1 of 129

A practical course in core values for a meaningful world.

Core Values and a secular God

2 of 129

Introductions

& why we’re here

Who we are
Why we’re here

3 of 129

Structure

What we’ll cover

Choose your values
Core values
Why these values
What these values mean
Life frameworks
Other value systems
Organisational values
Global values
God for the secular

4 of 129

You choose your values

5 of 129

You choose your values the principles you live by

Autonomy is

foundational

6 of 129

Hill, T. E.

(2012)

Autonomy and self-respect. Cambridge University Press.

“Immanuel Kant held that autonomy is the foundation of human dignity and the source of all morality.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

7 of 129

Kant, I.

(1785)

Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals.

The Categorical Imperative (1st formulation)

“Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it become a universal law.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

8 of 129

Jefferson, T.

(1776)

Declaration of independence - the unanimous declaration of the thirteen united states of America.

“We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

9 of 129

The core values

10 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 12:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

BENEFICIAL

SECURE*

sage

firm

confident

warm

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

‘LEADING DEMANDS STRENGTH AND WARMTH’

Neffinger, J & Kohut, M., (2014) Compelling people - The hidden qualities that makes us influential.

Communicate non-verbally

Dr. Mehrabian studied how the mind determines meaning in the communication of feelings and attitudes: he concluded that their interpretation is 7 percent from the words said, 38 percent from how the words are said, and 55 percent from visual cues in facial expression. We may conclude that the communication of feelings and attitudes does not need words. So, be aware of non-verbal communication.

Mehrabian, A., & Ferris, S. R. (1967). Inference of attitudes from nonverbal communication in two channels. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31(3), 248–252.

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are true, reasonable, equal, and passionate.

N

persistent

right

fearless

11 of 129

What these values mean

12 of 129

Secular iconography

N

13 of 129

The Sun & Heart

Grows and nurtures.
Brings people into its orbit and sustains life.
Grows, sustains and nurtures relationships.

Loving, curious and warm with yourself and others, passionate about what you do, driven to benefit others how you are best able.

Warm 1:4

14 of 129

On target

Ensures you are you.
Honest to who you are.
On target.
But be careful, this value can also be cold and critical.

True to yourself and to others.

True 2:4

N

15 of 129

Thoughtful and enlightened

Balanced.
What is reasonable is within reason.
Leadership is through reasonable requests, requests with reasons so their rationale can be understood and questioned.
What is unreasonable is wrong.

Reasonable with yourself and with others.

Reasonable 3:4

16 of 129

Equal respect, equal justice

Equal humanity.
Equal respect for everyone, and yourself.
Not greater or lesser respect for anyone.
Regardless of age, achievement, gender or race or any other differential attribute.

Tolerant and sensible of your right to be yourself and others right to be themselves, and that we are all equally human, all entitled to equal respect, equal justice.

Fair 4:4

17 of 129

Values for understanding

To reach understanding, we observe and acknowledge others points of view as well as our own.
With understanding, we can agree or disagree agreeably.
Through understanding our world, ourselves, and others, we show our appreciation for our world, ourselves, and others, for everything.

The four core values all lead to understanding and rapport. The inverse of these leads to misunderstanding and dischord.

UNDERSTANDING

18 of 129

Pause to reflect & discuss

Do these values resonate?

Other values?

19 of 129

Why these values

20 of 129

You choose your values the principles you live by

Reason is

fundamental

21 of 129

Aristotle

(c348 BCE)

The Nicomachean Ethics (1:7)

“we shall find the best good if we first find the function of a human being” … “the human function is the .. activity that expresses reason or requires reason”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

22 of 129

fear and confidence

courageous

rash

cowardly

pleasure and pain

temperate

licentious

insensible

getting and spending

liberal

prodigal

illiberal

honour and dishonour

proper ambition

ambitious

unambitious

honour and dishonour

magnan-

imous

vain

pusillanimous

getting and spending

magnific-

ent

vulgar

petty

anger

patient

irascible

spiritless

self-expression

truthful

boastful

understated

conversation

witty

buffoon

boor

social conduct

friendly

obsequious

cantankerous

shame

modest

shy

shameless

indignation

righteous

envious

malicious

MORAL VIRTUES

Aristotle. (c348 BCE). The Nicomachean Ethics.

Spheres of action or feeling with the excess (left-side) or deficit (right-side) and the mean (center) for which you are aiming. If you are left-side you should aim right-side to hit the center.

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

23 of 129

CONTINUUM OF THE 16 INTERPERSONAL VARIABLES 1

Leary, T. (1955). The theory and measurement methodology of interpersonal communication. Psychiatry: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 18, 147–161

Leary, T. (1957). Interpersonal diagnosis of personality - a functional theory and methodology for personality evaluation. Ronald Press.

