams, drawings, and notes.

❹Iterate (Improve)

• Analyze design and test results.
• What change would make the biggest impact on meeting the goal?

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever

Effort (or force) applied to a lever on one end results in motion on the other end. A lever moves around the pivot point (or fulcrum) to increase or decrease mechanical advantage. There are three classes of levers.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever – First Class

First Class levers have the fulcrum between the effort and the load. Common examples are seesaw, pliers, crowbar or scissors.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever – Second Class

Second Class levers have the fulcrum at the opposite end of the effort with the load between the effort and the fulcrum. Common examples are wheelbarrows, nutcracker, or bottle opener.

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FULCRUM

LOAD

EFFORT

LOAD

FULCRUM

EFFORT

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever – Third Class

Third Class levers have the fulcrum at the opposite end of the load with the effort between the load and the fulcrum. Common examples are a broom and tweezers.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Exercise Overview

• Create a lever simple machine prototype following the build instructions.
• Test lever prototype:
• Use the lever to raise the load�observing the effort required.
• Switch the load to the end closet to�the fulcrum.
• Use the lever to raise the load�observing the effort required.
• Analyze: Compare your observation�of the effort required in each test.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Build Instructions

1. Connect three 15M beams using three 3M blue friction pegs. On 3M blue friction peg in the hole 2, one in hole 9 and one in the hole 14 of the 15M beams.
2. Repeat the step making a�second set of three�15M beams.

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X2

14

9

2

15M BEAM

3M BLUE�FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Build Instructions

3. On one set of the three 15M beams, insert two 2M black friction pegs in holes 5 and 7.
4. Connect 3 x 5 90° angled beam�on the 2M black friction pegs.
5. Repeat the steps 4 and 5on the�opposite side of the 15M�beam assembly.

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5

7

3X5 90° ANGLED

BEAM

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Build Instructions

6. Align the second set of 15M beams hole 5 with the top hole of the 3 x 5 90° angled beams.
7. Insert a 3M tan non-friction�peg from each side.

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15M BEAMS (3)

3M TAN�NON-FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Build Instructions

8. Insert a 2M black friction peg in hole 13 of the 15M beam set.
9. Insert a 2M black friction peg in hole15 of the 15M beam set.
10. Connect a Technic caster on the 2M black friction pegs.
11. Repeat the steps on the opposite side of the 15M beam set.

13

15

TECHNIC CASTER

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Alternative Weight

2M BLUE AXLE TO�PEG CONNECTOR WITH FRICTION

8. Insert a 2M blue axle to peg connector with friction in hole 15 of the 15M beam set.
9. Connect a wheel rim and on the 2M blue axle to peg connector with friction peg.
10. Repeat the previous 2 steps on the opposite side of the 15M beam set.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Test 1 – Class 1 Lever

• Apply the effort to the lever end opposite the load observing the effort required to lift the load.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Test 2 – Class 1 Lever

• Change load to end closest to the fulcrum.
• Apply the effort to the lever end opposite the load observing the effort required to lift the load.
• What difference do you observe?

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Test 3 – Class 2 Lever

• Move the lever to have the fulcrum at the end
• Move the load between the fulcrum and effort.
• Apply upward effort to the lever end opposite the fulcrum observing the effort required to lift the load.

EFFORT

FULCRUM

LOAD

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge

• A device that changes the direction of an effort.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Inclined Plane

• Raises objects by moving them up a slope.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge and inclined plane definitions

• An inclined plane is a flat surface tilted at an angle to the horizontal. It allows for the movement of objects across a distance by reducing the effort needed to lift them. It works by spreading the effort over a longer distance, thus decreasing the effort required in the direction of the slope.
• A wedge is essentially two inclined planes joined together creating a sharp angle. It is used to exert a force that spreads out to the sides, which can be used to split, separate, or secure objects. The effort is applied to the vertical edge (height) of the wedge, and it moves with the object it is being used on.

https://youtu.be/wPNId04psTs

Inclined Plane (Right Triangle)

Wedge (Isosceles Triangle)

EFFORT

EFFORT

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge and inclined plane differences

