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DRAWINGS:

( A Graphical Representation)

The Fact about:

If compared with Verbal or Written Description,

Drawings offer far better idea about the Shape, Size & Appearance of

any object or situation or location, that too in quite a less time.

Hence it has become the Best Media of Communication

not only in Engineering but in almost all Fields.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Engineering Graphics

  • What is Engineering Graphics?

​

​

  • What is an Engineering Drawing?

A drawing that communicates an idea or design.

A set of rules and guidelines that help you create an Engineering Drawing.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Drawings

(Some Types)

Nature Drawings

( landscape,

scenery etc.)

Geographical

Drawings

( maps etc.)

Botanical Drawings

( plants, flowers etc.)

Zoological Drawings

(creatures, animals etc.)

Portraits

( human faces,

expressions etc.)

Engineering Drawings,

(projections.)

Machine component Drawings

Building Related Drawings.

Orthographic Projections

(Fv,Tv & Sv.-Mech.Engg terms)

(Plan, Elevation- Civil Engg.terms)

(Working Drawings 2-D type)

Isometric ( Mech.Engg.Term.)

or Perspective(Civil Engg.Term)

(Actual Object Drawing 3-D)

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Types of views

Projections

Converge

Parallel

Orthogonal

Oblique

Axonometric

Multiview

Pictorial drawing

Perspective drawing

Multi-view drawing

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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PROJECTION

The projection is used to graphically represent 3-D objects on 2-D media (paper, computer screen).

​

​

The projection is based on two variables:

  1. Line of sight
  2. Plane of projection (image plane or picture plane)

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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​

Line of sight is an imaginary ray of light between an observer’s eye and an object.

Line of sight

Parallel projection

Line of sight

Perspective projection

There are 2 types of LOS : parallel and converge

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Plane of projection is an imaginary flat plane which the image is created.

The image is produced by connecting the points where the LOS pierce the projection plane.

Parallel projection

Plane of projection

Perspective projection

Plane of projection

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Projection: Graphical representation of 3-D object on 2-D media (Paper/screen)

Thick Lines

​

Thin Lines

All projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane:

Orthogonal Projections

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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When the projectors are parallel to each other and also perpendicular to the plane, the projection is called Orthographic Projection.

3D

​

2D

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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5

Orthographic projection is a parallel projection technique

in which the parallel lines of sight are perpendicular to the projection plane

MEANING

Object views from top

Projection plane

1

2

3

​

​

4

1 5

2

3 4

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Orthographic Projection

  • Orthographic projection = 2-D representation of a 3-D object.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Orthographic Projection

  • An orthographic projection represents different sides of an object.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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The Six Principal Views

  • The 6 principal views are created by looking at the object, straight on, in the directions indicated.

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ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:

Horizontal Plane (HP),

Vertical Frontal Plane ( VP )

Side Or Profile Plane ( PP)

Planes.

Pattern of planes & Pattern of views

Methods of drawing Orthographic Projections

Different Reference planes are

FV is a view projected on VP.�TV is a view projected on HP.�SV is a view projected on PP.

And

Different Views are Front View (FV), Top View (TV) and Side View (SV)

IMPORTANT TERMS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS:

IT IS A TECHNICAL DRAWING IN WHICH DIFFERENT VIEWS OF AN OBJECT

ARE PROJECTED ON DIFFERENT REFERENCE PLANES �OBSERVING PERPENDICULAR TO RESPECTIVE REFERENCE PLANE

1

2

3

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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A.I.P.

⊥ to Vp

&

∠ to Hp

A.V.P.

⊥ to Hp & ∠ to Vp

PLANES

PRINCIPAL PLANES

HP AND VP

AUXILIARY PLANES

Auxiliary Vertical Plane

(A.V.P.)

Profile Plane

( P.P.)

Auxiliary Inclined Plane

(A.I.P.)

1

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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THIS IS A PICTORIAL SET-UP OF ALL THREE PLANES.

ARROW DIRECTION IS A NORMAL WAY OF OBSERVING THE OBJECT.

BUT IN THIS DIRECTION ONLY VP AND A VIEW ON IT (FV) CAN BE SEEN.

THE OTHER PLANES AND VIEWS ON THOSE CAN NOT BE SEEN.

X

Y

HP IS ROTATED DOWNWARD 900

AND

BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP.

​

PP IS ROTATED IN RIGHT SIDE 900

AND

BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP.

X

Y

X

Y

VP

HP

PP

FV

ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS

OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

DRAWN IN

FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS

LSV

TV

PROCEDURE TO SOLVE ABOVE PROBLEM:-

TO MAKE THOSE PLANES ALSO VISIBLE FROM THE ARROW DIRECTION,

A) HP IS ROTATED 900 DOUNWARD

B) PP, 900 IN RIGHT SIDE DIRECTION.