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

24 of 129

Leary, T. (1955). The theory and measurement methodology of interpersonal communication. Psychiatry: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 18, 147–161

Leary, T. (1957). Interpersonal diagnosis of personality - a functional theory and methodology for personality evaluation. Ronald Press.

CONTINUUM OF THE 16 INTERPERSONAL VARIABLES 2

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

25 of 129

Circumplex Model. Adapted from Timothy Leary's 1957 Interpersonal Behavior Circle and modified with Donald Kiesler's 1982 Interpersonal Circle behavior labels along the perimeter. Leary's IBC reproduced with permission of the Leary Estate (Futique Trust). Adaptation of 1982 Interpersonal Circle labels, courtesy of Donald Kiesler.

CONTINUUM OF THE 16 INTERPERSONAL VARIABLES 3

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

26 of 129

INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR CIRCLES

Kim, S., Alison, L., & Christiansen, P. (2020). Observing rapport-based interpersonal techniques to gather information from victims. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 26(2), 166–175.

Adaptive-positive patterns of interaction

Maladaptive-negative patterns of interaction

27 of 129

RAPPORT - HONESTY, EMPATHY, AUTONOMY, RESPECT (HEAR) 1

Alison. E., & Alison. L. (2020). Rapport - the four ways to read people. Vermilion.

28 of 129

RAPPORT - HONESTY, EMPATHY, AUTONOMY, RESPECT (HEAR) 2

Alison. E., & Alison. L. (2020). Rapport - the four ways to read people. Vermilion.

29 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 1:12

REASON

TRUTH

BENEFICIAL

FAIR

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

WARMTH

=

30 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 2:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

FAIR

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

BENEFICIAL

=

31 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 3:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

FAIR

to self, to others

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

BENEFICIAL

=

32 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 4:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

FAIR

to all

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

WARM

BENEFICIAL

=

to all

33 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 5:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

FAIR

to all

EXPECT

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

WARM

BENEFICIAL

=

to all

34 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 6:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

FAIR

to all

safeguard

EXPECT accept

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

WARM

BENEFICIAL

=

to all

35 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 7:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

BENEFICIAL

sage

firm

confident

warm

N

persistent

right

fearless

humorous

to all

36 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 8:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

BENEFICIAL

sage

firm

confident

warm

N

persistent

right

fearless

to all

37 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 9:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

sage

firm

confident

warm

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are true, reasonable, equal, and passionate.

BENEFICIAL

N

persistent

right

fearless

to all

38 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 10:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

sage

firm

confident

warm

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are true, reasonable, equal, and passionate.

BENEFICIAL

N

persistent

right

fearless

to all

39 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 11:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

sage

firm

confident

warm

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

‘LEADING DEMANDS STRENGTH AND WARMTH’

Neffinger, J & Kohut, M., (2014) Compelling people - The hidden qualities that makes us influential.

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are true, reasonable, equal, and passionate.

BENEFICIAL

N

persistent

right

fearless

to all

40 of 129

Core Values for a secular world 12:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

WARM

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

FAIR

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

sage

firm

confident

warm

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

‘LEADING DEMANDS STRENGTH AND WARMTH’

Neffinger, J & Kohut, M., (2014) Compelling people - The hidden qualities that makes us influential.

Communicate non-verbally

Dr. Mehrabian studied how the mind determines meaning in the communication of feelings and attitudes: he concluded that their interpretation is 7 percent from the words said, 38 percent from how the words are said, and 55 percent from visual cues in facial expression. We may conclude that the communication of feelings and attitudes does not need words. So, be aware of non-verbal communication.

Mehrabian, A., & Ferris, S. R. (1967). Inference of attitudes from nonverbal communication in two channels. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31(3), 248–252.

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are true, reasonable, equal, and passionate.

BENEFICIAL

N

persistent

right

fearless

to all

41 of 129

Core Values Reversal 1:3

FALSE

incurious

fake

unfair

irrational

disrespectful

hubristic

inaccurate

dishonest

impatient

inconsiderate

thoughtless

insincere

indirect

unjust

inauthentic

illogical

unwise

uncredible

unacceptable

unbelievable

unobservant

unrealistic

non-compassionate

unsympathetic

untrustworthy

autocratic

exclusive

unappreciative

UNFAIR

to all

non-collaborative

=

directionless

unemotive

cold

UNFULFILLED

with harm

foolish

soft

MISUNDERSTAND

anxious

UNREASONABLE

COLD

unreliable

inconsistent

wrong

frightened

to all

42 of 129

Core Values Reversal 2:3

FALSE

incurious

fake

unfair

irrational

disrespectful

hubristic

inaccurate

dishonest

impatient

inconsiderate

thoughtless

insincere

indirect

unjust

inauthentic

illogical

unwise

uncredible

unacceptable

unbelievable

unobservant

unrealistic

non-compassionate

unsympathetic

untrustworthy

autocratic

exclusive

unappreciative

UNFAIR

to all

non-collaborative

=

directionless

unemotive

cold

UNFULFILLED

with harm

foolish

soft

MISUNDERSTAND

anxious

UNREASONABLE

COLD

unreliable

Great leaders do have passion, they must have drive to lead, but whether it is used reasonably for truth and equality, or unreasonably using falsehoods and unequal power is another matter.

