Water Pollution

By Civilthings.com

Objectives

• What is water pollution
• Types of water pollution
• Causes for water pollution
• Effects of water pollution
• Water Treatment
• 7 major water Stages in water treatment plant
• How to control water pollution

What is water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make their way to water.

• There are many causes for water pollution but two general categories exist: direct and indirect contaminant sources
1. Surface water pollution
2. Groundwater pollution

1. Surface water pollution

• Direct sources include effluent outfalls from factories, refineries, waste treatment plants etc.. That emit fluids of varying quality directly into urban water supplies.

2. Groundwater pollution

• Indirect sources include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils/groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain water. Soils and groundwaters contain the residue of human agricultural practices (fertilizers, pesticides, etc..)

Causes of water pollution

1. Global warming�Rising global temperatures caused by CO2 emissions heat the water, reducing its oxygen content.��2. Deforestation�Felling forests can exhaust water resources and generate organic residue which becomes a breeding ground for harmful bacteria.

3. Industry, agriculture and livestock farming�Chemical dumping from these sectors is one of the main causes of eutrophication of water.��4. Rubbish and faecal water dumping�The UN says that more than 80% of the world’s sewage finds its way into seas and rivers untreated.

5. Maritime traffic�Much of the plastic pollution in the ocean comes from fishing boats, tankers and cargo shipping.��6. Fuel spillages�The transportation and storage of oil and its derivatives is subject to leakage that pollutes our water resources.

Effects of water pollution

• Effects on environment
• Effects on human
• Effects on animal
• Effects on Sea Animals

Effects on Environment

��Toxic water��Thermal heating��Our sources of water

Effects on human

Diseases caused by:��Drinking contaminated�water��Swimming in polluted water��Contact with chemically polluted water

Effects on animal

Polluted water used for irrigation also contaminates the soil and the agricultural produce. This may lead to health issues in herbivorous animals who feed on agricultural plants and leftovers.

Effects on sea animal

200 turtles in Australia’s surround waters die each year

Water Treatment

• Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use.

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• Water treatment is the process of removing all those substances, whether biological, chemical, or physical, that are potentially harmful to the water supply for human and domestic use.

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7 Major Stages in Water Treatment Plant

How to control water pollution

Turn off running water

Be cautious of what you pour in your sink/flush down your toilet

Fertilize correctly

Participate in a clean up

Join a special society devoted to the prevention of water pollution

Spread awareness about water pollution

Thank you

By Civilthings.com