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Unit 7�Graphical Detailing in Construction

Dr Adewale Abimbola, FHEA, GMICE.

www.edulibrary.co.uk

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Aim & Objectives

Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

Identify and define the different types of lines.

Explain the use of the different types of line.

AIM

  • Drawing Convention - Line

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Drawing Convention - Line

Figure 1. Alphabet of lines (Littlefield, 2012).

Introduction

  • Drawings serve as a language for the construction industry.
  • The basis for any language is its alphabet. The English language uses an alphabet made up of twenty-six letters.
  • Construction drawings use an alphabet of lines.

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Drawing Convention - Line

Introduction

  • The weight or thickness of lines is sometimes varied to show their relative importance.
  • For example, in the elevation figure below, notice that the basic outline of the building is heavier than the windows and doors. This difference in line weight sometimes helps distinguish the basic shape of an object from surface details.

Figure 2. Building elevation (Littlefield, 2012).

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Drawing lines - Types

Figure 3. Types of drawing lines (Pearson, 2017).

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Drawing lines - Types

Figure 4. Types of drawing lines (Pearson, 2017).

Title block layout

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Abbreviations

  • These are a short way of writing a word or group of words. They allow maximum information to be included in a concise way.
  • Here are some abbreviations commonly used in the building industry.

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  • Aggregate agg
  • Air brick AB
  • Aluminium al
  • Asbestos abs
  • Asbestos cement absct
  • Asphalt asph
  • Bitumen bit
  • Boarding bdg
  • Brickwork bwk
  • Building bldg
  • Cast iron CI
  • Cement ct
  • Column col
  • Concrete conc
  • Cupboard cpd
  • Damp proof course DPC
  • Damp-proof membrane DPM
  • Discharge pipe DP
  • Drawing dwg
  • Foundation fdn

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Abbreviations

  • Glazed pipe GP
  • Hardcore hc
  • Hardboard hdbd
  • Hardwood hwd
  • Inspection chamber IC
  • Insulation insul
  • Invert inv
  • Joist jst
  • Mild steel MS
  • Pitch fibre PF
  • Plasterboard pbd
  • Polyvinylchloride PVC
  • Rainwater head RWH
  • Rainwater pipe RWP
  • Reinforced concrete RC
  • Foul sewers FS
  • Sewers surface water SSW
  • Softwood swd
  • Tongue and groove T & G
  • Unglazed pipe UGP
  • Vent pipe VP
  • Wrought iron WI

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Drawing Convention - Hatchings

Figure 5. Cross-hatching patterns (Pearson, 2017).

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Symbols for Constructional Features

Figure 6. Symbols for constructional features (Pearson, 2017).

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Self-assessment Task

  • Produce a borderline and title block layout.

(Hint: Use the title block layout shown on the RHS.)

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References

Littlefield, D. (2012) Metric handbook: planning and design data. 4th edn. London: Architectural Press.

Pearson (2017) BTEC national construction student book. London: Pearson.

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