1 of 8

Dilnozai Ulugbekzoda - Commander , Web Developer.

Mirzoev Mahmud - IT, Presentation Creator.

Isakova Shakhzoda – Presentation Creator.

Damonov Abubakr - Web Developer.

Azimova Suman – Speaker.

Akmalova Naira – Web Designer.

Team

Sirius

“Twinkle Twinkle Little Star”

Theme

2 of 8

Information about Stars

Star — is a massive self-luminous celestial body, consisting of gas and plasma, in which thermonuclear reactions take place, have taken place or will take place. The closest star to the Earth is the Sun, other stars in the night sky look like points of different brightness, maintaining their relative position. Stars differ in structure and chemical composition, and parameters such as radius, mass, and luminosity can differ by orders of magnitude for different stars.

The most common scheme for classifying stars - by spectral class - is based on their temperature and luminosity.

Over time, stars change their characteristics, as thermonuclear fusion takes place in their depths, as a result of which the chemical composition and mass change - this phenomenon is called the evolution of stars, and depending on the initial mass of the star, it can take place in completely different ways.

|In the picture are 12 constellations.

3 of 8

Variable Stars

Variable stars are stars that change brightness. The brightness changes of these stars can range from a thousandth of a magnitude to as much as twenty magnitudes over periods of a fraction of a second to years, depending on the type of variable star. Over 1,000,000 variable stars are known and catalogued, and many thousands more are suspected to be variable.

There are a number of reasons why variable stars change their brightness. Pulsating variables, for example, swell and shrink due to internal forces. An eclipsing binary will dim when it is eclipsed by a faint companion, and then brighten when the occulting star moves out of the way. Some variable stars are actually extremely close pairs of stars, exchanging mass as one star strips the atmosphere from the other.

Large surveys like TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite), which are searching for stars besides our Sun that might have planets of their own, have found thousands of stars that change in brightness. Each of these stars needs to be observed and studied to determine if the brightness is changing because of the star, the star is in fact a variable or because of the presence of exoplanets orbiting it.

| The variable star U Geminonorum in its bright bright state (left) and its faint state (right).

4 of 8

How Observe Variable Stars?

  • When setting out to observe variable stars, the first thing you need to do is to

choose some.

  • It’s a good idea to start with some variables that are easy to locate.

Some need to be observed more frequently than others. Pulsating Mira-type

stars should only be observed once a week (as their changes are slow).

  • Variable star observing is ideal for observers with binoculars or small telescopes.

You shouldn’t need anything larger than a 102mm refractor for objects brighter

than +8 magnitude.

In fact, you shouldn’t use anything larger than a 4-inch (102mm) telescope

for objects brighter than the 8th magnitude.

  • To begin your observations you’ll need to print off a suitable variable star chart Seeing conditions

aren’t too important for variable stars, but you’ll want the sky to be free of haze and to avoid

observing in strong moonlight.

  • It’s a good idea to record your observations in an astronomical logbook – record the date, time (in

UT – Universal Time), your magnitude estimate and the chart sequence. You should also record

the size and type of telescope used.

5 of 8

NASA Discovery

Scientists have discovered the most distant and ancient star - it is almost the same age as the universe.

Nearly 13 billion light-years is a mind-blowing distance even for a telescope as sharp-sighted as "Hubble". Usually, at this distance, its optics can only see large galaxies, in each of the observed stars. And yet, the NASA space observatory managed to make out at the edge of the universe the ancient star Earendel (Earendel) - an accidental phenomenon predicted by the theory of relativity.

Facts about “Hubble”

  • Hubble is 30 years old. How his pictures are created that change our view of the world.
  • Hubble has found the most distant of all the discovered galaxies NASA's “Hubble”.
  • Telescope captures a new distant galaxy.

|This small cloudy point in the photographs is the mysterious Arendel.

6 of 8

Attracting young people to the space industry

1.Do you know what color the sun is?

1)

2)

The Sun — is one of the stars in our Galaxy (the Milky Way) and the only star in the solar system. Other objects of this system revolve around the Sun: planets and their satellites, dwarf planets and their satellites, asteroids, meteoroids, comets and cosmic dust.

2.Which one is the brightest star in the night sky?

A)Sun B)Sirius

C)Pole Star D)Proxima centauri

|In the photo there is a star Sirius.

7 of 8

The view of the starry sky has attracted people since antiquity, myths and legends of different peoples were associated with the view of constellations or individual luminaries on it, and it is still reflected in culture. Since the time of the first civilizations, astronomers have compiled catalogs of the starry sky, and in the XXI century there are many modern catalogs containing various information for hundreds of millions of stars.

Myths and Legends

Based on observations of the movement of stars and constellations, the rich imagination of ancient people created incredible stories about how stars appeared in the sky. The behavior of constellations in the sky was associated with the behavior of people on earth, but with the only difference that in the past stars were people with extraordinary abilities and were distinguished by either beauty, or heroic strength, or some gift and skill. They could "get" to heaven, getting immortality and staying there forever in the guise of stars, as a result of the reward of the gods or their curse.

Each nation has its own fairy tales about the appearance of different constellations. Here's one of the ancient fairy tales that talks about how Ursa Major appeared in the sky: “Legends of constellations”, “Legend of Ursa Major”, “Jupiter and Callisto“.

|In the photo there is Ursa Major.

|In the photo there are scientists of antiquity.

8 of 8

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Quote: I am hungry for new knowledge. The point is to

learn every day, and include everything brighter

and brighter. That is the essence of this world.

- Jay Z