1 of 21

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION • NEHU, SHILLONG M.Ed. Guidance & Counselling

Unit III

Services in Educational Guidance Programme

1

Guidance Services

2

Guidance Committee

3

Individual Information

4

Placement & Follow-up

Presentation for Classroom Teaching — M.Ed. Student-Teachers Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

2 of 21

GETTING ORIENTED

Learning Objectives

By the end of this session, you will be able to:

1

Explain the six major guidance services and how they interconnect

2

Identify resources needed to organise a guidance programme

3

Describe the School Guidance Committee — constitution & functions

4

Explain Individual Information Service: data types & sources

5

Discuss Placement Service: need, areas & the counsellor's role

6

Explain Follow-up Service: purpose, types & techniques

Introduction

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

3 of 21

SECTION 3.2

Six Services of a Guidance Programme

1

Orientation

Helping newcomers settle in

2

Information

Educational & career information

3

Counselling

One-to-one helping relationship

4

Placement

Matching student to opportunity

5

Follow-up

Tracking outcomes & adjustment

6

Research & Evaluation

Evidence base for improvement

Types of Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

4 of 21

3.2.1

Orientation Service

Helps new entrants adjust smoothly to an unfamiliar school/college environment.

  • Familiarises students with layout, rules & curriculum
  • Reduces anxiety of a new / unfamiliar setting
  • Introduces guidance personnel & support services
  • Clarifies academic and behavioural expectations

TYPICAL ACTIVITIES

Orientation talks / assemblies

School handbooks & prospectus

Campus tours by seniors

Meet-the-counsellor sessions

Peer-mentor / 'buddy' systems

Types of Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

5 of 21

3.2.2

Information Service

Collects, organises and disseminates accurate educational & occupational information so students can make well-informed choices.

Career Corner

In-school career library with handbooks & prospectuses

Career Talks & Melas

Exhibitions and guest lectures by professionals

Print Media

Bulletin boards, newsletters, handbooks

Digital Resources

Government portals, career websites, MOOCs

Types of Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

6 of 21

3.2.3

Counselling Service — The Heart of Guidance

A face-to-face helping relationship in which a trained counsellor enables the student to understand self, clarify problems, explore alternatives, and reach self-directed decisions.

TYPES

  • Directive — counsellor-centred, advice-oriented
  • Non-directive — client-centred (Rogerian)
  • Eclectic — combines both approaches

AREAS

  • Educational — subject/stream choice, study problems
  • Vocational — career planning & decision-making
  • Personal-social — emotional & adjustment issues

Types of Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

7 of 21

3.2.6

Research & Evaluation Service

The scientific backbone of the guidance programme — evaluates effectiveness and improves practice continuously.

1

Conducting need-assessment surveys

2

Standardising & validating tools

3

Evaluating outcomes of counselling & placement

4

Undertaking action research on student problems

5

Feeding back to improve curriculum & practice

Note: Placement Service and Follow-up Service are treated in depth later in this unit (Sections 3.6 – 3.7).

Types of Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

8 of 21

SECTION 3.3

Resources Required — Human Resources

Head of Institution

Provides leadership & sanctions resources

School Counsellor

Counselling, testing & record-keeping

Guidance Coordinator

Coordinates activities (where no full-time counsellor)

Class & Subject Teachers

Daily observation & referral; achievement data

Health Personnel

Physical & mental health data

Parents & Community

Home background; placement & follow-up support

Resources for Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

9 of 21

SECTION 3.3

Resources Required — Physical & Financial

PHYSICAL / MATERIAL

  • Separate, private Guidance/Counselling Room
  • Career Corner / library with handbooks & journals
  • Psychological tests — intelligence, aptitude, interest, personality
  • Cumulative Record Cards & proforma
  • Computers, internet access & AV aids
  • Secure filing for confidential records

FINANCIAL

  • Dedicated budget head within the institution's annual budget
  • Funds for tests, books, journals & equipment
  • Grants from government bodies / funding agencies
  • Honoraria for visiting experts
  • Provision for career talks & exhibitions

Resources for Guidance Services

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

10 of 21

SECTION 3.4.1

School Guidance Committee — Constitution

Principal / Head

Chairperson

School Counsellor

Secretary / Convener

Senior Subject Teachers

Members

Class Teachers (terminal classes)

Members

Health / Medical Officer

Member

Librarian

Member

Parent Representative

Member

Student Representative

Member

School Guidance Committee

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

11 of 21

SECTION 3.4.2

School Guidance Committee — Roles & Functions

1

Formulates policy & the annual guidance plan

2

Coordinates all six services into an integrated whole

3

Allocates duties among staff & ensures cooperation

4

Reviews and sanctions the guidance budget

5

Organises orientation, career talks & testing programmes

6

Liaises with parents, employers & the community

7

Safeguards confidentiality of student records

8

Evaluates the programme & recommends improvements

School Guidance Committee

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

12 of 21

SECTION 3.5.1

Individual Information Service

A cumulative, organised record of a pupil's abilities, aptitudes, interests, achievements, health, personality and home background — the foundation on which counselling, placement and follow-up rest.

