1 of 14

Exploring Public Banks and Alternative Financing

Dr. Thomas Marois

Reader in Development Studies

SOAS University of London

tm47@soas.ac.uk

@Thomas_Marois (Twitter)

TUED South - Regional Policy Meeting

A Public Pathway for sub-Saharan Africa:

Meeting the Challenges of Energy Transition

16 – 18 May 2023

2 of 14

Public Banks for Just Energy Transitions?

There is no pathway to financing energy transitions that will not go through public banks.

But will this pathway be just? This is the struggle.

3 of 14

A world of public banks

Over $49 trillion in assets

Over 900 worldwide

What is a

‘public bank’?

4 of 14

What is �‘public purpose’�public banking?

We are a bank of and for the public sector, which is why we enjoy good relationships with local authorities and the central government.’

NWB (Dutch Water Bank) Annual Report 2020

The purpose of the Bank is to invest and seek to attract investment from private sector investors and institutional investors in infrastructure projects … that will generate revenue.’

Canada Infrastructure Bank Act (2017)

5 of 14

What alternatives do public banks potentially offer?

6 of 14

Set 'green' floors 

Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)

Head of Sustainability and Mandate, Luca De Lorenzo

NIB’s updated Sustainability Policy reflects that we are running out of time, and that we really need to step up efforts to decarbonise the energy sector. So, we are taking a very clear stance, we will not finance any fossil fuel-based energy generation.

NIB https://www.nib.int/who-we-are/our-impact/disclosure/public-consultation-sustainability-policy.

Environment & sustainability prior to productivity gains

7 of 14

‘’No one can compete�since no one dares to lend more�cheaply!’��(Güngen 2022, 774)

Catalysts for Municipal Transformation

8 of 14

Catalysts for Stable Transformation

  • 90-95% of FEC borrowing is in domestic markets

  • Local borrowing reduces exchange rate risks for the public sector and local authorities

9 of 14

Mandate-based institutions:

We are the strategic partner of the National Government and territorial entities for the planning, structuring, financing and execution of sustainable projects that transform territories.

Financing for municipalities and local authorities is offered at cheaper than market rates.

10 of 14

Cooperative-Public-Public Partnerships

11 of 14

A policy-, not profit-, maximizing entity

12 of 14

�The contested functions of public banks�shape evolving �meaning of �public ownership

Social Forces

Institutional Functions

Public Banks

Not essentially good or bad

Only ever as good as we make them

13 of 14

Tasks for Trade Unions

Identify public banks in your region that are funding energy infrastructure.

Identify

Meet with the public bank to discuss shared and differing priorities for funding just energy transitions.

Meet

Report back to TUED South on what ‘works best’ and what ‘works worst’ for public banks and energy transitions.

Report back

14 of 14

THANK YOU!

Thomas Marois

SOAS University of London

(incoming) Professor of Political Science, McMaster University, Canada

tm47@soas.ac.uk

@Thomas_Marois (Twitter)