A poor leader is not a leader, but an unreasonable controller, using falsehoods and unequal powers to pursue their own advantage.

inconsistent

wrong

frightened

to all

43 of 129

Core Values Reversal 3:3

FALSE

incurious

fake

unfair

irrational

disrespectful

hubristic

inaccurate

dishonest

impatient

inconsiderate

thoughtless

insincere

indirect

unjust

inauthentic

illogical

unwise

uncredible

unacceptable

unbelievable

unobservant

unrealistic

non-compassionate

unsympathetic

untrustworthy

autocratic

exclusive

unappreciative

UNFAIR

to all

non-collaborative

=

directionless

unemotive

cold

UNFULFILLED

with harm

foolish

soft

MISUNDERSTAND

anxious

UNREASONABLE

COLD

unreliable

Great leaders do have passion, they must have drive to lead, but whether it is used reasonably for truth and equality, or unreasonably using falsehoods and unequal power is another matter.

A poor leader is not a leader, but an unreasonable controller, using falsehoods and unequal powers to pursue their own advantage.

"The press must grow day in and day out — it is our Party's sharpest and most powerful weapon."

Stalin, J. (1923). Speech

“He who would live must fight. He who doesn’t wish to fight in this world, where permanent struggle is the law of life, has not the right to exist.”

Hitler, A. (1925). Mein Kampf.

"It’s the experience of being in power that makes Stalin, Stalin."

Stokin, Stephen. (2025). Dwarkesh Podcast

“Authority that does not exist for Liberty is not authority but force.”

Lord Acton. (c1887). Acton Institute

inconsistent

wrong

frightened

to all

44 of 129

Emotions the raw elements of being

rage

passion

hate

UNDERSTANDING

love

happiness

ecstasy

fear

terror

joy

grief

despair

sadness

melancholy

anger

guilt

shame

jealousy

fury

MISUNDERSTANDING

satisfaction

45 of 129

Pause to reflect & discuss

Any questions?

Does it make sense?

46 of 129

At the group level

47 of 129

free

ENABLING

RESTRICTIVE

hierarchical

agreeable

dictatorial

authoritarian

autocratic

democratic

despotic

totalitarian

egalitarian

liberal

tolerant

permissive

classless

inclusive

diverse

conformist

creative

austere

hard

stereotypical

norm-bound

safe

dutiful

submissive

strict

draconian

assistive

caste-bound

class-bound

fair

slavish

deferential

formal

non-binary

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

Community - Society - Organisations - Systems 1:3

48 of 129

ENABLING GROWING NURTURING TOLERATING LIBERATING ENCOURAGING	DISABLING STAGNATING NEGLECTING BANNING SUBJUGATING DISCOURAGING

free

ENABLING

RESTRICTIVE

hierarchical

agreeable

dictatorial

authoritarian

autocratic

democratic

despotic

totalitarian

egalitarian

liberal

tolerant

permissive

classless

inclusive

diverse

conformist

creative

austere

hard

stereotypical

norm-bound

safe

dutiful

submissive

strict

draconian

assistive

caste-bound

class-bound

fair

slavish

deferential

formal

non-binary

n

e

g

a

t

i

v

e

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

p

o

s

i

t

i

v

e

Community - Society - Organisations - Systems 2:3

49 of 129

TOOLS TO REINFORCE THIS SIDE AND BREAK THE OTHER UNIVERSAL INCOMES JUSTICE SELF-EXPRESSION UNIVERSAL RIGHTS VOICE DISSENT DEFENCE DEMOCRACY EQUALITY	TOOLS TO REINFORCE THIS SIDE AND BREAK THE OTHER WAGES LAWS NORMS DISCRIMINATION SILENCE CONSENT OFFENCE DICTATORSHIP HIERARCHY

free

ENABLING

RESTRICTIVE

hierarchical

agreeable

dictatorial

authoritarian

autocratic

democratic

despotic

totalitarian

egalitarian

liberal

tolerant

permissive

classless

inclusive

diverse

conformist

creative

austere

hard

stereotypical

norm-bound

safe

dutiful

submissive

strict

draconian

assistive

caste-bound

class-bound

fair

slavish

deferential

formal

non-binary

Community - Society - Organisations - Systems 3:3

50 of 129

Pause to reflect & discuss

Any questions?

Can we resist?

Can we intervene?

51 of 129

At the personal level

52 of 129

Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Psychology Today. (n.d.) www.psychologytoday.com

‘Developed in the 1980s by Steven C. Hayes, the theory behind ACT is that it is counterproductive to try to control painful emotions, as this ultimately leads to more distress. ACT’s alternatives to trying to change the way you think include mindful behavior, attention to personal values, and commitment to action.’

