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Introduction to Open Education and Open Educational Resources (OER)

With Emily Schudel, Monique Brewer, and Sue Doner

This content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.

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Learning outcomes:�

By the end of this session, you will be able to:

  • Explain how Copyright and Creative Commons Licensing are related
  • Describe what Open Education and Open Resources are and why they are important
  • Find OER related to your specific disciplines
  • Know where to get help!

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Agenda

  • Introductions
  • Copyright/Creative Commons
  • Open Education
  • Open Educational Resources (OER)
  • How/Where to find OER
  • Removing Barriers (that’s what it should be all about)

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Introductions

  • Name
  • Where and what you teach
  • What do you know about OER already?
  • One burning question you would like addressed in today’s workshop

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Copyright

  • What it is, and what it is now
  • Public Domain
  • Fair Dealing
  • Creative Commons Licences and how to identify them

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Copyright

  • Gives creators rights to their own creations and control of how others can use their works
  • Automatic (don’t have to apply, or add that symbol)
  • Typically covers literary/artistic works or collections of these, translations and adaptations, and sometimes computer software or industrial designs
  • Copyright covers original creations, but not copies of others’ creations (written, recorded, electronic)
  • Copyright does not cover facts or ideas
  • What can be copyrighted can be governed by country
  • Not to be confused with Patents and Trademarks (see The Law we call Copyright for more)
  • Camosun Copyright Officer: Young Joo (JooY@camosun.ca)

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Public Domain

  • Works whose copyright has expired (copyright timelines differ depending on the jurisdiction) are in the Public Domain and can be used freely
  • Copyright owners can also give up their copyright to works

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(more at The Law we call Copyright blog post)

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Fair Dealing

  • Permits use of a copyright-protected work without permission from the copyright owner or the payment of copyright royalties
    • exempts copyright restrictions for research, private study, education, parody, satire, criticism, review, and news reporting
    • IF the dealing is “fair” – Camosun College provides guidelines for this at our Copyright LibGuide

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(more at The Law we call Copyright blog post)

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Creative Commons License Elements

Attribution or “BY”, means that people can use, adapt, and redistribute your creation with no restrictions except that they must give you attribution. (attribution example: The images used in this work is “TITLE” by CREATOR, available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.)

NonCommercial or “NC” means people can use, adapt, and redistribute your creation, but NOT for profit (a complicated concept in reality), again as long as they give you attribution.

ShareAlike or “SA” means that if people create adaptations from your creation, they must share that new creation under a similar license.

NoDerivatives or “ND” means that while people could adapt your work for their own use, they can’t share those adaptations with others.

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The six CC licenses (all require attribution)

“CC BY” allows people to use the work for any purpose.

“BY-SA” allows people to use the work for any purpose, but adaptations must be made available under the same or a compatible license.

“BY-NC” allows people to use the work for any noncommercial purpose (so, they can’t make a profit from the work or adaptations of it).

“BY-NC-SA” allows people to use the work for noncommercial purposes, but adaptations must be made available under the same or a compatible license.

“BY-ND” allows people to use the work for any purpose (even commercially) but NOT to adapt it.

“BY-NC-ND” allows people to use only the un-adapted work for noncommercial purposes.

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Adapting (watch the licenses!)

CC License Compatibility Chart / CC BY 4.0

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Traditional Knowledge

Traditional (including Indigenous) knowledge is not covered by copyright law, and is often subject to appropriation (traditional knowledge should not be considered to be in the Public Domain). For this, and a wide variety of other reasons, CC licences generally cannot be applied to traditional knowledge.

TK Labels are an initiative for Indigenous communities and local organizations. Developed through sustained partnership and testing within Indigenous communities across multiple countries, the Labels allow communities to express local and specific conditions for sharing and engaging in future research and relationships in ways that are consistent with already existing community rules, governance and protocols for using, sharing and circulating knowledge and data. Communities customize their TK Labels. To do this you will need to use the Local Contexts Hub which allows community control over customization and delivery to institutions, data repositories and other organizations. Traditional Knowledge Labels

To learn a bit more, attend the BCcampus webinar Indigenous Open Educational Resources: Respectfully Uplifting Community Voices on May 24th from 10-11am.

