DECENTRALISED PLANNING

DECENTRALIZED PLANNING: �MEANING AND CONCEPT

• Decentralised planning is a strategy suggested over a period of time to prepare perspective development plan from the lowest unit of governance and administration with an objective of meeting the felt needs of all sections and all regions of a country with vast variations in terms of socio economic conditions and wider cultural diversity.

DECENTRALIZED PLANNING: �MEANING AND CONCEPT

• According to Hanumantha Rao, decentralization through the involvement of local level representatives institutions in the formulation of planning for development as well as their implementation is being advocated in the interest of efficient utilization of resources and for ensuring more equitable sharing of benefits from development.

DECENTRALIZED PLANNING: �MEANING AND CONCEPT

• Acc to Arvind Kumar, decentralization is referred to as a process of sharing of powers by the central ruling groups with other groups, each having authority within the specific area or the state

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DECENTRALIZED PLANNING: �MEANING AND CONCEPT

• Decentralised planning ensures participation of people in local development.
• It is also call as Multilevel planning, planning from below, decentralised planning, peoples planning, participatory planning, district level planning, integrated district planning and planning at the grassroots

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Classification Of Decentralised Planning�

1) Political Decentralisation

• This form of decentralisation is commonly used in many countries and states as well. Through this mode, local governmental agencies, with the partnership of citizens, make beneficial decisions. 
• In India, most governmental agencies often neglect the rural areas due to a lack of manpower. With the implementation of Panchayat raj in these states, the villages, blocks, and other regions garner governmental support. 

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Classification Of Decentralised Planning�

• 1)Political Decentralisation
• Having greater participation involving the local residents ensures that the society benefits. Local agencies’ decisions tend to play a better role than those made by national political authorities. 
• They satisfy the needs and the requirements of the constituencies. It requires the development of a few statutory reforms and the development of legislatures. There can also be the creation of local governmental agencies with the help of local political blocks. 

Classification Of Decentralised Planning�

2) Administrative Decentralisation

• They are in charge of distributing the financial and offering public services for the public under their jurisdiction. They deal with the financing, planning, and management of public work. 

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 1) Spatial level specific requirements and needs of the people will be met through the decentralised planning;
• 2) Efficiently resources will be utilized and wastages could be reduced and thereby the gap between the supply and demand can be narrowed down;

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 3 Greater sustainability can be achieved through the decentralised planning;

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• 4) Decentralised planning is cost effective as solutions are found out locally with the involvement of the stakeholders;

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 5) Elite capture of the programmes will be eliminated; 6) Corruption in Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation programmes can be reduced;

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 7) Poor can emerge from livelihood to achieve economic development;
• 8) Poor can build vision for their development;

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• 9) Resources and skills available locally will be utilized profitably for the advantage of the stakeholders;

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 10 Natural resources will be protected preserved and nurtured;
• 11) People capacity will be enhanced;

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• 12) Possibility for matching the needs of the people and schemes of the governments;
• 13) People’s felt need will be met;

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Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 14) It will bridge the gap between people and bureaucracy and thereby government is brought closer to the people;
• 15) Regional imbalance will be reduced;

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• 16) People’s talents will emerge and they will be utilized for community development;

Merits of Decentralised Planning

• 17) Productivity will be increased; 18) Development will be made people centric; 19) Greater mobilization of resources internally; and 20) Partnership will be achieved between the people and development agencies.

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PRINCIPLES OF DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• Principle of Functional Clarity
• Principle of Financial Availability and Autonomy
• Principle of Decentralised Administration
• Principle of Public Participation
• Principle of Integration

GOALS OF DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• Economic Development
• Social Justice
• Welfare
• Environmental Protection
• Coordination
• People’s Involvement

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ACTIONS AND WAYS NEEDED FOR DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• a) There should be an organic linkage among the three layers of planning units namely District Planning Committee, State Planning Commission and Central Planning Commission.
• b) Planning units must be created at different levels of governance down below the District and District Planning Committee is only the integrating and consolidating unit.

ACTIONS AND WAYS NEEDED FOR DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• c) Data generation mechanism, data updation and data validation process have to be done at all levels up to the level of the District Administration.

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• d) Capacity Building for the Elected Representatives and the officials involved in planning has to be conducted periodically.

ACTIONS AND WAYS NEEDED FOR DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• e) Enabling information flow from the lowest unit to the highest unit of planning and vise versa has to be done.
• f) Planning machinery has to be created at every level where planning executive is done.
• g) Decentralised planning module has to be prepared and it is to be followed at every level.

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WAYS OF PRACTISING DECENTRALIZED PLANNING

• To generate data from the field
• To conduct PRA exercise for prioritizing the activities based on the needs of the people.
• To draft the plan document
• To organize development seminar at the grassroots level
• To Mobilise people for participation in plan preparation 56 Urban Reforms
• To train Local Body Leaders and Functionaries in Decentralised plan preparation
• To implement the plan activities
• To monitor the implementation of the planned activities
• To evaluate the plan activities through social audit.

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