Church History, Part 6

Servants Preparation Curriculum

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

1

Church History, Part 6 – Pope Timothy the 1^st and Refutation of Macedonius Hersey

Objectives:

1. To continue in our study of the prominent Coptic Popes
2. To acknowledge and refute Macedonius’ heresy
3. To honor some of the famous martyrs during this time

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

2

Pope Peter the 2^nd – The 21^st Pope

• He was enthroned Pope from May 373 - February 379 AD
• He was a disciple of St. Athanasius who designated him as his successor before his death
• He was a zealous opponent of Arianism
• Emperor Valens drove him from Alexandria and replaced him with Lucius, an Arianism-supporting Bishop
• Pope Peter the 2^nd went to Rome where Pope Damasus I received him and gave him support against the Arians
• Pope Peter the 2^nd returned to Alexandria where Lucius yielded out of fear of the people

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

3

Pope Timothy the 1^st – The 22^nd Pope�( 379- 385 AD)

• He was a disciple of St. Athanasius
• He defended Pope Athanasius against the accusation of sexual assault by pretending to be St. Athanasius in front of the woman who accused him and thus he saved his teacher

​

• He led the Coptic Church in The Council of Constantinople in 381 AD against Macedonius’ heresy

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

4

Church History, Part 6 – Pope Timothy the 1^st and Refutation of Macedonius Hersey

Objectives:

1. To continue in our study of the prominent Coptic Popes
2. To acknowledge and refute Macedonius’ heresy
3. To honor some of the famous martyrs during this time

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

5

Macedonius / Maximus

• He was The Bishop of Constantinople/Turkey
• He denied The Divinity of The Holy Spirit, thinking He was created by The Son and unequal to The Father or Son
• The Council of Constantinople in 381 AD had 150 bishops
• They excommunicated Macedonius
• The Council of Constantinople added the second part of the creed: “Yes, we believe in The Holy Spirit, the LORD the Life-Giver, who Proceeds from The Father”

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

6

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

7

Macedonius’ Heresy

• Macedonius used these verses:

“However, when He, the Spirit of truth, has come, He will guide you into all truth; for He will not speak on His own authority, but whatever He hears He will speak; and He will tell you things to come” (John 16:13)

“He will glorify Me, for He will take of what is Mine and declare it to you” (John 16:14)

​

• Macedonius further said:
• The Holy Spirit was created by The Son
• The Holy Spirit is less than The Son
• The Holy Spirit did not exist in The Old Testament

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

8

Refutation - Macedonius’ Heresy

1) The Holy Spirit is The Spirit of God

• God will always have His Spirit to Exist; otherwise, He will not exist

​

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

9

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

2) The Holy Spirit Exists From The Beginning

​

“And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters” (Genesis 1:2)

​

​

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

10

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

3) The Holy Spirit Is Present Everywhere /Omnipresent

​

​

“Where can I go from Your Spirit? Or where can I flee from Your presence? If I ascend into heaven, You are there; If I make my bed in hell, behold, You are there. If I take the wings of the morning, And dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea, Even there Your hand shall lead me, And Your right hand shall hold me” (Psalm 139:7-10)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

11

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

4) The Holy Spirit Is The Creator

​

​

“The Spirit of God has made me, And the breath of the Almighty gives me life” (Job 33:4)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

12

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

5) The Holy Spirit Exists in The Old Testament and Does Not Decrease by Extension to Others

​

“Then I will come down and talk with you there. I will take of the Spirit that is upon you and will put the same upon them; and they shall bear the burden of the people with you, that you may not bear it yourself alone” (Numbers 11:17)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

13

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

6) The Holy Spirit worked with the Jewish Judges / leaders

​

• The Holy Spirit Gave Power to Samson:

“And the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and he tore the lion apart as one would have torn apart a young goat, though he had nothing in his hand. But he did not tell his father or his mother what he had done” (Judges 14:6)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

14

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

7) The Holy Spirit Ordained Kings in The Old Testament:

• Saul was Ordained by Samuel the Prophet ( 1 Samuel 9)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

15

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

8) The Holy Spirit Came Upon King Saul and he prophesized

​

“Then Saul sent messengers to take David. And when they saw the group of prophets prophesying, and Samuel standing as leader over them, the Spirit of God came upon the messengers of Saul, and they also prophesied” (1 Samuel 19:20)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

16

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

9) The Holy Spirit Ordained Kings in The Old Testament:

​

• Samuel Ordained David a King

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

17

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

10) The Holy Spirit Ordained Priests in The Old Testament:

​

• Moses anointed Arron as The High Priest

​

• Moses anointed Arron’s sons as priests

​

• Leviticus 8: 12

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

18

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

11) The Holy Spirit Anointed Prophets in The Old Testament

​

“The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound” (Isaiah 61:1)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

19

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

12) The Holy Spirit Sent The Apostles in The New Testament

​

“Now separate to Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them” (Acts 13:2)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

20

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

13) The Holy Spirit Judged Ananias and Sapphira

​

“How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord?” (Acts 5:9)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

21

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

13) The Holy Spirit Judged Ananias and Sapphira Cont.