• An inclined plane is stationary, and the object moves along it.
• A wedge moves either with or against the object.
• The effort applied to an inclined plane is parallel to the slope.
• The effort applied to a wedge is to one edge.

https://youtu.be/wPNId04psTs

Inclined Plane (Right Triangle)

Wedge (Isosceles Triangle)

EFFORT

EFFORT

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Exercise Overview

• Create the wedge simple machine prototype �following the build instructions.
• Build the wedge test platform.
• Test the wedge simple machine prototype:
• Slide the wedge long side along the test platform�to raise the bar observing the effort required�and the speed that bar raises.
• Slide the wedge short side along the�test platform to raise the bar�observing the effort required and�speed that the bar raises.
• Analyze: Compare your observation�of the effort required and speed in each case.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Prototype Build Instructions

1. Using two 3M blue friction pegs, connect a 7M beam to an 11M beam overlapping 3 holes.
2. At the opposite end, using a 3M blue friction peg, connect a 9M beam to the 11M beam.
3. Connect a second 11M beam aligning it with the other 11M beam.
4. Insert a 3M blue friction peg in the first hole of the�7M beam.
5. Insert a 3M blue friction�peg in the last hole of�the 9M beam.

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9M BEAM

11M BEAM

7M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Prototype Build Instructions

6. Connect a 15M beam to the 3M blue friction peg of the 7M beam.

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

7M BEAM

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Prototype Build Instructions

7. Rotate the 9M beam to the 15M beam connecting with the 3M blue friction peg.

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

9M BEAM

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Prototype Build Instructions

8. Align a second 15M beam and connect to the two 3M blue friction pegs.

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build

• Build the wedge test platform.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build Instructions

1. Using two 3M blue friction pegs in the second and fourteenth holes, connect three 15M beams together.
2. Insert two 2M black friction pegs in the fourth and thirteen holes on both sides of the three-beam structure.

15M BEAMS (3)

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build Instructions

3. Connect two 15M beams, to the 2M black friction pegs on each side of the three 15M beam assembly.
4. Insert two 3M blue friction pegs with the ridge in holes 2 and 3 on both sides of the 15M beam assembly.

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEGS

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEGS

3

2

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build Instructions

5. Connect a 3M beam on the team 3M blue friction connectors on each side of the 15M beam assembly.
6. On the two 3M blue friction pegs connect a cross block 1 x 3 with the axle hole aligned with the first hole.

AXLE HOLE

CROSS BLOCK 1 x 3

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build Instructions

7. Insert a 2M red axle with notch in the 1 x 3 cross block on each side.
8. Connect an axle connector to each 2M red axle.
9. Connect a 10M axle to each axle connector.

10M AXLE

AXLE

CONNECTOR

2M RED AXLE

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Build Instructions

10. Insert 7M axle into a #1 axle to�peg connector.
11. On opposite end of the 7M axle connect a second #1 axle to peg connector.
12. Slide assembly on the two vertical 10M axles.

#1 AXLE TO PEG

CONNECTOR

7M AXLE

STEP 11

10M AXLE

STEP 12

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test 1

1. Place wedge prototype with the long edge toward the wedge test platform bar.
2. Slide the wedge prototype�under the bar of the wedge�test platform observing the effort required and results.

WEDGE PROTOTYPE

WEDGE TEST PLATFORM

EFFORT

WEDGE LONG EDGE

TEST PLATFORM BAR

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test 2

1. Place wedge prototype with the short edge on the wedge toward the wedge test platform bar.
2. Slide the wedge prototype�under the bar of the wedge�test platform observing the effort required and results.

WEDGE PROTOTYPE

WEDGE TEST PLATFORM

EFFORT

WEDGE SHORT EDGE

TEST PLATFORM BAR

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Application

2024 FLL-C Submerged

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and axle

• A wheel and axle transfer the weight of the load and reduce friction. The wheel and axle rotates at the same speed, but due to the bigger circumference of the wheel, the surface of the wheel turns at a greater speed and travels a greater distance.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Exercise

• Create wheel and axle simple machine prototype following the build instructions.
• Test the wheel and axle simple machine:
• Slide load across the table surface, Observing the effort required to move the load across the surface.
• Please load on model.
• Push model across surface,�observing the effort required.
• Analyze: Compare your�observations of the effort�required in each case.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

1. Insert a 3M blue friction peg in the fifth hole of a 15M beam.
2. Insert a 3M blue friction peg in the eleventh hole of a 15M beam.

