Lathes and Turning Operations
What is a Lathe?
Types of Lathes
Jewelers’ Lathe
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Screw Cutting Lathe
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Henry Maudslay’s Screw Cutting Lathe (Ca 1780)
Engine Lathe
Turret & Capstan Lathes
Automatic Lathe/Screw Machine
These are examples of hard automation.
The motion and timings come from cams, gearing and linkages.
No. 2 Brown & Sharpe Automatic Lathe (1923)
Automatic Lathe or Screw Machine
Videos:
Vertical Lathe
CNC Lathe
Computer Numerical Control
Swiss Lathe
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Swiss Lathe - In Detail
Live (Driven) Tooling
Major Lathe Components
See this version for a better look
Some lathes have separate components that act as feed rod or leadscrew (discussed later)
Bed
Gap Bed Lathe
Has a "larger" swing size
Slant Bed Lathe
Carriage Components
Headstock Components
Speed Controls
Feed Controls
Feedrod, Rack & Pinion
Half-Nut & Leadscrew
Lathe Test Preview
Lathe Workholding
Spindle Nose
Work Holding
Chucks & Centers
6-Jaw chucks are available
Scroll Chuck
Image by Pierre P. http://grabcad.com/pierre.p-1
Used by permission.
Workholding - Collets
Collets
Turning Between Centers
Turning Between Centers
Lathe Dog
Faceplates
Steady Rest & Follow Rest
Lathe Workholding Videos
Straight Turning (Right Hand)
Tapers
Model: BT40 (Kennametal BTKV40HCTHT32082M)
Morse Taper
Taper Turning
Standard Tapers (Brown and Sharpe, Morse, Jacobs etc.)
Three Ways
Taper
Turning
Tapering
Attachment
Sometimes called “forming”
Form Turning ("forming")
Knurling (see ANSI B94.6 or MH)
Knurls are designed as
Circular Pitch or
Diametral Pitch
Blank diameter is calculated based on the pitch.
See this KNURLING HANDBOOK (I have a copy on file if the link breaks) Also Dorian Knurling Handbook
Cut vs. Formed Knurls
Knurls can be made by forming in ductile materials, or they can be cut where necessary.
Turning Operations
Straight Turning (right hand, left hand)�Turning between centers�Facing�Grooving (Necking) & Parting�Chamfering�Taper and Contour Turning�Forming�Boring�Drilling�Reaming�Threading�Tapping�Knurling
Lathe Tooling and Toolholders
Toolposts
Lantern Style Toolpost
Manual Turret Style Toolpost
Tools and Toolholders
Quick Change Toolpost
Specifying Lathes
Horsepower�Swing - maximum diameter that can be rotated on the lathe
2x’s distance from spindle centerline to ways
Beware of gap-bed lathes
Maximum distance between centers�Spindle Bore
Review & More Detail...
The Engine Lathe
Engine Lathe Accessories