Would U Rather β¦
have no memory of your past?
(retrograde amnesia)
have no new memory?
(anterograde amnesia)
OR
Research
Ethics
Biological
Cognitive
Sociocultural
Abnormal
understanding the whole person
In google drive, add a new folder
IB Psych
Unit 1:
Research
REF
Unit 2:
Cognitive Approach
Close your eyes and β¦ what are you experiencing?
cognition
A mental action or process
Can you think of examples of some mental processes?
Write this down
Examples of mental processes
Paying attention or focusing
Making decisions
Thinking
Memory
Perception
Language
Problem solving
Cognitive processes are βhiddenβ
Mental processes happen inside us, so theyβre hidden
How can we study something we canβt see?
TOK connections
How do we know humans have cognition?
How can we verify cognitions are real?
Talk to your group then share out
A computer processes information much like humans do. How is the way we think similar to a computer?
I need some volunteers
3 people to be participants
1 person to be the timer
You will be give some math problems
Try your best to get the correct answer
You can withdraw any time, by saying βI donβt knowβ
What is the answer?
5 + 7 * 2 - 9 Γ· 3
16
What is the answer?
9 - 22 Γ· 2 - 7 * 3
-23
What is the answer?
3x2 - 5x + 11 = 0
No solution
Whatβs a cognitive miser?
Humans are cognitive misers
Human: βI donβt know, I donβt care & I donβt have time.β
Humans are cognitive misers
We do not like to exert too much mental energy
We are mentally lazy
We like to take mental shortcuts
Write this down
How far back can you remember?
Think back of some of your earliest memories.
How old were you?
What was that memory of?
Any trends or patterns on those memories?
Please take out a piece of paper & a writing utensil. Answer these questions
In your groups, answer these questions
Were some questions easier to answer than others? Why?
Which questions were harder to answer?
What cues did you use to remember?
If I used these questions for a research study, why would this be problematic?
Discuss in your groups
Do you think there are different types of memory?
If so, what are they? Write some on the board
Principles of memory
Different types of memory are processed & stored in different areas of the brain
explicit memory implicit memory
(conscious) (unconscious)
semantic memory episodic memory procedural memory
(facts) (events) (skills, habits)
Get diagram from teacher
Types of memory
procedural memory - how to do something, habits (ex: brush teeth)
β--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
semantic memory - factual memory (ex: a tomato is a fruit)
episodic memory - events or experiences (ex: your 16th birthday; your 1st kiss)
facial recognition - recalling & recognizing familiar faces but not a stranger
Write this down
Talk to your group, find an example of β¦.
semantic memory -
episodic memory -
procedural memory -
Is facial recognition conscious or unconscious? Explain
Prosopagnosia
A disability where you are unable to recall or recognize faces; also known as facial blindness
Summary
Humans are cognitive misers, mentally lazy
Memory is a cognitive process
There are different types of memory
Different types of memory are stored in different areas of the brain
Give an example of a person being a cognitive miser
Mock experiment
This is an experiment on memory
Mock experiment (whole class)
Quiet please β¦ listen ...
I will read aloud some words, just listen, do not write
Write down as many words as you can remember (1 minute)
Raise your hand if you have the word
bed
Raise your hand if you have the word
quilt
Raise your hand if you have the word
dark
Raise your hand if you have the word
silence
Raise your hand if you have the word
fatigue
Raise your hand if you have the word
clock
Raise your hand if you have the word
snoring
Raise your hand if you have the word
night
Raise your hand if you have the word
toss
Raise your hand if you have the word
tired
Raise your hand if you have the word
artichoke
Raise your hand if you have the word
turn
Raise your hand if you have the word
rest
Raise your hand if you have the word
dream
Raise your hand if you have the word
sleep
Anybody got a word I did not call out?
List of 15 words in the order it was read
Letβs analyze the data
Look at the graph. Do you notice anything interesting?
Why do you think so many remembered the word NIGHT and ARTICHOKE
Why do you think people βrememberβ the word SLEEP when it wasnβt on the list?
Serial Position Effect
A U-shaped effect that appears when recalling a long list; there is a primacy effect and a recency effect
primacy effect - things at the beginning
of a list are remembered best
recency effect - things at the end of a
list are remembered best
Things in the middle of a list are most often forgotten
Write this down
Get the curve from the teacher
Discuss in your group
Why do we tend to remember things at the beginning and the end of a list, but forget those in the middle?
Things at the end are still fresh in our short term memory (STM)
Things at the beginning have had enough time to get stored in long term memory (LTM). Things in the middle are no longer in STM but have not had enough time to be stored in LTM
Write this down
Letβs test out your memory
Donβt look at your notes
When recalling a long list of things, which part of the list is usually forgotten?
the middle
Things at the beginning of a list are often remembered. What is the name of this effect?
primacy effect
Things at the end of a list are often remembered. What is the name of this effect?
recency effect
The graph of this phenomenon is U-shaped. What is the name of this phenomenon?
serial position effect
Letβs do an experiment
horizontal axes google sheets
along the horizontal axis
Todayβs Agenda
Research Experiment
Get participants
Process data
Write up report
Review with people at your table
Words in the ______________ of a list are usually forgotten
Words at the beginning of a list are better remembered. This is called the ____________ __________
Words at the end of a list are better remembered. This is called the ____________ __________
This U-shaped phenomenon is called the
__________ _____________ _____________
Use short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) to explain this phenomenon
Briefing & debriefing statements
Briefing
You will be shown words and pictures to memorize. This is a memory test
Debriefing
Out of 15 words, you recalled ____ words
Out of 15 pictures, you recalled ______ pictures
Thank you for helping us with our research. Please go back to class
Get ready to find participants
Have your chromebook ready with: