Bio-Inspired Rotating Empennage (BIRE) - Demonstration Model
Ryan Rotsching
Introduction / Motivation:
A concept fighter aircraft is being investigated by the Air Force Research Labs that eliminates the vertical tail and uses a bio inspired rotating empennage (BIRE). The motion of the empennage is intended to mimic the agile flight displayed by birds of prey. The removal of the vertical tail will both decrease the weight of the aircraft and significantly reduce the radar signature. Only theoretical design models exist with no available demonstration model
Product Development:
Mk 1 – Traditional Structure
Prusa i3 Printer used
Original Research design used; parts modified for ease of printing
Mk 2 – Improved Traditional Structure
X1 Carbon Printer used
Original Research design used with updated components including:
I. Redesigned gear train to adapt to printer capabilities
II. Thrust bearing added to hold empennage to fuselage
III. Gaping to allow for ease of assembly / maintenance
IV. Mechanical limiter to prevent over-extension of actuators
V. Skin change to clear (from white)
VI. Aerodynamics of skin improved
Mk 3 – Topographically Optimized Structure X1 Carbon Printer used
New researched framework used printing whole frame as one piece
3D Printing Technology Used:
Mk 1
Prusa i3 used
Frame printed in layers and small ribs to avoid support
Decreased print time while saving material
Mk 2
Bambu Labs Carbon X1 Printer used
Frame broken into layers, printed in one batch to avoid support and save material
Phrozen Sonic Mini 8K 7.1” LCD used
Printing skin in clear filament
Mk 3
Bambu Labs Carbon X1 Printer to be used
Empennage Frame to be kept as one piece to simplify design
Fuselage frame to be broken into smaller, manageable pieces depending on overhangs and critical dimensions
Advisors: David Myszka, Ph.D. and Andrew Murray, Ph.D.
Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering
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Research Objective: To use additive manufacturing technologies to assist in communicating the proposed BIRE mechanical concept for fighter aircraft.
Methodology: