����Pak-Uganda Relations�&�Conflict in South Asia

PREPARED BY �HIGH COMMISSION OF PAKISTAN KAMPALA�27 OCTOBER, 2025

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�Pakistan: Interesting Facts�

• The fifth largest population (240 million people) in 2024
• Area: 882,000 Sq.km, greater then France and UK together
• Home to the second highest mountain K2
• World's largest deep sea port, Gwadar, Pakistan
• Sialkot City produces over half the world’s footballs
• The official footballs in the last three FIFA World Cups were made in Pakistan.
• World’s second largest salt mines (Khewra Mines)
• The world's famous pink Himalayan salt is also mined in Pakistan.
• Low-cost Heavy/Complex Industries especially Agriculture in Pakistan

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Pakistan's Global Ranking

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• 5^th largest cotton producer in the world

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• 5^th largest sugarcane producer in the world.

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• Pakistan is the 7^th largest wheat producer in the world

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• 10^th largest rice producer in the world

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Pak-Uganda Relations

• No negativity in bilateral Relations
• Pakistan and Uganda support each other at regional and international fora
• Uganda member of OIC during 2^nd OIC Summit held in Pakistan, 1974
• No high-level visit except President Laghari visit to Uganda in 1996
• Gen. Muhoozi Kainerugaba Participated in Defence Exhibition in Karachi in 2022
• Foreign Minister Jeje Odongo Abubakar visited Pakistan in 2022
• 3^rd Deputy PM Nakadama Isanga visited Pakistan, 2022 and 2023
• Pakistan Foreign Minister participated in NAM and South Summits in Kampala in January 2024

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Pak-Uganda Relations

• A group of 13 experts from Govt. side visited Pakistan in March 2024 to study social uplift Programme for the poor
• A 20-member high level delegation of bureaucrats of various ministries/departments visited to Pakistan in October, 2025.
• Barrister Aqeel Malik, Minister of State (MoS) for Law and Justice participated in the Annual 63^rd Session of Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) held in Kampala from 8 to 12 September, 2025. 

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Pak-Uganda Trade Relations

• Bilateral Trade;

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Pak-Uganda Trade Relations

• Import from Uganda

Tea, organic cotton, pulses, beans, animal skin

• Export to Uganda

Textile and products, Medicine and medical equipment, Rice , others

• Pak. extends training: diplomacy, medicine, engineering, banking, Railways, Education
• Visa
• Free
• Visa prior to arrival : https://visa.nadra.gov.pk/

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Pak-Uganda Trade Relations

• Pakistan is a Huge Market for Ugandan Tea, cotton, pulses, beans, vegetable oil etc.
• 50% East Africa Tea is imported by Pakistan
• If one Pakistani uses one Ugandan tea-bag per day; 240 million tea bags
• Half population will use 120 million of tea bags per day
• Price of One Kg Ugandan tea in Pakistan is economical than in Uganda. Why??
• value additions

�Pakistan: Low Cost Country�

• Quality Educations
• University Cost ……… between US$ 3000-4000 per year

Including lodging and three times meal

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• Quality Medical treatment

Patients from Gulf, Europe, America, Africa and East Asia

• Tooth Root canal Cost…..around US$ 80
• Islamabad, Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar…..Big Cancer Hospitals
• Provides free Cancer treatment
• Shuakat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Lahore

2022…….14,900 Patients

2023……..15,600 Patients

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Pakistani Diaspora in Uganda

• Pakistan Diaspora in Uganda; thousands of investors

Provide thousands of jobs to hosts, pay taxes and philanthropic activities

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• Donation of Ambulances, provision of safe drinking water, free medical camps,

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• Free Eye Hospital Ntinda, for cataract surgeries, free consultation and medicine, and training of health officials

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What Next

• Uganda: land of opportunity
• Benefit from each other
• Investment
• Bilateral exchange of visits

Conflicts in South Asia

List of Countries in South Asia & Population

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1. India ----------1.451 billion
2. Pakistan-------251.3 million
3. Bangladesh---175.7 million
4. Nepal----------29.65 million
5. Afghanistan--42.65 million
6. Sri Lanka-----21.92 million
7. Bhutan--------791524
8. Maldives------527,799