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

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Acceptance & Commitment Therapy’s Six Pivots

The six pivots

“Psychological flexibility involves six skills, and building each of these involves its own specific kind of pivot away from rigid mental processes. So the big pivot fostered by ACT is really six specific pivots which combine to enable us to live with more psychological flexibility.”

Notice your mind trying to tell your story - notice your mind’s narration, but don’t accept its dictation.
Take a wider perspective - we are more than our story, we can just ‘be’.
Accept and embrace life - face life, and your experiences, with openness and curiosity.

Attend to what is helpful and meaningful - intentionally tend to what is helpful and meaningful to you.
Choose your values and your goals - turn from socially-compliant goals to your own values and goals.
Act habitually in small steps - act in alignment with your values, in small steps, to achieve your goals.

Hayes, S. C. (2019). A liberated mind - how to pivot toward what matters. Penguin Random House.

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Hayes, S. C.

(2019)

A liberated mind - how to pivot toward what matters. Penguin Random House

“..our minds are so enthralled to the ‘dictator within’ and its powerful impulse to problem solve our pain away. .. when you see how the ‘dictator’ does what it does, you are closer to adopting a new mode of mind - a liberated mind.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

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Hayes, S. C.

(2019)

A liberated mind - how to pivot toward what matters. Penguin Random House

“..pivoting from socially compliant goals to chosen values redirects the yearning for self-direction and purpose. .. living in accordance with our values is never finished; it is a life-long journey, and it provides a way to create enduring sources of motivation based on meaning.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

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Pause to reflect & discuss

Have you used ACT?

Does it look useful?

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Core Values for a secular world

REASONABLE

TRUE

PASSIONATE

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

observant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

EQUAL

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

enthusiastic

BENEFICIAL

sage

firm

confident

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are reasonable, equal, honest, and warm.

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

‘LEADING DEMANDS STRENGTH AND WARMTH’

Neffinger, J & Kohut, M., (2014) Compelling people - The hidden qualities that makes us influential.

Communicate non-verbally

Dr. Mehrabian studied how the mind determines meaning in the communication of feelings and attitudes: he concluded that their interpretation is 7 percent from the words said, 38 percent from how the words are said, and 55 percent from visual cues in facial expression. We may conclude that the communication of feelings and attitudes does not need words. So, be aware of non-verbal communication.

Mehrabian, A., & Ferris, S. R. (1967). Inference of attitudes from nonverbal communication in two channels. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31(3), 248–252.

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Life frameworks

for fulfilment and flourishing

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Framework for fulfilment

PURPOSE :

FULFILMENT

thru CONTRIBUTING OUR WAY

SURVIVAL

PRINCIPLE :

WITHOUT HARM

VALUES :

with AUTONOMY

REASONABLE

PASSIONATE

TRUE

EQUAL

and SOCIAL SUPPORT

UNDERSTANDING

BENEFICIAL

=

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Support

Values

Living

relatives institutions you partner colleagues inhabitants

Birth

Death

genes

flourishing

institutions

relatives

family

formative years 3-8

organisations

society

autonomous

inhabitants

contributing / supporting / benefitting our way

first years

1-2

couple

partner

venerable years 90+

nurtured talents

health

colleagues

community

health

genes

Framework for flourishing

maturing

learning

practising

UNDERSTANDING

TRUE

PASSIONATE

REASONABLE

EQUAL

self

you

SAFE

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Pause to reflect & discuss

Any questions?

62 of 129

What matters - some data

World Happiness Reports

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Helliwell, J. F.

(2023)

World Happiness Report 2023 (11th ed.) Sustainable Development Solutions Network.

Between nations, “gdp per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity, and freedom from corruption … explain more than three-quarters of the variation in [life evaluation] scores.”

Kant, German philosopher, died 1804. He held that humans need to find what they regard as universal values through their own reasoning. It is only through their own autonomous reasoning that their values can have moral foundation in that they found them themselves, and it is only in that autonomous reasoning toward universal values that they can ever be universal. In other words, we must each find our way, through reason, toward the values that we hold as universal, but we can never force these universal values on others, they must find them themselves.

The categorical imperative

first formulation "Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you at the same time can will that it become a universal law." comes from Kant, I. (1785). Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Wikipedia.

[‘The result of these two considerations is that we must will maxims that can be at the same time universal, but which do not infringe on the freedom of ourselves nor of others. A universal maxim, however, could only have this form if it were a maxim that each subject by himself endorsed.’ Wikipedia (Categorical Imperative).]

second formulation “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end”

third formulation “Thus the third practical principle follows as the ultimate condition of their harmony with practical reason: the idea of the will of every rational being as a universally legislating will.