WHY IT MATTERS

  • Understands the pupil as a unique individual
  • Gives an objective basis for counselling & placement
  • Identifies pupils needing special attention
  • Furnishes baseline data to measure growth over time
  • Assists curriculum planning & grouping of pupils

Individual Information Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

13 of 21

SECTION 3.5.2

Types of Data Collected About a Pupil

Identifying

Name, DOB, address, admission no., family details

Physical / Health

Height, weight, vision, hearing, general health

Psychological

IQ, aptitudes, interests, personality, attitudes

Educational

Marks, achievement scores, study habits

Family Background

Parental occupation, education, income, home environment

Socio-personal

Peer relations, co-curricular participation, adjustment

Occupational

Career preferences, work experience, vocational plans

Individual Information Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

14 of 21

SECTION 3.5.3

Sources of Information

TESTING TECHNIQUES

  • Intelligence tests
  • Aptitude tests
  • Interest inventories
  • Personality tests/inventories
  • Achievement tests

NON-TESTING TECHNIQUES

  • Cumulative Record Card (CRC)
  • Observation & Interview
  • Questionnaire & rating scales
  • Autobiography / anecdotal records
  • Sociometric techniques & case study

Individual Information Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

15 of 21

SECTION 3.6.1

Placement Service — Need & Importance

Placement Service assists a student in moving from one stage to the next — stream, course, or job — in a manner consistent with their abilities, interests & circumstances.

1

Understanding alone isn't enough — students need help applying it

2

Students often lack knowledge of procedures & openings

3

Wrong placement causes frustration & wastage of potential

4

Diversifying courses & occupations demand expert help

5

It bridges assessment/counselling with real-world action

Placement Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

16 of 21

SECTION 3.6.2

Areas of Placement — Educational & Vocational

EDUCATIONAL PLACEMENT

  • Choice of subjects, electives or streams
  • Suitable schools / colleges / universities
  • Curricular & co-curricular activities
  • Scholarships & financial-aid schemes
  • Remedial or enrichment programmes

VOCATIONAL PLACEMENT

  • Selecting occupation / apprenticeship / training
  • Preparing bio-data & interview skills
  • Contact with employers & placement agencies
  • Understanding work conditions & prospects
  • Smooth transition from education to work

Placement Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

17 of 21

SECTION 3.6.3

Role of the Counsellor in Placement

1

Integrates self-understanding with educational/vocational information

2

Liaises with institutions, industries & employment exchanges

3

Organises campus interviews, career fairs & alumni interaction

4

Guides application procedures & interview preparation

5

Facilitates — ensures the student makes a self-directed choice

6

Maintains placement records that feed into follow-up

Placement Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

18 of 21

SECTION 3.7

Follow-up Service — Purpose & Types

Keeping in touch with students after counselling / placement to assess adjustment and improve the guidance programme.

TYPES OF FOLLOW-UP

Drop-outs

Trace early leavers; understand causes

Graduates / Leavers

Track outcomes after Class X, XII, graduation

The Placed

Check adjustment in stream, course or job

The Counselled

Review outcomes of individual counselling

Programme-level

Periodic review of overall effectiveness

Follow-up Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

19 of 21

SECTION 3.7.3

Follow-up Service — Techniques

1

Follow-up questionnaires

2

Follow-up interviews (in person/phone)

3

Personal / home visits

4

Checklists & rating scales

5

Analysis of cumulative records

6

Alumni meets & reunions

7

Correspondence & digital surveys

8

Employer / institution reports

Follow-up data feeds back into the Research & Evaluation Service — completing the guidance cycle.

Follow-up Service

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

20 of 21

KEY TAKEAWAYS

Let Us Sum Up

1

Six interrelated services form a guidance programme: Orientation, Information, Counselling, Placement, Follow-up, Research & Evaluation

2

Human, physical & financial resources — coordinated by the School Guidance Committee — make the programme work

3

Individual Information Service builds a cumulative, multi-dimensional picture of every pupil

4

Placement Service (educational & vocational) turns self-understanding into concrete action

5

Follow-up Service closes the loop — tracking outcomes and feeding evidence back for improvement

Summary

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU

Summary

21 of 21

Let's Discuss

How would you constitute and run a Guidance Committee in a school you know well? What placement and follow-up challenges might it face?

Self-Check Exercises — see accompanying study material, Section 3.9

Discussion

Unit III — M.Ed. — Dept. of Education, NEHU