THIS WAY BOTH PLANES ARE BROUGHT IN THE SAME PLANE CONTAINING VP.

PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS (First Angle Method)

2

Click to view Animation

On clicking the button if a warning comes please click YES to continue, this program is

safe for your pc.

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Projection systems

First quadrant

Third quadrant

Transparent planes

Opaque planes

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Methods of Drawing Orthographic Projections

First Angle Projections Method

Here views are drawn

by placing object

in 1st Quadrant

( Fv above X-y, Tv below X-y )

Third Angle Projections Method

Here views are drawn

by placing object

in 3rd Quadrant.

( Tv above X-y, Fv below X-y )

FV

TV

X

Y

X

Y

G

L

TV

FV

SYMBOLIC

PRESENTATION

OF BOTH METHODS

WITH AN OBJECT

STANDING ON HP ( GROUND)

ON IT’S BASE.

3

NOTE:-

HP term is used in 1st Angle method

&

For the same

Ground term is used

in 3rd Angle method of projections

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Projection symbols

1st angle system 3rd angle system

d

1.7d

2.2d

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

{ MACHINE ELEMENTS }

OBJECT IS OBSERVED IN THREE DIRECTIONS.

THE DIRECTIONS SHOULD BE NORMAL

TO THE RESPECTIVE PLANES.

AND NOW PROJECT THREE DIFFERENT VIEWS ON THOSE PLANES.

THESE VEWS ARE FRONT VIEW , TOP VIEW AND SIDE VIEW.

FRONT VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON VERTICAL PLANE ( VP )

TOP VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON HORIZONTAL PLANE ( HP )

SIDE VIEW IS A VIEW PROJECTED ON PROFILE PLANE ( PP )

AND THEN STUDY NEXT 26 ILLUSTRATED CASES CAREFULLY.

TRY TO RECOGNIZE SURFACES

PERPENDICULAR TO THE ARROW DIRECTIONS

FIRST STUDY THE CONCEPT OF 1ST AND 3RD ANGLE

PROJECTION METHODS

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FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

FIRST ANGLE

PROJECTION

IN THIS METHOD,

THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE

SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT

MEANS

ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP.

OBJECT IS INBETWEEN

OBSERVER & PLANE.

ACTUAL PATTERN OF

PLANES & VIEWS

IN

FIRST ANGLE METHOD

OF PROJECTIONS

X

Y

VP

HP

PP

FV

LSV

TV

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ACTUAL PATTERN OF

PLANES & VIEWS

OF

THIRD ANGLE PROJECTIONS

X

TV

LSV

FV

IN THIS METHOD,

THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE

SITUATED IN THIRD QUADRANT

( BELOW HP & BEHIND OF VP. )

PLANES BEING TRANSPERENT

AND INBETWEEN

OBSERVER & OBJECT.

FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

Y

THIRD ANGLE

PROJECTION

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Projection systems

1. First angle system

- European countries

2. Third angle system

- Canada, USA, Japan, Thailand

First quadrant

Third quadrant

- ISO standard

Transparent planes

Opaque planes

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First-angle Projection Method

Third-angle Projection Method

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Difference Between �First-angle Projection Method and Third-angle Projection Method.

Sr. No.

First-angle projection method

Third-angle projection method

1

The object is kept in the first quadrant.

The object is kept in the third quadrant.

2

The object lies between the observer and the plane of projection.

The plane of projection lies between the observer and the object.

3

The plane of projection is assumed to be non-transparent.

The plane of projection is assumed to be transparent.

4

In this method, when the views are drawn in their relative positions, the plan comes below the elevation, the view of the object as observed from the left-side is drawn to the right of elevation.

In this method, when the views are drawn in their relative positions, the plan comes above the elevation, left hand side view is drawn to the left hand side of the elevation.

​

5

This method of projection is now recommended by the “Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)” from 1991.

This method of projection is used in U.S.A and also in other countries.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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1st Angle & 3rd Angle

  • Which orthographic projection uses 1st angle projection and which uses 3rd.

3rd Angle

1st Angle

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Summary : Problem solving steps

1

2

3

4

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Exercise

  • Fill the following dotted orthographic projection with the appropriate line types.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Fill in the visible lines in to top view.

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Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Fill in the visible lines in to front view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Fill in the visible lines in to right side view.

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Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Fill in the hidden lines in to front, top and right side views.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Draw the center lines in all the views.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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NOTICE!

The small dashes cross in the middle.

NOTICE!

The center line connects between features in the same view.

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Orthographic Projection

1.7) Creating an Orthographic Projection

Copyright ©2010 by K. Plantenberg

Restricted use only

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Choose a front view.
    • Which view shows the most about the object?

C

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Decide how many views are needed.
    • How many and which views?

