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Grendel

Chapter 4: Discussion

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Chapter 4 Summary

  • In this chapter we are back to the present time period of the book. After the fire in which all Hrothgar’s people burned the bodies of the dead.
  • This is twelve years (again the cycle allusion) after the Shaper arrived.
  • The season has changed. Days grow shorter, nights grow longer.
  • A crab is mentioned. That is our Zodiac allusion.

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Summary

  • The Shaper remains although he could have gone off to more prosperous kingdoms. Grendel has done some damage to King Hrothgar.
  • He stays for the “pride of creation.” Our philosophy for this chapter. Theology and how it binds society.
  • Now the chapter goes back to a flashback.
  • He built “this hall by the power of his songs: created with casual words its grave mor(t)ality. This hits both themes kids.

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Summary

  • The Shaper has a helper, a boy “that observes [the Shaper], tall and solemn” and he is twelve years older than when he arrived.
  • He only knows tragedy (caused by Grendel) and the Shaper sings about it.
  • The Shaper sings of the origins of their beginning. Basically the origins of their “church” or religion.
  • Grendel listen to all of this origin rhetoric (propaganda) and it all seemed true. BUT it was all lies.
  • Hrothgar built a great mead hall based on the Shaper’s stories.

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Summary

  • Men came from everywhere to be a part of Hrothgar’s kingdom. And “the harper sang.”
  • Grendel listens to the words and he knows that they are “ridiculous,” yet he was “swept in.”
  • Grendel’s mind and “heart was light with Hrothgar’s goodness,” but he knows it is all lies.
  • Grendel listens and backs away “crablike.” So yes, the crab is the Gemini symbol.
  • Grendel is like a crab. Hard shell, but soft underbelly (words affect him).

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Summary

  • Grendel realizes that the Shaper has changed the men. Origins of their “religion.”
  • He realizes that the Shaper and King Hrothgar have “reshaped the world.”
  • Comic relief: Grendel realizes that he is speaking “a little poetic, [he] would readily admit.”
  • He is being affected by the Shaper. He is getting “pompous.”
  • He has a snake in his hand as he contemplates this… definitely a Biblical allusion.
  • Grendel thinks that Shaper works for pay and for a woman.

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Summary

  • Grendel realizes that the Shapers words are beautiful but they still cause murder.
  • But Grendel sees a problem in the Shaker’s words. He “wasn’t satisfied.”
  • He wants to add something to the Shaper’s story. So he heads to town.
  • Grendel feels “an invisible presence” moving him toward the mead hall.
  • He steps on “something fleshy, and he jerked away. It was a man.” They had killed him and left him naked in the woods.
  • Grendel starts feeling twitchy, and the mead hall goes silent. The Shaper is at his harp ready to sing.

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Summary

  • The Shaper sings of the origins of the world.
  • The Shaper tells of the “dark side” and the “terrible race of man.” Grendel sees that he is called out.
  • And Grendel believes him. He believes the Shapers words.
  • But he has proof in front of him that he is not the problem: The body that he is standing on THAT HE DID NOT KILL.
  • He staggers toward the mead hall groaning, “Mercy! Peace!

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Summary

  • And he has a “conversion” (Religion).
  • He no longer has a “burden.”
  • He shows his face to the crowd at the mead hall. People scream and try to run.
  • Men attack but he says, “Friend, Friend.” This is kinda sad if you think about it. ET. ☺
  • They throw spears and he holds the dead body he found up for protection. He is hit by a venomous spear.

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Summary

  • Grendel kills two men with his “nails at the first simple swipe (shows you his ability). But he did this in self-defense.
  • He runs away and sobs. “Pity, O Pity.” He hits the ground so hard that a seam opens up 12 feet long.
  • He has some colorful language to describe the men that just attacked him. “Words [he] picked up from men in their rages.
  • Grendel is sure what this means: “defiance, rejection of gods” that are just “lifeless sticks.”

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Summary

  • Grendel becomes aware of his “foolishness” and it makes him calm.
  • He looks up to God (the author now capitalized God… that’s important), and asks, “Why can’t I have someone to talk to?” (Isolation theme).
  • He realizes that all the Shaper’s words are “idle rhymes” and that even Hrothgar’s sons would kill him for his money if they had the chance.
  • He decides to “let them wander the fog roads (FOG is a symbol) of Hell.”

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Summary

  • Two days later he goes back. He “was addicted.”
  • The Shaper is praising men and war. He sang how he fought Grendel. “All lies.”
  • His harp “rasped like snakes” and glorified death.
  • He kills a guard but doesn’t want to eat him. This is the first time (he is acting like man here).
  • He allows the darkness to take him, but he also realizes that his darkness is nothing compared to man’s. He again mentions a snake (Biblical allusion).
  • He backs away from this darkness.

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Summary

  • He retreats back to his cave.
  • His mother looks at him because he has brought home no food. He realizes that it is all ridiculous.
  • It was “a cold blooded lie that god (notice not capitalized now) had lovingly made a world” where brothers who fought were saved and that other were cursed (like him).
  • But the Shaper makes it all true with words.
  • He realizes that his mother is an outcast: waste.
  • She speaks: “Dool-dool! Dool-dool.”
  • He wakes up the next morning , heading toward a dragon. This is the first mention of a new character. The dragon.
  • I am now going to bed.