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

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5

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

3. Connect a second15M beams using the 3M blue friction pegs.
4. Connect a third15M beams using the�3M blue friction pegs.

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15M BEAM

15M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

5. On each side of the 15M beam assembly, insert a 2M black friction peg in the first, third, thirteenth, and fifteenth holes.

3M BLACK FRICTION PEG2

3

1

15

13

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

6. Connect a 3M beam on each set of the 2M black friction pegs.

3M BEAM

3M BEAM

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

3M BEAM

3M BEAM

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

7. Insert a 7M axle in the fourteenth hole through the beam assembly.
8. Connect a ½ bushing on each side of the 7M axle.
9. Insert a 7M axle in the second hole through the�beam assembly.
10. Connect a ½ bushing on�each side of the 7M axle.

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½ BUSHING

7M AXLE

7M AXLE

½ BUSHING

½ BUSHING

½ BUSHING

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2

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Build

11. Connect a wedge belt wheel on each end of the two 7M axles.

WEDGE BELT WHEEL

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight Build

1. Align five 2 x 4 bricks.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight Build

2. Connect four 2 x 4 bricks at a 90° angle on the five 2 x 4 bricks leaving one row open on each end.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight Build

2. Connect three 2 x 4 bricks at a 90° angle on the four 2 x 4 bricks leaving one row open on each end.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight Test

• Slide weight across the table surface observing the effort required to move the test weight across the table surface.

EFFORT

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight Test

• Place weight on wheel and axle prototype.
• Push weight across surface, observing the effort required.
• Analyze: Compare your�observations of the effort�required for each test.

EFFORT

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw

• A device that can lift or hold things together. A screw is a long-inclined plane with the central core and a groove wrapped around it.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw

• A screws is inclined plane wrapped around a post.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Exercise Overview

• Create the screw simple machine prototype following the build instructions.
• Test the screw simple machine prototype:
• Rotate the handle clockwise, then�counter-clockwise observing�the effort and movement.
• Analyze: Compare your�observation of the movement�and effort required.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

1. Insert a 3M blue friction peg through the�fifth hole of a 9M beam.
2. Insert a second 3M friction�peg through the ninth�hole of the 9M beam.
3. Connect a 9M beam on the�two 3M blue friction pegs.
4. Connect another 9M beam on�the two 3M blue friction pegs on�the opposite side.

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9M BEAM

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

9M BEAM

9M BEAM

9

5

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

5. Insert a 3M blue friction peg in the first hole of the 9M beam assembly.
6. Insert a 2M black friction peg in the fifth hole of the 9M beam assembly.
7. Connect a 15M beam on the 3M blue and�2M black friction pegs.

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9M BEAM ASSEMBLY

3M BLUE FRICTION PEG

2M BLACK FRICTION PEG

15M BEAM

5

1

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

8. Insert a 7M axle through the sixth hole of the 15M beam.
9. Install a bushing on the 7M axle outside of the 15M beam.
10. Install a ½ bushing on the 7M axle inside of�the 15M beam.

7M AXLE

½ BUSHING

BUSHING

15M BEAM

6

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

11. Install a worm gear on the 7M axle.
12. Install a ½ bushing on the 7M axle.
13. Using the cross hole of a 2x4 90°�beam, connect a 2x4 90° beam �on the outside of the 7M axle.
14. Install a non-friction axle peg�on the 2x4 90° beam.

7M AXLE

½ BUSHING

2x4 90° BEAM

WORM GEAR

NON-FRICTION AXLE PEG

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

15. Install a 2M axle connector on the non-friction axle peg.
16. Install a 6M axle through the fourth hole of the 15M beam.
17. Install a ½ bushing on the�6M axle outside the�15M beam.
18. Install an axle / peg cross�block on the 6M axle.

AXLE / PEG CROSS BLOCK

2M AXLE CONNECTOR

6M AXLE

½ BUSHING

15M BEAM

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

19. Install a 6M axle through the eight hole of the 15M beam.
20. Install a ½ bushing on the 6M axle outside the 15M beam.
21. Install an axle / peg cross�block on the 6M axle.