["The Doctrine of Virtue" provides "a very different account of ordinary moral reasoning" than the one suggested by the Groundwork:” Wikipedia

“There are two sorts of ends that it is our duty to have: our own perfection and the happiness of others (MS 6:385)” Wikipedia

“there are only two obligatory ends: one’s own (rational) perfection and the happiness of others” https://www.princeton.edu/]

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1

6

5

4

3

2

= positive emotions

= negative emotions

Adjusted R-squared

0.757

0.439

0.334

0.782

Variables for life satisfaction

REGRESSION COEFFICIENTS TO EXPLAIN AVERAGE CANTRIL LADDER SCORES FOR LIFE SATISFACTION

Technical: Uses a pooled OLS regression for a tattered panel.

The Cantril Ladder is the 11-point scale from 0-10 on how you would rate your current life, with 0 being your worst possible life and 10 being your best possible life. This regression uses the national annual average Cantril Ladder scores across 156 countries from 2005 to 2022 (giving almost 2,000 scores/observations in total).

Darker blue arrows mean greater impact.

Adjusted-R-squared gives a measure of how predictive the multiple regression is and how much variation is explained by the independent variables used in the regression. This shows that the six independent (aka explanatory or predictor or exogenous) variables explain more than three-quarters of the variation in the Cantril Ladder scores (the dependent variable).

The top line figure of 0.359 is a regression coefficient showing how much the dependent variable (the Cantril Ladder score) changes for a unit increase in the independent variable (in this case, Log GDP per capita). The (0.067) in brackets is the standard error, so +- 0.067 on 0.359. The stars represent the statistical significance (p Value) of the regression coefficient. If it doesn’t have an asterix, it is not regarded as statistically significant. One star means significant at the 90% confidence interval, 2 at the 95% interval, and 3 at the 99% confidence interval. More stars means the estimate is more likely to be a true estimate (or less likely for the true value to be something else).

Positive and negative “affect” are based on answers about yesterday’s emotional experiences. In general, these emotional measures, especially negative ones, are less fully explained by the six independent variables. For instance, ‘GDP per capita’ and ‘Healthy life expectancy at birth’ have significant effects on ‘Cantril Ladder’ scores, but not on ‘Positive’ emotions. ‘Social support’ has similar size effects on ‘Positive’ and [inversely] ‘Negative’ emotions as it does on ‘Cantril Ladder’ scores. ‘Freedom to make life choices’ and ‘Generosity’ have larger effects on ‘Positive’ emotions than on ‘Cantril Ladder’ scores. ‘Negative’ emotions are significantly ameliorated by ‘Social support’ and ‘Freedom to make life choices’.

In the fourth column, the equation is redone but with Positive and Negative emotions as additional independent variables. The results buttress a finding in psychology that the existence of positive emotions matters more than the absence of negative ones for longevity and resistance to colds. Consistent with this, Positive emotions are found to have a large and highly significant impact on Cantril Ladder scores, while Negative emotions impact is small and not significant.

As for the other dependent variables’ coefficients, the changes are substantial only on those variables that have the largest impacts on Positive emotions, especially ‘Freedom to make life choice’ and ‘Generosity’. Thus it can be inferred that Positive emotions play a strong role in supporting Cantril Ladder scores, and that much of the impact of ‘Freedom to make life choices’ and ‘Generosity’ is channelled through their influence, i.e., ‘Freedom to make life choices’ and ‘Generosity’ have large impacts on Positive emotions, which in turn has a major impact on Cantril Ladder scores.

1. The equation uses the natural log of GDP per capita, as this form fits the data better.

2. Social support is the national average of the binary response (0=no, 1=yes) to the Gallup World Poll question, “If you were in trouble, do you have relatives or friends you can count on to help you whenever you need them, or not?”

3. Healthy life expectancy at birth is from the World Health Organization.

4. Freedom to make life choices is the national average of binary responses to the GWP question, “Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your freedom to choose what you do with your life?”

5. Generosity is the residual after regressing the national average of GWP responses to the donation question, “Have you donated money to a charity in the past month?” on log GDP per capita.

6. Perceptions of corruption are the average of binary answers to two GWP questions, “Is corruption widespread throughout the government or not?” and, “Is corruption widespread within businesses or not?”

7. Positive affect is defined as the average of previous-day affect measures for laughter, enjoyment, and interest. The general form for the questions is: Did you experience the following feelings during a lot of the day yesterday?

8. Negative affect is defined as the average of previous-day affect measures for worry, sadness, and anger.

R (not given on this slide) is the correlation coefficient. R-squared is the determination coefficient for a regression model. R-squared gives a measure of how predictive the regression is and how much variation is explained by the regression. The lowest R-squared is 0 which means no points are explained by the regression, whereas the highest R-squared is 1 which means all the points are explained by the regression. Adjusted-R-squared is R-squared adjusted for the number of independent variables in a multiple-regression model, but again gives a measure of how predictive the multiple regression is and how much variation is explained by the independent variables used in the regression.

