Analysis of the Golden Jackal group structure using sonograms, and aspects of interannual dynamics of the species in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve
THIRD NATIONAL GOLDEN JACKAL (Canis aureus, L.1758) COLLOQUIUM IN ROMANIA
“Monitoring, Population Ecology, and Legal Framework”
Ovidiu C. Banea & Török Boglárka
Crispus NGO Sibiu Romania
Institutul de Cercetari Biologice - UBB
Canis aureus moreoticus,
I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1836
ROMÂNIA
Mențiune în Descriptio Moldaviae, Dimitrie Cantemir
Bătrânul vânător Ioniță Buică ne-a marturisit ca "Hilacul este un animal care nu este nici lup, nici vulpe: urlă ca lupul, dar are culoarea vulpii. Eu am puscat un hilac cand eram flăcău, cam pe la 1905. De atunci nimeni n-a mai vazut hilaci pe la noi". (Ion Nania, 1991)
2014 Serbia
LDD
În România
1929
Prima documentare oficială Ghidici, Dolj (Călinescu 1931)
1954
Focșani (est)
1970
Berveni (vest)
1980
Șacalii au început să reapară în Dobrogea (Angelescu 2004)
1984
Sudestul Dobrogei populații stabile Almășan (1995) și Murariu & Munteanu (2005)
40 years of NATURAL COLONIZATION
Distributia sacalului auriu in Romania, sursa MMEDIU/ Golden Jackal at GMU level 2023
Banea OC & S Chiriac 2024
Golden Jackal
versus
Red Fox
in Romania
LOCOREGIONAL
Jackals in Danube Delta
2023
Anubis
Azimut
Orizont
2024
Sfiștofca
Alfabetul
Delta Challenge
2025
Acustic 40
Glasul Auriu
Trei Ecouri
Study Area 2023: 434,33 km2 (43.433ha)
9,57% of ROSCI 0065 Delta Dunării și Complexul Razim-Sinoe (4536,45 km2).
Transects of 16-25 km long; BAM in 72 STATIONS
80 de grupuri teritoriale (240-400 de indivizi din specia de șacal auriu)
A1 Lupilor: 1,44 GT / 10 km2
A2 Crișan: 2,3 GT / 10 km2
A3 Sulimanca: 2,65 GT / 10 km2, without village Letea: 1,91 TG / 10km2 = NEW CONTROL AREA
A4 Chilia: 1,41 GT / 10 km2.
A5 Murighiol, 3,2 GT / 10 km2
A7 Partizani, 0,78 GT / 10 km2
A8 Ceatalchioi, 2,45 GT / 10 km2
A11 Sfiștofca, 2,02 GT / 10 km2
A12 Sărături, 1,57 GT / 10 km2
Estimations for Danube Delta (3-5 individuals / TG Spring-Winter)
2011: 1,93 TG / 10 km2 875 GT 2625-4375 / 4536 km2
2021: 2.6 TG / 10 km2 1179 GT 3537-5895 / 4536 km2
2023: 1,84 TG / 10 km2 835 GT 2505-4175 INDIVIDUALS / 4536 km2
2023 78 Territorial Groups (156-234 ) 2024 54 Territorial Group (108-162)
The relative abundance of the golden jackal, calculated for three consecutive years over an area covering 9.7% of the total surface of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, decreased from 78 territorial groups (156-234 individuals) identified through the bioacoustic method in the winter of 2023 to 54 territorial groups (108-162 individuals) identified in the winter of 2024.
In 2025, the change in the relative abundance showed a clear increment with 111 territorial groups *333-555 individuals!!!
MAXIMUM WITH RECORD FOR THE LOCAL ABUNDANCE��14 territorial groups / 1 station!
7 minutes of continuous singing
Jackals alive in Danube Delta?
SONOGRAMS
A sonogram, also known as a spectrogram, is a visual representation of sound. It shows how the frequency (pitch) of a sound changes over time. The horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents frequency, and the color or intensity represents the loudness of the sound at each frequency.
14 February 2023, Danube Delta
Nov 2012, Pelješac Peninsula, Croatia
Diagnostic and structure
Photo: Alexandra Ion