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Open Education

Tony Bates:

  • education for all: free or very low cost school, college or university education available to everyone within a particular jurisdiction, usually funded primarily through the state;
  • open access to programs that lead to full, recognised qualifications. These are offered by national open universities or more recently by the OERu;
  • open access to courses or programs that are not for formal credit, although it may be possible to acquire badges or certificates for successful completion. MOOCs are a good example;
  • open educational resources that instructors or learners can use [and adapt] for free. MIT’s OpenCourseware, which provides free online downloads of MIT’s video recorded lectures and support material, is one example;
  • open textbooks, online textbooks that are free for students to use;
  • open research, whereby research papers are made available online for free downloading;
  • open data, that is, data open to anyone to use, reuse, and redistribute, subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share.
  • [I’ll add open access - scholarly work available for free online, typically open access journals]

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Open Educational Resources (OER)

  • BCcampus: “teaching, learning, and research resources that, through permissions granted by their creator, allow others to use, distribute, keep, or make changes to them.”
  • David Wiley: The terms "open content" and "open educational resources" describe any copyrightable work (traditionally excluding software, which is described by other terms like "open source") that is either (1) in the public domain or (2) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities
  • The Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC): “teaching, learning, and research resources that are free of cost and access barriers, and which also carry legal permission for open use. Generally, this permission is granted by the use of an open license (for example, Creative Commons licenses) which allows anyone to freely use, adapt, and share the resource—anytime, anywhere.”

Defining the "Open" in Open Content and Open Educational Resources was written by David Wiley and published freely under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license at http://opencontent.org/definition/ .

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The 5 R’s - the real power of OER!

  • David Wiley
    • Retain - make, own, control a copy (e.g., download and keep your own copy)
    • Revise - edit, adapt, modify your copy (e.g., translate into another language)
    • Remix - combine your original or revised copy of the resource with other existing material to create something new (e.g., make a mashup)
    • Reuse - use your original, revised, or remixed copy of the resource publicly (e.g., on a website, in a presentation, in a class)
    • Redistribute - share copies of your original, revised, or remixed copy of the resource with others (e.g., post a copy online or give one to a friend)

Defining the "Open" in Open Content and Open Educational Resources was written by David Wiley and published freely under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license at http://opencontent.org/definition/ .

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Open Educational Resources (OER)

  • What they are (when CC licensed):
    • Open access journals (although if there is a cost to publish in them, the status of the work as OER can be disputed)
    • Open Textbooks
    • Other text-based materials
    • Images
    • Videos
    • Learning Objects (e.g., H5P objects)
  • What they aren’t:
    • Publisher textbook resources
    • Subscription journals
    • Anything you find on the Internet that is NOT licenced CC or Public Domain

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How/Where to find OER

  • Have a plan (what do you need/want)
  • Search for what is out there - you may need to break your overall subject into smaller topics for a search
  • Ask: are the resources you find CC licensed? Are they truly open, i.e. not tied to specific software and therefore not adaptable? Are they relevant for your context?
  • Talk to a librarian, our copyright officer, and to colleagues, talk to Emily
  • Vet resources – have they been peer reviewed?
  • Identify gaps and consider mixing/adapting
  • Guides to finding and evaluating OER

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Some places to start

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Some places to start

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Some places to start

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What’s next after you find some OER?

  • Adopt (revise, reorder, etc. as needed)
  • Adapt!! (don’t find exactly what you need? Missing Canadian context? Indigenous or EDI contexts? You can adapt and remix!! You can even engage with students to write sections of an OER - see Open Pedagogy workshop on Friday)
  • Create (but start small…)
  • Talk to your librarian about what else is out there for your subject (maybe you can also find free-to-use resources that aren’t OER)
  • Talk to our copyright officer if you are unsure what you can and can’t include
  • Talk to me about CC licences and how to adapt and remix!
  • And most importantly, don’t think you need to do it all at once - try to fill one gap, get student feedback, then add more
  • BCcampus OER Toolkit - guide to adopting and adapting OER

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Removing Barriers

  • What barriers do you see to working with OER?

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Removing Barriers

  • Formalizing institutional support for cost, time, help with finding, vetting, creating, etc.
  • Access (if open and online)
  • Adapting and sharing
  • Accessibility (Open Washington, BCcampus)
  • Student contributions (non-disposable assignment)
  • Other?

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15% Solution (from: Liberating Structures)

Two minutes of Reflection

  • Knowing what you know now, and knowing the resources you have available, what OER are you going to explore to integrate into your course?
  • Share your final idea with the whole group

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Resources

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Questions?

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Or ask me later…and I will follow up with you in the fall!