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Pause to reflect & discuss

Any questions?

66 of 129

Other value systems

Religious and ideological core values

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Luther, M. (1517)

Disputation against scholastic theology - The 97 theses. Disputation 40-41.

“40. We do not become righteous by doing righteous deeds but, having been made righteous, we do righteous deeds. This in opposition to the philosophers.”

“41. Virtually the entire ethics of Aristotle is the worst enemy of grace.”

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Luther, M. (1525)

Against the Heavenly Prophets, Weimarer Ausgabe 18:164 / LW 40:175

“Reason is the devil's prostitute and can do nothing else but slander and dishonor what God does and says.”

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Religious Core Values

FAITH in the

religion’s books/leaders

TRUE to the religion’s books

UNEQUAL hierarchy of the religion

PASSIONATE to followers of the religion

UNDERSTAND the religion’s books or elders’ reading of it

BENEFICIAL to followers

=

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Religious Core Values

FAITH in the

religion’s books/leaders

TRUE to the religion’s books

UNEQUAL hierarchy of the religion

PASSIONATE to followers of the religion

UNDERSTAND the religion’s books or elders’ reading of it

BENEFICIAL to followers

=

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Ideology Core Values

BELIEF in the ideology & its leaders

TRUE to the ideology

UNEQUAL hierarchy of the ideology

PASSIONATE to followers of the ideology

UNDERSTAND the ideology or leaders’ reading of it

BENEFICIAL to followers

=

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Ideology Core Values

BELIEF in the ideology & its leaders

TRUE to the ideology

UNEQUAL hierarchy of the ideology

PASSIONATE to followers of the ideology

UNDERSTAND the ideology or leaders’ reading of it

BENEFICIAL to followers

=

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Secular Core Values

REASONABLE

to all

TRUE

to all

PASSIONATE

to all

UNDERSTAND

all

EQUAL

to all

BENEFICIAL to all

=

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Maori Values, Virtues, Principles, Concepts

Whakapapa - Ancestry, genealogy, and the connections to one's heritage and ancestral lands.

Rangatiratanga - Leadership, self-determination, and the right to make choices and manage resources with integrity and vision.

Kaitiakitanga - Protecting the natural environment and its resources as guardians of the land, water, and air for present and future generations.

Manaakitanga - Caring for others, showing hospitality, acting with generosity and kindness, recognising and respecting the ‘mana’ of individuals.

Kotahitanga - Unity, collaboration, and a shared sense of belonging. Working together towards common goals, and fostering a sense of interconnectedness.

Whanaungatanga - Relationships, kinship, and belonging. The interconnectedness of individuals within family, community, and society.

Aroha - Love, compassion, empathy, and respect, fostering a sense of care and understanding in relationships.

Wairuatanga - Spirituality, balance, and harmony. The spiritual dimension of life and the connection to the natural world.

Tikanga - Correct procedure, custom, practice, convention, protocol - the customary system of values and practices - ‘the way we do things around here’.

Mana - Authority, status, prestige, power, and presence.

Tapu - A person, place or thing removed from the sphere of the profane and put into the sphere of the sacred (atua) by elders or by being a practice regarded as sacred is untouchable (English - taboo, Tongan - tabu).

Utu - Maintaining balance and harmony within society through reciprocity, including gift exchange and revenge.

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fear and confidence

courageous

rash

cowardly

pleasure and pain

temperate

licentious

insensible

getting and spending

liberal

prodigal

illiberal

honour and dishonour

proper ambition

ambitious

unambitious

honour and dishonour

magnan-

imous

vain

pusillanimous

getting and spending

magnific-

ent

vulgar

petty

anger

patient

irascible

spiritless

self-expression

truthful

boastful

understated

conversation

witty

buffoon

boor

social conduct

friendly

obsequious

cantankerous

shame

modest

shy

shameless

indignation

righteous

envious

malicious

MORAL VIRTUES

Aristotle. (c348 BCE). The Nicomachean Ethics.

Spheres of action or feeling with the excess (left-side) or deficit (right-side) and the mean (center) for which you are aiming. If you are left-side you should aim right-side to hit the center.

ADAPTIVE

MALADAPTIVE

76 of 129

Pause to reflect & discuss

Thoughts on these other value systems?

77 of 129

Organisational values

Values in public and private sector organisations

78 of 129

The Civil Service Code United Kingdom

“As a civil servant, you are expected..

..to carry out your role with dedication and a commitment to the Civil Service and its core values: integrity, honesty, objectivity and impartiality. .. These core values support good government and ensure the achievement of the highest possible standards in all that the Civil Service does. This in turn helps the Civil Service to gain and retain the respect of ministers, Parliament, the public and its customers.”

OV.UK., (2015). Statutory guidance - The civil service code. GOV.UK.

