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Exploring the Effects of Future Technologies on C2 Capability

Jonas Herkevall*, Magdalena Granåsen, Gustav Tolt & Björn JE Johansson

Startbild med låst stillebenbild. Finns 10 olika varianter i mallen.

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Emerging Tech

& C2 Concepts

Current C2

Future C2

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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Framework

A

A

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NATO CD&E Process

Initiation

Research

Development

Refinement & Validation

Approval

Exploratory

Hypothesis testing

Validation

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Project focus

Initiation

Explore issues

Identify opportunities

Initiation

Explore issues

Identify opportunities

A

A

Research

Development

Refinement & Validation

Approval

Exploratory

Hypothesis testing

Validation

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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Identifying technologies

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Technology card set

4 Prerequisites

4 Prerequisites

4 Prerequisites

4 Prerequisites

6 possible capabilities

6 possible capabilities

6 possible capabilities

6 possible capabilities

6 possible capabilities

6 possible capabilities

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[Category] [Technology Card Name ] [#]

[Technology description]

Echelon (circle all relevant):

Combat level – Lower tactical– Higher tactical– Joint – Strategic

Application (Give examples):

Added value (1 = none, 5 = game changer)

1 2 3 4 5

[Image]

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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Follow-up and evaluation Automated data analysis 6

The technology card covers support for discovery of events and anomalies in large sets of sensor data otherwise easily overseen by human operators. Indications of deviations from expected development can be detected early, e.g., unexpected or recurring activities.

The technology combines multiple types of detection and analysis functions including the identification and following of units through advanced IMINT/SIGINT functions. Results are evaluated against specified assumptions about the opponents goals and possible actions, for example, based on terrain analysis (MGI). Anomalies among own forces (e.g., combat value based on IoBT data) can be detected and analyzed.

Analysis is based on sensory data from all domains and ”stridskrafter”. Analytical capability is continuously improved and adapted through self-learning AI.

Powerful AI-based language models provides situationally adapted data mining from both written reports and radio communications.

Echelons (circle all relevant):

Combat level – Lower tactical– Higher tactical– Joint – Strategic

Application (give examples):

Added values (1 = none, 5 = game changer)

1 2 3 4 5

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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Doctrine

Methods

Organization

Personnel

Command posts

  1. Philosophy

1. Directives

1. HQ size

1. Training needs

1. Geographical distribution

Trust vs Control

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Bottom-up vs Top-down

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Smaller vs Larger

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Low vs High

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Distributed vs Co-located

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

2. Information dissemination (attitude)

2. Decision making pace

2. Adaptability of HQ organization

2. HQ composition

2. Mobility

Broad vs Directed

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Slower vs Faster

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Low vs High

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Experts vs Generalists

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Fixed vs Moveable

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

3. Mandates

3. HQ structure

3. Role of commander

Human vs Technology

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

On demand vs Fixed

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Directing vs Monitoring

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Technology cards impact on C2 concerning…

Additional technical requirements/other:

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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Participants

2 staff members

Land

command

8 participants

C2 Battle

School

8 staff members

Joint forces command

15 staff members

Brigade

HQ

4 cadets (2nd year)

6 teachers

Defence

University

Military

Academy

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Setup & procedure

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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[Category] [Technology Card Name ] [#]

[Technology description]

Echelon (circle all relevant):

Combat level – Lower tactical– Higher tactical– Joint – Strategic

Application (Give examples):

Added value (1 = none, 5 = game changer)

1 2 3 4 5

[Image]

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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T5 Internet of Battlefield Things

Echelons

L1 Combat level

L2 Lo tactical

L3 Hi tactical

L4 Joint

L5 Strategic

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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T6 Automated data analysis

Echelons

L1 Combat level

L2 Lo tactical

L3 Hi tactical

L4 Joint

L5 Strategic

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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Doctrine

Methods

Organization

Personnel

Command posts

  1. Philosophy

1. Directives

1. HQ size

1. Training needs

1. Geographical distribution

Trust vs Control

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Bottom-up vs Top-down

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Smaller vs Larger

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Low vs High

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Distributed vs Co-located

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

2. Information dissemination (attitude)

2. Decision making pace

2. Adaptability of HQ organization

2. HQ composition

2. Mobility

Broad vs Directed

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Slower vs Faster

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Low vs High

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Experts vs Generalists

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Fixed vs Moveable

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

3. Mandates

3. HQ structure

3. Role of commander

Human vs Technology

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

On demand vs Fixed

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Directing vs Monitoring

🡨-------------------------------------------🡪

Technology cards impact on C2 concerning…

Additional technical requirements/other:

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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T5 IoBT

D1 Trust 🡨🡪 Control

D2 Broad 🡨🡪 Directed

Helsidesfoto med svart logotyp. Används till foton med ljus bakgrund.

Byt bild så här: Högerklicka på bilden, välj ”Formatera bakgrund”, välj ”Bild eller struktur”, klicka på ”Bild från fil” och välj sen det foto du vill använda.

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Group discussions

What

    • Concerns & challenges
    • Opportunities & excitements
    • Familiarity of technologies

Why

    • Effectiveness
    • Values & tradition
    • Understanding

How

    • Demonstrations
    • Formats & development
    • Recruitment

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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Emerging Tech

& C2 Concepts

Current C2

Future C2

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Evaluation

Simple, fast & effective

Tech as scenarios

Recruitment

Format

Understandability

Add paper prototypes?

Content & execution

Formalized steps in assessment?

No. of participants

Analysis

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Agenda

Methodological Framework

Procedure

Method

Development

Analysis

Evaluation

Questions

Intro

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Questions?

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Prerequisites

Military Geographical Information

Wide area connectivity

Data availability

The future adversary

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C2 technologies

Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT)

Automated data analysis

Advanced decision support

Joint Fires

Digital interfaces towards information

Digital meetings