6M AXLE

½ BUSHING

AXLE / PEG CROSS BLOCK

15M BEAM

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

22. Install a friction axle peg in the first hole of the 15M beam.
23. Install a 5M axle in the bottom cross holes of the axle /peg cross blocks.
24. Holding a bushing in place�start a second 5M axle through�the top axle peg cross block.
25. Align the 8-tooth gear on the�5M axle and continue to�push through.
26. Align the second bushing�on the 5M axle and finish�pushing axle through.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

27. Connect a #2 180° axle connector to the friction axle peg in the 15M beam.
28. Connect a second friction axle�peg to the #2 180° axle�connector.
29. Install a 2M black friction peg�in the 9M beam assembly�first hole.
30. Install a 3M blue friction peg�in the fourth hole of the �9M beam assemble

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Build Instructions

27. Align a 15M beam with the pegs and axles on the assembly.
28. Connect the 15M beam to the assembly.
29. Install a ½ bushing on the 7M axle.
30. Install a second ½ bushing on the 7M axle.

½ BUSHING

15M BEAM

½ BUSHING

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Test

• Rotate the handle clockwise, then �counter-clockwise observing�the effort and movement.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley

• Changes the direction of the effort.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Exercise Overview

• Build the pulley simple machine using the following instructions.
• Use the handle to rotate the pulleys observing the�rotation direction and speed of the pointer.
• Switch to smaller pulley.
• Use the handle to rotate the pulleys�observing the rotation direction and�speed of the pointer.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Build Instructions

1. Insert three 2M black friction pegs in a 15M beam, one in the first hole, one in the ninth hole and one in the fifteenth hole.

9

5

15

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Build Instructions

2. Insert a 4M axle with stop through a 2x4 90° beam.
3. Insert the beam and axle assembly through the sixth hole of the 15M beam assembly.
4. Insert ½ busing on the 4M�axle with stop.
5. Connect a wedge-belt�wheel / pulley on the 4M axle.

6

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Build Instructions

6. Insert tan non-friction axle peg into the 2x4 90° angled beam.
7. Connect 2M axle connector to the tan non-friction axle peg.
8. Insert a tan non-friction axle peg into the second hole of the 15M beam assembly.
9. Connect a wedge-belt�wheel / pulley to tan non-friction axle peg.

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TAN�NON-FRICTION AXLE PEG

2

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Build Instructions

10. Connect ½ bushing on the 4M axle with stop.
11. Connect #6 axle and peg connector 90° on the tan non-friction axle peg.
12. Insert 3M axle in opposite side of #6 axle and peg connector 90°

3M AXLE

#6 AXLE AND PEG CONNECTOR 90°

½ BUSHING

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Build Instructions

13. Install yellow LEGO® rubber band around the two wedge-belt�wheel / pulleys.

WEDGE-BELT WHEEL / PULLEY

YELLOW LEGO^® RUBBER BAND

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Test 1 – Same Size Pulleys

• Rotate the handle one rotation counting the number of rotation the 3M axle makes.

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Test 2 – Different Size Pulleys set up

1. Remove the yellow LEGO® rubber band.
2. Remove the 3M axle and #6 axle and peg connector 90° as an assembly.
3. Remove the wedge-belt wheel pulley.

3M AXLE

#6 AXLE AND PEG CONNECTOR 90°

WEDGE-BELT WHEEL / PULLEY

YELLOW LEGO^® RUBBER BAND

½ bushing can double as a pulley

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Test 2 – Different Size Pulleys set up

4. Install the ½ bushing.
5. Install the 3M axle and #6 axle and peg connector 90° assembly.
6. Install the yellow LEGO®�rubber band around the ½ bushing and wedge-belt�wheel / pulley.

3M AXLE

#6 AXLE AND PEG CONNECTOR 90°

½ BUSHING

YELLOW LEGO^® RUBBER BAND

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Test 2 – Different Size Pulleys

• Rotate the handle one rotation counting the number of rotation the 3M axle makes.
• What was the difference in the count of 3M axle rotations between Test 1 and Test 2?