Civil Service Core Values

Integrity - Putting the obligations of public service above your own personal interests.

Honesty - Being truthful and open.

Objectivity - Basing your advice and decisions on rigorous analysis of the evidence.

Impartiality - Acting solely according to the merits of the case and serving equally well governments of different political persuasions.

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The Nolan Principles United Kingdom

“The Seven Principles of Public Life..

..outline the ethical standards those working in the public sector are expected to adhere to. They were first set out by Lord Nolan in 1995 in the first report of the Committee on Standards in Public Life and they are included in a range of codes of conduct across public life.” “Holders of public office..

Selflessness - ..should act solely in terms of the public interest.
Integrity - ..must avoid placing themselves under any obligation to people or organisations that might try inappropriately to influence them in their work.

GOV.UK., (2024). Guidance - The seven principles of public life. Reference to: Nolan, M.P., (1995). Committee on standards in public life. GOV.UK.

Objectivity - ..must act and take decisions impartially, fairly and on merit, using the best evidence and without discrimination or bias.
Accountability - ..are accountable to the public for their decisions and actions and must submit themselves to the scrutiny necessary to ensure this.
Openness - ..should act and take decisions in an open and transparent manner.
Honesty - ..should be truthful.
Leadership - ..should exhibit these principles in their own behaviour and treat others with respect.”

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Public Service values New Zealand

“Values (Ngā Mātāpono)

“Public Service values outline how New Zealand expects public servants to behave to maintain Public Service integrity.”

Impartial (Ngākau Tapatahi) - We treat all people fairly without personal favour or bias.
Accountable (Whaiwhakaaro) - We take responsibility and answer for our work, actions and decisions.
Trustworthy (Ngākau Pono) - We act with integrity and are open and transparent.

Respectful (Whakarangatira) - We treat all people with dignity and compassion and act with humility.
Responsive (Āta Whakarongo) - We understand and meet people’s needs and aspirations.

Public Service Commission. (2020). Ngā Mātāpono - Values. www.publicservice.govt.nz. New Zealand Government.

New Zealand Government. (2020). Public Service Act 2020 Subpart 4 - Public service values, minimum standards of integrity and conduct, and New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990. www.legislation.govt.nz. New Zealand Government.

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Ministry of Justice values New Zealand

“Ngā Uaratanga – Our values [earlier]

“Our Values underpin how we work together and with the health and disability sector, public service colleagues and communities.

Manaakitanga - we show care, inclusion respect, support, trust, and kindness to each other.
Kaitiakitanga - we preserve and maintain an environment that enables the Ministry and our people to thrive.
Whakapono - we have trust and faith in each other to do the right thing.
Kōkiri ngātahi - we connect and work together collectively towards a common purpose.”

“Our Ministry's values are Respect, Integrity, Service and Excellence - we refer to them as our 'RISE' values. We take pride in modelling our values and playing our part in strengthening a positive workplace culture.

Respect (Whakamana) - We value others and their contributions.
Integrity (Toka tu) - We are honest and open.
Service (Akina) - We deliver results.
Excellence (Eke panuku) - We focus on quality.

Ministry of Justice. (2024). Our Strategy 2023 - 2027. www.justice.govt.nz. New Zealand Government.

“Our values [2023-2027]

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Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE) values NZ

“Our values

“Our values guide how we work and interact with one another and with our customers and partners.

“Alongside our values, MBIE’s culture embraces a spirit of service to the community. The spirit of service is about respecting the experience of others, delivering our services to ‘grow Aotearoa New Zealand for all’ and working together (mahi tahi) with other public service agencies to achieve shared outcomes that make the biggest difference for New Zealanders.

Mahi Tahi | Better Together - by working together we will flourish and achieve greatness | Mā mahi tahi, ka ora, ka puāwai

Pae Kahurangi | Build our future - We turn our attention to the future, that’s where the opportunities lie | Ka huri taku aro ki te pae kahurangi, kei reira te oranga mōku
Māia | Bold & Brave - retain and hold fast to your mana, be bold, be brave | Tāwhia tō mana kia mau, kia māia
Pono me te Tika | Own it - Taking responsibility to commit to doing things right | Ā mātou mahi katoa, ka pono, ka tika”

Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment. (2018-23). Annual Reports 2018-2023 - Our values. www.mbie.govt.nz. New Zealand Government.

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The Coca-Cola Company USA

“Live our values

“Our values serve as a compass for our actions and describe how we behave in the world.

Leadership - the courage to shape a better future
Collaboration - leverage collective genius
Integrity - be real
Accountability - if it is to be, it's up to me
Passion - committed in heart and mind
Diversity - as inclusive as our brands
Quality - what we do, we do well”

The Coca-Cola Company. (n.d.).Mission, vision, and values. www.coca-cola.com

84 of 129

Pause to reflect & discuss

Values in your organisation?

Acknowledged, used, agreed?

