Nervous System of

Cockroach

Respiratory System of Cockroach

Respiration is the energy liberating processes in which oxygen from the environment is taken inside the body and carbon dioxide is given off. Oxygen is utilized in the animal’s body for carrying out the chemical reactions which produce energy. In these process carbon dioxides formed as a waste product. The liberated energy is used for performing various body activities.

Cockroach exhibit aerial respiration. The respiratory system is formed of a system of air-filled tubes called tracheal system. The tubes of the tracheal system are called tracheae. There are six large longitudinal tubes called tracheal trunks. Out of these two are ventral, two are dorsal and remaining two are lateral in position. They are inter-connected by transverse commissures. The respiratory system of cockroach is very well developed and it consist of tracheae and spiracles (stigmata).

1)Spiracles:- There are ten pairs of spiracles or stigmata which are arranged lateral tracheal turn as open to the exterior out of the ten pairs of spiracles two pairs are located in thorax and reaming eight pairs in the first eight abdominal segments out of two pairs of thoracic spiracles, one pair present between pro and meso-thorax and the other between meso and meta thorax. Abdominal spiracles are present laterally in the soft of the cuticle between terna and stiuna. A spiracle are slit like sclerotized area guarded by bristles and valve. It can be closed or open by sphincter muscles. The thoracic spiracles are larger then the abdominal once and remains always open. Each spiracles internally leads into a cavity, atrium, from which the main tracheal trunk.

2)Tracheae:- Tracheae are silvery, ectodermal tubes having ring like cuticle lining which prevents the trachea from collapsing. This cuticular lining are called taenidia or intima. The spiracles leads into single tracheal trunks . there are three pairs of large , parallel , longitudinal ,tracheal trunks one dorsal, one ventral, and one lateral in the position, which are connected by transverse commissures , thus they formed a network which reaches to every part of the body the tracheal branch to form a network a fine tubes which is called as tracheoles the tracheoles have a thin cuticle lining and end blindly in tissue cells by means these system of trachea the cells of a body or there fluids are indirect communication with the environment

Mechanism of respiration

Tracheoles with fluid during expiration. Tracheoles without fluid during inspiration.

Mechanism of respiration

Air inters the tube through spiracles it which is called as inspiration. The inspired air riches the tracheoles. The terminal ends of the tracheoles are filed with a fluid. Oxygen of the inspired air dissolves in the fluid. The active work of the fluid in the tissues becomes hypertonic.

As a result the oxygen containing fluid of the tracheoles diffuses into the tissues. This helps the inspired air tube reach the tip of tracheoles. Now exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. After this the impure air goes out through the spiracle . this is called expiration. Inspiration and expiration are brought about by abdominal movement