3M AXLE

HANDLE

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Additional References

• Push, pull, lift
• https://education.lego.com/en-us/product-resources/machines-and-mechanisms/simple-machines/building-instructions

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• Advancing with Simple & Powered Machines (lego.com)
• https://education.lego.com/en-us/lessons/advancing-with-spm/
• https://education.lego.com/en-us/lessons?products=Simple+Machines+Set

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Additional References

• https://study.com/academy/lesson/simple-machines-lever-inclined-plane-pulley.html#:~:text=The%20three%20most%20basic%20simple,planes%2C%20levers%2C%20and%20pulleys
• https://education.lego.com/en-us/lessons/spm/cam#connect
• https://www.twinkl.com/teaching-wiki/simple-machines
• https://www.123homeschool4me.com/24-simple-machine-projects-for-kids_97/
• https://florida.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/idptv11.sci.phys.maf.d4ksim/simple-machines/
• https://www.dkfindout.com/uk/science/simple-machines/
• https://www.engineeringchoice.com/

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Everything is awesome!

-Emmet Joseph Brickowski

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Parts Lists

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Lever Prototype Parts List

6 - 3M blue friction pegs (6558)

2 – 3M tan non-friction pegs (32556)

8 – 2M black friction pegs (2780)

6 – 15M beams (32278)

2 – 3x5 90° angled beams (32526)

Weight option 1

2 – steering ball casters (92911)

2 – 18mm LEGO steel bearings (99948)

Weight option 2

2 - Axle to Pin Connector with Friction (43093)

2 - Wheel Rim Ø18 x 14 with Pin Hole with Tire Ø 30.4 x 14 with Offset Tread Pattern and Band around Center (55981)

(28 parts)

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Prototype Parts List

5 – 3M blue friction pegs (6558)

1 – 7M beam (32524)

1 – 9M beam (40490)

2 – 11M beams (32525)

2 – 15M beams (32278)

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(11 parts)

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wedge Test Platform Parts List

4 – 2M black friction pegs (2780)

6 – 3M blue friction pegs (6558)

2 – 2M notched axle (32062)

2 - 3M beams (35523)

5 – 15M beams (32278)

1 – 7M axles (44294)

2 – 10M axles (3737)

2 – axle connectors (59443)

2 – #1 axle and peg connectors (32013)

2 – 3M cross blocks with two peg holes (42003)

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(28 parts)

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Prototype Parts List

8 – 2M black friction pegs (2780)

2 – 3M blue friction pegs (6558)

4 - 3M beams (35523)

3 – 15M beams (32278)

2 – 7M axles (44294)

4 – ½ bushings (32123)

4 – wedge belt wheel with tire for wedge-belt wheel/pulley (2786)

(27 parts)

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Wheel and Axle Test Weight

12 – 2 x4 bricks (3001)

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(12 parts)

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Simple Machines – Coach Series

Screw Prototype Parts List

3 – 3M blue friction peg (6558)

2 – 2M black friction pegs (2780)

1 – tan non-friction axle peg (3749)

2 – blue friction axle peg (43093)

1 – axle connector (59443)

2 – 15M beams (32278)

3 – 9M beams (40490)

1 – 7M axle (44294)

2 – 6M axles (3706)

2 – 5M axles (32073)

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1 – 2 x 4 90° angled beam (32140)

6 – ½ bushing (32123)

3 – bushings (3713)

1 – #2 180° axle and peg connector (32034)

2 – 3M cross blocks with two axle holes (32184)

1 – worm gear (4716)

1 – gear 8 tooth (3647)

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(35 parts)

85

Simple Machines – Coach Series

Pulley Prototype Parts List

2 – tan non-friction axle peg (3749)

3 – 2M black friction pegs (2780)

1 – axle connector (59443)

2 – 15M beams (32278)

1 – 4M axle with stop (87083)

1 – 3M axle (4519)

1 – 2 x 4 90° angled beam (32140)

2 – ½ bushing (32123) a second for Test 2

2 – wedge belt wheels/pulleys (4185)

1 – #6 axle and pin connector 90° (3214)

1 – yellow LEGO® rubber band (70905)

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(17 parts)

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86

Simple Machines – Coach Series

Universal

• Pending development

87

Simple Machines – Coach Series