​

2

Front

Top

For procedural reasons, we will continue this example by drawing all 3 standard views.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw the visible features of the front view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw projectors off of the front view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw the top view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Project back to the front view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw a 45° projector off the front view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw projectors over to the 45° line and down.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw the right side view.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Project back if needed.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

  • Draw centerlines where necessary.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Creating an Orthographic Projection

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Completed Drawing

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Exercise

Missing lines 1

Copyright ©2010 by K. Plantenberg

Restricted use only

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Exercise

  • Fill in the missing lines in the front, right side, and top views.

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1 missing visible line in the front view.

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The right side view has 1 missing visible line and 2 missing hidden lines.

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The top view has 5 missing visible lines and 2 missing hidden lines.

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Exercise

Missing lines 2

Copyright ©2010 by K. Plantenberg

Restricted use only

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Exercise

  • Fill in the missing lines in the top, front, and right side views.

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The top view has 1 missing visible line.

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The front view has 4 missing visible lines and 4 missing center lines.

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The right side view has 2 missing hidden lines and 1 missing center line.

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Exercise

Drawing an orthographic projection

Copyright ©2010 by K. Plantenberg

Restricted use only

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Exercise

  • Shade in the surfaces that will appear in the front, top, and right side views.

​

  • Estimating the distances, draw the front, top, and right side views.

​

  • Identify the surfaces with the appropriate letter in the orthographic projection.

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1) Shade in the surfaces of the front view.

​

2) Draw the front view.

​

3) Identify the surfaces.

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1) Shade in the surfaces of the right side view.

​

2) Draw the right side view.

​

3) Identify the surfaces.

Notice the horizontal and vertical projectors.

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1) Shade in the surfaces of the top view.

​

2) Draw the top view.

​

3) Identify the surfaces.

Notice the 45 deg. projector

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Exercise

Drawing an orthographic projection

Copyright ©2010 by K. Plantenberg

Restricted use only

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Exercise

  • Identify the best choice for the front view.
  • Estimating the distances, draw the front, top, and right side views.

Front view = A

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x

y

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR T.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

1

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

75 of 102

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR T.V.

X

Y

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

2

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR T.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

X

Y

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

3

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FOR F.V.

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

4

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

5

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

6

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

7

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Z

STUDY

ILLUSTRATIONS

X

Y

50

20

25

25

20

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

8

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

FOR S.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

9

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

83 of 102

FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

10

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

11

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

12

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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x

FV

35

35

10 y

20 30

10

40

70

​

TV

DRAW FV AND TV OF GIVEN OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mistakes !!!!!

10

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Z

STUDY

ILLUSTRATIONS

x

y

FV

35

35

10

TV

30

20

10

40

70

O

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

13

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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SV

TV

FV

30

​

10

​

30

x y

30

10 30

ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL!!!

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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Z

STUDY

ILLUSTRATIONS

SV

TV

y

x

FV

30

30

10

30

10

30

ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL

FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

14

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

90 of 102

x

y

FV

SV

Z

STUDY

ILLUSTRATIONS

TV

10

40

60

60

40

ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL

FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

15

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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FOR T.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

16

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

x

y

FV

SV

ALL VIEWS IDENTICAL

40

60

60

40

10

TOP VIEW

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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40

20

30 SQUARE

20

50

60

30

10

F.V.

S.V.

O

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

17

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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50

80

10

30 D

TV

O

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

18

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

40

10

45

FV

O

X

Y

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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X

Y

FV

O

40

10

10

TV

25

25

30 R

100

10

30

10

20 D

FOR F.V.

O

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

19

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FOR T.V.

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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R 10

R 15

TV

R 30

10

30

50

10

35

FV

X

Y

DRAW FV AND TV OF GIVEN OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

TOP VIEW

R 10

R 15

R 30

10

30

50

10

35

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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O

20 D

30 D

60 D

TV

10

30

50

10

35

FV

X

Y

RECT.

SLOT

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

20

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

TOP VIEW

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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O

O

40

25

80

F.V.

10

15

25

25

25

25

10

S.V.

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

21

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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450

X

FV

Y

30

40

TV

30 D

40

40

15

O

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

22

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

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O

O

20

20

15

40

100

30

60

30

20

20

50

HEX PART

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV ABD SV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

23

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

L.H.SIDE VIEW

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

100 of 102

O

10

30

10

80

30

T.V.

O

10

30

40

20

F.V.

X

Y

FOR T.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND TV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

24

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

FRONT VIEW

TOP VIEW

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

101 of 102

LSV

Y

25

25

10

50

FV

X

10

10

15

O

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND LSV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

25

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering

102 of 102

Y

X

F.V.

LEFT S.V.

20

20

10

15

15

15

30

10

30

50

15

FOR S.V.

FOR F.V.

O

PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN

DRAW FV AND SV OF THIS OBJECT

BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

26

ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS

Mr. Rugnesh Patel

CHAMOS Matrusanstha Department of Mechanical Engineering