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An AI manager’s journey into to the new era of Foundation Models.

NASA SMD AI WORKSHOP 2024

trillium.tech

James Parr

Director FDL.ai

CEO, Trillium Technologies

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As an AI manager, what do you need to think about?

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My job: understand the journey we need to go on before we get Foundation Models that a space agency can release.

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Satellite Data is much harder to work with than text.

For science it is useful to build systems that can learn from multiple modalities.

CORE CONCEPT 1

CORE CONCEPT 2

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Science is working in dynamic settings.�It’s more complicated than anyone thought.

CORE CONCEPT 3

The dream has been:

“We don’t need the physics, just let SSL do the rest”

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So we talk about Foundation models as being ‘generalizable’. - e.g. in use-case (temporal or spatial)

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SAR Foundation Model precursor extracts vegetation cover from SAR with just 1% of the labels needed for supervised methods.

Best Paper NeurIPS Climatechange.ai

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In SAR-FM, the breakthrough is generalizability across AOIs

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Polarization

Seasonality

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ChatGPT doesn’t have this problem.

(It’s more complicated than we thought.)

CORE CONCEPT 3

Science data is

statistically dynamic…

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  • Missing values
  • Instrument drift
  • Acquisition geometry
  • Changes in statistical characteristics

“Robustness”

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We need RECIPES.

CORE CONCEPT 4

Can you identify the locations first where your Foundation model will work?

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Version 1

Version 2

Version 3

How can we still make Foundation models scientifically useful at small scales?

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It’s a phased approach that is all about trade-offs

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The initial models will need task specific recipes

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Models will also have to be designed on context of adapters, integrations and narrow applications.

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A glimpse of the future…

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Think about robustness to inputs

The Recipe can help users hit the ground running and get useful results from precursor efforts

Physics can help!

Usefulness

Robustness

CORE CONCEPT 1

CORE CONCEPT 2

CORE CONCEPT 3

Closing thoughts and an opportunity!

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Thank you!

James Parr

Director FDL.ai

CEO, Trillium Technologies

james@fdl.ai