Week 33

3/25-3/29

Agenda 3/25

• Alu Gel Electrophoresis - use 1X TAE!
• Add 5 μL Loading Dye to each PCR tube
• Finger-flick to mix, centrifuge briefly
• Pipet 15 μL of sample, 10 μL of Marker (M)
• I will give you + and - control, put 15 μL of these next to M, then add your samples
• 135 V, 45 minutes
• Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Notes
• Alu Data Analysis/Conclusion - image before leaving

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences

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Five conditions are required in order for a population to remain at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:

• A large breeding population,
• Random mating,
• No change in allele frequency due to mutation,
• No immigration or emigration, and
• No natural selection.

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ALL must be met for a population to be in equilibrium!

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When these conditions are met, you can use the following equation to calculate genotype and allelic frequencies

1 = p² + 2pq + q² AND p + q = 1

p = allele one frequency (in a decimal) +

q = allele two frequency (in a decimal) -

p² = homozygous dominant genotype frequency +/+

2pq = heterozygous genotype frequency +/-

q² = homozygous recessive genotype frequency -/-

Practice

The frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (-/-) in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is 0.36. What is the homozygous dominant genotype frequency?

q² = 0.36 q = 0.6 p + q = 1

Therefore: 1 - 0.6 = p = 0.4

p² = 0.4² = 0.16

Agenda 3/27

• Finish Alu Data Analysis/Conclusion
• Hardy-Weinberg Review
• Unit 5 Assessment Review

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HW - Unit 5 Assessment Wednesday, 4/10

Agenda 3/29 - Minimum Day

• Unit 5 Assessment Review