Relevant or appropriate?

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Values globally

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World Values Survey - axis information

Survival / Self-expression

values

horizontal x-axis

Traditional / Secular-rational values

vertical y-axis

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Self-expression

Survival

Secular-rational

Traditional

2.0

-2.0

2.0

World Values Survey - fixed axes for valid comparison

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Self-expression

Survival

Secular-rational

Traditional

2.0

-2.0

2.0

World Values Survey Wave 5 2005-2009

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Survival

Self-expression

Secular-rational

Traditional

2.0

-2.0

World Values Survey Wave 6 2010-2014

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Self-expression

Survival

Secular-rational

Traditional

2.0

-2.0

World Values Survey Wave 7 2017-2022

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Atlas of European values - Do not want to live next door to a homosexual

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Pause to reflect & discuss

Concerning?

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A secular God

Your God for you

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A singular God

Your God is you

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Communion with a secular God is:

Unwritten, undepicted
Non-verbal
Felt
One with life, with everything, with God

A feeling for what is right, when it is right, and how it is rightly done. Everything feels right when things are done right - the right way, at the right time, in the right place, with the right people. This is godly, in the secular way.

A secular God is everything

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97 of 129

4.6 Billion Years in One Hour

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Evolution - Life on Earth is One Big Extended Family

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Communion with a secular God is:

Unwritten, non-verbal, felt.
Being one with everything.
Being a part of everything.
Being yourself.
“The Self is the embodiment of nature’s plan for us, or the will of the gods - whichever metaphor works better for you.” (Hollis, 2015)
“Service to the Self is quite the same as .. service to the will of God.” (Hollis, 2015)��Hollis, J. (2015), Finding meaning in the second half of life. Penguin Group (USA) Inc.

A secular God is everything, not a superbeing, not made up. The feeling for what is right, when, and how is godly. You are also part of God, and you can do something, you can respond, you can act.

A secular God is everything and you

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Secular priests:

Understand - observe and acknowledge.
Are reasonable, equal, true, and passionate.
Do what feels right, when it is right, how it is right.
Are in harmony with everything.
Find communion in nature, in everything.
Realise themselves.
“Your Self is seeking itself, so to speak, through the realisation of the possibilities inherent in you.” (Hollis 2015)

Understands through being reasonable, equal, true, and passionate. Does what feels right, when it is right, and how it is rightly done.

A secular priest is understanding

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Secular churches:

Are natural.
Are anywhere and everywhere.
Are in you and are you.

Secular churches are the product of anything and everything.

A secular church is everywhere

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Pause to reflect & discuss

Useful?

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I hope this has been helpful.

Farewell

God is with You

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Spare slides: Values

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Religious Core Values

FAITH in the

religion’s books/leaders

TRUE to the religion’s books

RESPECT the hierarchy of the religion

WARM to followers of the religion

UNDERSTAND the religion’s books or elders’ reading of it

SAFE to followers

=

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Ideology Core Values

BELIEF in the ideology & its leaders

TRUE to the ideology

RESPECT the hierarchy of the ideology

WARM to followers of the ideology

UNDERSTAND the ideology or leaders’ reading of it

SAFE to followers

=

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Core Values for a secular world 12:12

REASONABLE

TRUE

PASSIONATE

critical

curious

genuine

fair

rational

respectful

humble

accurate

honest

patient

considerate

thoughtful

sincere

direct

just

reliable

authentic

logical

wise

credible

acceptable

believable

tolerant

realistic

compassionate

sympathetic

trustworthy

democratic

inclusive

appreciative

EQUAL

safeguard

EXPECT accept

clinical

UNDERSTAND

“all men are created equal”

Jefferson, T. (1776). Declaration of independence.

to all

collaborative

=

driven

emotive

enthusiastic

FULFILMENT

without harm

sage

firm

confident

A good leader leads not by command or by position in a hierarchy, but by their proposals being freely accepted because their proposals are reasonable, equal, honest, and warm.

“to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.”

Mandela, N. (2010). Conversations with myself. Picador.

‘LEADING DEMANDS STRENGTH AND WARMTH’

Neffinger, J & Kohut, M., (2014) Compelling people - The hidden qualities that makes us influential.

Communicate non-verbally

Dr. Mehrabian studied how the mind determines meaning in the communication of feelings and attitudes: he concluded that their interpretation is 7 percent from the words said, 38 percent from how the words are said, and 55 percent from visual cues in facial expression. We may conclude that the communication of feelings and attitudes does not need words. So, be aware of non-verbal communication.

Mehrabian, A., & Ferris, S. R. (1967). Inference of attitudes from nonverbal communication in two channels. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31(3), 248–252.

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Comparison

Company Name

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Competitive Service

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Heading

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Title

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Title

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Section divider

My subtitle

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Passionate

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Passionate

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True

N

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Reasonable

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Equal

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Understanding

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