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Consonants and Vowels
Vowels are the letters: a, e, i, o, u �and sometimes y.
a e i o u
Consonants are all the other letters, �such as: b, d, t, s, etc.
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
Rule
If a word has a short vowel with only one consonant after it, then double the consonant in the spelling.
Short Vowel Sounds With �One Consonant
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lap
lapped
lap
p
ed
beg
begged
beg
g
ed
sip
sipped
sip
p
ed
nod
nodded
nod
d
ed
tug
tugged
tug
g
ed
Rule
If a word has a short vowel with more than one consonant after it, then add ‘-ed’.
�Can you think of some words like this?
Short Vowel Sounds With More Than One Consonant
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back
backed
ba
ck
ed
pick
picked
pi
ck
ed
hand
handed
ha
nd
ed
hunt
hunted
hu
nt
ed
bank
banked
ba
nk
ed
lift
lifted
li
ft
ed
Rule
If a word ends in ‘e’ then just add ‘d’.
Just Add ‘d’ to Words Ending in ‘e’
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hope
hoped
hop
e
d
joke
joked
jok
e
d
fake
faked
fak
e
d
tune
tuned
tun
e
d
fine
fined
fin
e
d
Rule
If a word has a long vowel sound, then add -ed.
Words With Long Vowel Sounds
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look
looked
look
ed
cheat
cheated
cheat
ed
float
floated
float
ed
boil
boiled
boil
ed
sail
sailed
sail
ed
snow
snowed
snow
ed
Rule
If a word ends in a consonant followed by a ‘y’, then change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’ and add ed.
Words With Long Vowel Sounds
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carry
carried
carr
i
ed
reply
replied
repl
i
ed
marry
married
marr
i
ed
study
studied
stud
i
ed
supply
supplied
suppl
i
ed
Rules for Adding ‘-ed’
If a word has a long vowel sound, then add ‘-ed’.
Short vowel sound with one consonant, double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
Short vowel with more than one consonant after it, then add ‘-ed’.
If a word ends in ‘e’ then just add ‘d’.
lap
p
ed
back
ed
hope
d
look
ed
If a word ends in a consonant followed by a ‘y’, then change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’ and add ‘-ed’.
carr
i
ed
What is the Rule?
Talk with a partner to decide which rule to use.
leak
add ‘-ed’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
add ‘d’
add ‘-ed’
Well done!
Try again!
Try again!
Try again!
What is the Rule?
Talk with a partner to decide which rule to use.
tap
add ‘-ed’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
add ‘d’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
Well done!
Try again!
Try again!
Try again!
What is the Rule?
Talk with a partner to decide which rule to use.
copy
add ‘-ed’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
add ‘d’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
Well done!
Try again!
Try again!
Try again!
What is the Rule?
Talk with a partner to decide which rule to use.
pile
add ‘-ed’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
add ‘d’
Try again!
Try again!
Try again!
Add ‘d’
Well done!
What is the Rule?
Talk with a partner to decide which rule to use.
list
add ‘-ed’
double the consonant and add ‘-ed’
drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’
add ‘d’
add ‘-ed’
Well done!
Try again!
Try again!
Try again!
Click on a word to check
Sort these words into the grid below:
add ‘-ed’ | double the consonant and add ‘-ed’ | drop the ‘y’ and add ‘i’ before adding ‘-ed’ | add ‘d’ |
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melt
snow
fan
skipped
paint
cope
hurry
tune
chat
try
time
melted
snowed
painted
fanned
skipped
chatted
hurried
worried
tried
coped
tuned
timed
worry