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Kristallnacht

The Night of Broken Glass

Maciolek Elijah

Mrs. Reilly

Section 124

8 March 2022

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Pogrom

A pogrom is an organized massacre of a particular ethnic group. This is what took place during Kristallnacht.

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When and Why

November 9th-10th, 1938

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Herschel Grynszpan

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The murder of Ernest Vom Rath, a Nazi German Diplomat was used as an excuse for this pogrom.

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Hitler and others he had influenced had been planning this event and were waiting for something to happen to blame it on.

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People Involved

  • Members of the SS and SA
  • The Nazi party
  • Hitler
  • Reinhard Heydrich-organized these violent anti-Jewish attacks to lead to the final solution.

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  • Hitler turned the Germans against the Jewish using propaganda

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The Damage

  • The homes, shops, cemeteries, schools of the Jewish were destroyed.

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  • SS members are ordered to attack Synagogues, these are the central place for the Religion and life, Synagogues were a constant reminder of the Jewish in Germany.

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  • Vandalism against the Jewish was everywhere in Germany.

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  • In the aftermath of Kristallnacht, the Nazi regime ordered the Jewish community to pay a 1 billion Reichsmark “atonement tax” and rapidly enacted many anti-Jewish laws. This caused a surge of Jews to leave the country.

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The Jewish

The Germans believed they were the superior race and hated the Jews. During Kristallnacht, many Jewish were attacked and killed in Germany and more than 30,000 were taken to concentration camps.

All the Jewish people were targeted, even the women and children.

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Works Cited

Blakemore, Erin. “Kristallnacht Started When This Diplomat Was Murdered in Cold Blood.” HISTORY, Sept. 2018, www.history.com/news/kristallnacht-started-when-this-diplomat-was-murdered-in-cold-blood. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

Klaus Wiegrefe, SPIEGEL. “How the World Shrugged off Kristallnacht.” ABC News, ABC News, 9 Nov. 2013, abcnews.go.com/International/world-shrugged-off-kristallnacht/story?id=20826565. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

“Kristallnacht – the Holocaust Explained: Designed for Schools.” Theholocaustexplained.org, 10 Apr. 1933, www.theholocaustexplained.org/life-in-nazi-occupied-europe/oppression/kristallnacht/. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

“Photo Mystery of Jewish Assassin Used by Nazis to Justify Kristallnacht.” The Guardian, 18 Dec. 2016, www.theguardian.com/world/2016/dec/18/herschel-grynszpan-photo-mystery-jewish-assassin-kristallnacht-pogrom.

“Pogroms.” Encyclopedia.ushmm.org, encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/gallery/pogroms. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

“SS Officer Hailed as a ‘Hero’ by New Zealand Media Dies at 97.” The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com, www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/ss-officer-hailed-as-a-hero-by-new-zealand-media-dies-at-97-639616. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

“Synagogue Destroyed during Kristallnacht.” Facing History and Ourselves, www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/image/synagogue-destroyed-during-kristallnacht. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. “Reinhard Heydrich | Life and Assassination.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 3 Mar. 2019, www.britannica.com/biography/Reinhard-Heydrich.

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. “United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.” Ushmm.org, 2000, www.ushmm.org/.

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC. “Kristallnacht.” Holocaust Encyclopedia, ushmm.org, 18 Oct. 2019, encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/kristallnacht. Accessed 11 Mar. 2022.

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