What comes to Your Mind

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when you hear South Asia

Sequence

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• British Colonial Era in South Asia (1857-1947)
• Formula of Partition (by last Viceroy Lord Mountbatten)
• Partition of British India (August 1947)
• Disputes in South Asia started with Kashmir
• Kashmir at the United Nations
• Right to Self-determination/Plebiscite
• Repercussions

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British Colonial Era in South Asia (1857-1947)�

• Very painful era
• Exploitation of South Asia by outsiders
• Sowed the seed of animosity among people of SA
• Hasty withdrawal and unjust division

Formula of Partition (Lord Mountbatten)

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• British India was to be divided between India and Pakistan.

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• Hindu majority states to join India.

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• Muslim Majority states to join Pakistan.

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• There were 562 states constituting the British India Colony.

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• Some states wanted to remain Independent, but India militarily annexed it.

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• State of Jammu & Kashmir was different.

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• Muslim majority State with 75% Muslims

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Partition of British India

• Pakistan------- 14^th August, 1947
• India------------15^th August, 1947

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Disputes in South Asia (Kashmir)

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• Jammu and Kashmir was to Join Pakistan as per Partition Plan.

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• Indian Army invaded Jammu and Kashmir in October, 1947.

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• The invasion was in total disregard to the Partition Plan.

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• Unfortunately, the Hindu ruler of the territory in connivance with the India leadership announced its provisional accession to India under a controversial Instrument of Accession.

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• Renowned British historian, Alistair Lamb, after an in in-depth study arrived at the conclusion that the document of accession, which India used to produce at the earlier stage, was tampered with.

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• People of Jammu & Kashmir revolted against this controversial accession to India.

Kashmir at the United Nations

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• India took the matter to UN (January 1948).

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• UN passed a resolution (47)

• Accordingly, UN approved a ceasefire, demarcation of the ceasefire line, demilitarization of the state and a free and impartial plebiscite to be conducted under the supervision of the UN.

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• Both Pakistan and India accepted it but India has not allowed it to happen till now.

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• The UN Security Council through its successive resolutions nullified Indian occupation of Kashmir declaring it a disputed territory.

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• Currently, 139,000 sq km area of Jammu and Kashmir remains with India.

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• Only, 83,800 Sq. Km territory is free, called Azad (Free) Jammu & Kashmir.

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Right to Self-determination/Plebiscite

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• The Kashmiris now struggle for their inalienable right to self-determination that is blocked by India.
• Pakistan extends support to people of J&K diplomatically, politically and morally.
• Kashmir still remains an unresolved dispute at the UN agenda.
• In 1992, the Struggle became violent/armed.
• India deployed 700,000 troops in Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir(IIOJK).
• India wants demographic Change in IIOJK and then plebiscite……not acceptable to Pakistan

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Repercussions

• India several times larger than Pakistan.

• Both are Nuclear Armed Countries.

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• Any incident can trigger a catastrophe

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• We have just avoided a large scale conflict.

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1. Pulwama Incident----------February 2019

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• It was an Indian False Flag drama.

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• Killing of 40 Indian troops.

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• Abrogation of Article 370 (granting Special Status to J&K) of the Indian Constitution.

• Indian Air Aggression against Pakistan.

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• Pakistan relaitaed and shoot down two Indian fighter jets.

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• Release of captured of Indian Air Force Wing Commander Abhinandan by Pakistan.  

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ii. Pahalgam Incident------------22^nd April, 2025

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• Leading to the killing of 26 people in IIOJK.

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• Pakistan condemned it and offered condolences to the victims’ families.

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• Indian accused Pakistan without investigation.

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• Pakistan offered impartial and independent investigation; India rejected.

• India started aggression against Pakistan, using aircraft fighters, drones and missiles.

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• Pakistan retaliated calculatedly in kind—result,

Six (6) Indian jets downed

S400 Defence system destroyed

Entire India air fleet grounded for 2 days.

• Ceasefire– by friendly countries and President Donald Trump

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What Next

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• Resolution of Kashmir as per UN Resolutions.

(Give Kashmiris chance for self-determination)

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������Thank You��Questions and Answers