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

22

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

13) The Holy Spirit Judged Ananias and Sapphira Cont.

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

23

“You have not lied to men but to God” (Acts 5:1-10)

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

14) The Holy Spirit Teaches and Inspires to Preach

​

Jesus said to his disciples

“Do not worry about how or what you should answer, or what you should say. For the Holy Spirit will teach you in that very hour what you ought to say” (Luke 12:11-12)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

24

Refuted - Macedonius’ Heresy Cont.

15) The Holy Spirit Teaches and Inspires to Preach

​

“But if the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, He who raised Christ from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through His Spirit who dwells in you” (Romans 8:11)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

25

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope

• He was born to a non-Christian family
• He had a sister, and they became orphans
• The maid took them to a temple to worship and when they walked in the idols fell; so, she was afraid and ran away to Alexandria to Pope Athanasius
• There, Pope Athanasius baptized them and took care of the boy until he grew up to be his disciple and later Pope Theophilus
• Later, his sister, married and had a boy (Kyrillos) who became Pope Kyrillos, the 24^th Pope

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

26

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

27

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

The first half of his life -

​

• He destroyed temple of Bacchus, The Roman God of Wine
• He destroyed the temple of Serapeum in Alexandria
• He built many great churches
• He built the Muharaq Monastery in Asyut, Egypt
• He was the first one to name the Egyptian Church as a Coptic Church
• He ordained St. John Chrysostom (Golden-Mouthed) a Bishop in Constantinople / Turkey

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

28

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

The Temple of Bacchus, The Roman God of Wine

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

29

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

The Muharaq Monastery

The last stop of The Holy Family in Egypt

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

30

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

The second half of his life -

• He had a dispute with the 4 tall brothers (monks - near Port Saied) because of their belief in Origen’s teachings
• They fled to St. Isidore The Priest of The Scetics
• The Pope excommunicated them and St. Isidore - who was a spiritual father of thousands of monks
• They resorted to St. John Chrysostom in Constantinople which upset The Pope and so he excommunicated him as well
• Later, he regretted his disagreement with Chrysostom and forgave the 4 tall brothers (monks)
• He set a law to get the approval of the congregation before ordaining a new priest

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

31

Pope Theophilus, The 23^rd Pope Cont.

• He had his own strengths and weakness in his life
• He had a great impact on many lives
• He built many churches and The Muharaq Monastery
• He gave the Coptic Church its name
• He set a law to get the approval of the congregation before ordaining a new priest
• The Coptic Church recites his name in The Commemoration of The Saints

​

• Any servant can be like him
• Meditate on how your ministry will affect others!

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

32

St. John Chrysostom, The Golden-Mouthed

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

33

Church History, Part 6 – Pope Timothy the 1^st and Refutation of Macedonius Hersey

Objectives:

1. To continue in our study of the prominent Coptic Popes
2. To acknowledge and refute Macedonius’ heresy
3. To honor some of the famous martyrs during this time

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

34

Persecution

• Diocletian reigned from Nov 20^th 284 – May 1st 305 AD

​

• He went from a poor family to the highest rank in the army and then he became the emperor of the entire kingdom
• He persecuted the Christians all over the world
• At the end of his life, he had psychological issues and abdicated the throne and lived as a Gardner
• The Church uses his enthronement date as The Beginning of The Coptic Calendar - 284 AD

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

35

Persecution

• Diocletian reigned from Nov 20^th 284 – May 1st 305 AD

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

36

St. Mina

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

37

St. Demiana

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

38

St. Catherine’s Monastery in Sinai

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

39

Church History, Part 6 – Pope Timothy the 1^st and Refutation of Macedonius Hersey

Objectives:

1. To continue in our study of the prominent Coptic Popes
2. To acknowledge and refute Macedonius’ heresy
3. To honor some of the famous martyrs during this time

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

40

Review Quiz

1. Which Pope led The Council of Constantinople in 381 AD?
2. Which pope built The Muharaq Monastery?
3. Which Pope ordained and later excommunicated St. John Chrysostom?
4. Who are the famous martyrs during this time?
5. List 5 proofs to refute Macedonius’ Hersey

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

41

Memorization Verses

1. “But the anointing which you have received from Him abides in you, and you do not need that anyone teach you; but as the same anointing teaches you concerning all things, and is true, and is not a lie, and just as it has taught you, you will abide in Him” (1 John 2:27)

​

• “But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all things that I said to you.” (John 14: 26)

​

• “But when the Helper comes, whom I shall send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father, He will testify of Me” (John 15:26)

Lecture 53, Servants Preparation Curriculum

42