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China Notebook Pages

  • 12R: Ancient China
  • 13L: China Map
  • 13R: Geography Notes
  • 14L: Great Wall DBQ BE
  • 14R: Geography Notes
  • 15L: Philosophy Doc A
  • 15R: Religion Notes

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China Notebook Pages

  • 16L: Philosophy Doc B
  • 16R: Religion Notes
  • 17L: Confucius Article
  • 17R: Religion Notes
  • 18L:
  • 18R: Religion Notes
  • 19L: Great Wall Anchor Chart
  • 19R: Achievement Notes

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China Notebook Pages

  • 20L:
  • 20R: Achievements Notes
  • 21L: Dynasty Timeline
  • 21R: Politics Notes
  • 22L: Great Wall DBQ Doc A
  • 22R: Politics Notes
  • 23L: Great Wall DBQ Doc D
  • 23R: Politics Notes

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China Notebook Pages

  • 24L: Great Wall DBQ Doc E
  • 24R: Politics Notes
  • 25L: Great Wall DBQ Bucketing
  • 25R: Economics Notes
  • 26L:
  • 26R: Social Structure Notes
  • 27L: Great Wall DBQ Scaffold WS
  • 27R: Great Wall DBQ Body Paragraph

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China Notebook Pages

  • 28L: GRA and BE/Doc A Quiz
  • 28R: PES and Doc D/E Quiz
  • 29L:
  • 29R: Ch 22-24 Study Guide

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Ancient China

Chapters 19-24

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7

How did Geography

affect settlement

in Ancient China?

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8

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9

Geography Facts

  • China is located in eastern Asia.

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  • It is slightly smaller than the United States.

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  • Across the East China Sea is China’s long-time rival, Japan.

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  • Across the South China Sea is another rival, Taiwan.

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10

Yellow and Yangtze Rivers

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  • The Yellow River, known as the Huang He

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  • The Yangtze River (“yang see”), known as the Chang Jiang

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  • Both rivers promoted settlement in China, which provided a stable food supply.

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**What other civilizations settled near a river which provided a stable food supply?

Huang He

Yangtze

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11

  • The silt settles to the bottom of the riverbed.
  • At times the riverbed fills with silt and the river overflows, causing flooding which provides fertile soil.

The Yellow River (Huang He)

  • It is where Chinese civilization started (during the Shang Dynasty)
  • The river gets its name from its yellowish color, which comes from the silt of the Gobi Desert.

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12

Mouth of the Yellow River

Loess Plateau in China (note the color)

Loess Plateau in China

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13

Yellow River

Yangtze River

Himalayas

Gobi Desert

Taklimakan Desert

Plateau of

Tibet

North China

Plain

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14

China has natural barriers (mountains, deserts, rocky plateaus) from other civilizations, which kept China isolated. This prevented new ideas from spreading in and out of China and the creation of a central government.

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  • To the southwest is the Himalaya Mountains and Tibetan Plateau.
  • To the west is the Taklimakan Desert.
  • To the north is the Gobi Desert.
  • To the east is the Pacific Ocean.
  • Invaders entered China from the north.

The Himalayas, from the International Space Station, NASA

Natural Barriers = Isolation

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15

The Gobi Desert

Taklamakan Desert

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16

How did Religion

affect the people

in Ancient China?

(Philosophy)

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17

Shang Dynasty

Shang burial figure

  • They believed in ancestor worship.
    • They honored dead ancestors through offerings and human sacrifices.
  • They used oracle bones to ask ancestors for advice.

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18

Zhou Dynasty

  • Believed in the Mandate of Heaven
    • Heaven was a power that controlled human destiny. King was son of Heaven. King ruled well=Heaven gave him the right to rule.
  • The Chinese believed that disasters like floods and famine would occur if the ruler lost the approval of the gods.

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19

Confucius

Confucius was born in 551 BCE. Around 500 BCE, Confucius came up with his philosophy (answer) in response to the chaos and disorder in China: institute moral values.

Confucianism-founded by Confucius

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Confucianism was based on universal truths:

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  • To love others
  • To honor one's parents
  • “Don't do to others what you would not want yourself”
    • People are to respect and obey those above them (proper behavior).
    • To rule by moral example instead of by laws, force and violence (moral leadership)
    • Confucius said, “Your job is to govern, not to kill; Good government leads by example, not by law.”

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21

  • Daoism was created sometime between 500-300 BCE by Laozi
  • Developed to create order in society
  • Live in harmony with nature and seek inner peace
  • Daoism offered salvation to rich and poor alike.
  • Yin/Yang: balancing opposite forces of nature
  • Give up worldly desires and concerns about the world

“Dao” means “The Way”

Daoist temple

in Taiwan

Daoism/Taoism

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22

Legalism

  • Based on the teachings of Hanfeizi (280-233 BCE)
  • Another philosophy to help society after the warring states period
  • Taught that people are basically selfish
  • Involved strict laws and harsh punishments for breaking them
  • The emperor of the Qin Dynasty strongly supported Legalism

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Hanfeizi

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23

How did Achievements

affect the people

in Ancient China?

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24

Qin Achievements

  • The Great Wall was begun in 221 BCE by Emperor Qin Shihuangdi.
  • Qin Shihuangdi used forced labor (peasants) to build the Great Wall.
  • Thousands of Chinese died during its construction, and many were buried in the wall itself.

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25

Qin Achievements

  • Standardization
    • Qin Shihuangdi standardized Chinese law, currency, weights and measurements.
    • This made trade and business easier and helped unite China.
    • He also standardized Chinese writing, doing away with regional differences.

Copper coins with square holes in the middle

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Modern Great Wall-�probably built by the Ming

26

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Qin Wall

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Han Wall

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Han Wall

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30

Chinese

silk making

Chinese Silk

  • The silk industry expanded throughout China.
  • Silk was sold to Rome, which made China very wealthy.

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  • Young men were chosen by local gov’t and sent to capital to complete the civil service test.
  • Huge change from Qin Dynasty
  • Han gov’t officials were chosen based on the results of this test.

Bureaucracy - Civil Service Test for Gov’t Officials

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32

How did Politics

affect the people

in Ancient China?

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33

Xia Dynasty

Shang Dynasty

  • Centered around the Huang He river valley

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34

Zhou Dynasty

  • The Zhou dynasty defeated the Shang and took control in 1100s BCE.
  • They believed they had the divine right to rule through the Mandate of Heaven.

Zhou in dark green

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35

  • Installed Feudalism
    • Kings gave land to lords
    • Lords would send soldiers to fight for king
    • Peasants worked land and gave crops to lords for their protection

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36

Bronze sword, Warring States

Dagger, late Zhou dynasty

  • Small states warring led to the loss of power of the Zhou.
    • This was the beginning of the Warring States period.
  • This led to many schools of thought (Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism, etc.)

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37

Qin Dynasty

  • In 221 BCE, the Qin conquered all of China and made himself the first emperor of China, taking the name Qin Shihuangdi.
  • He was strongly influenced by Legalism.
  • The Qin dynasty only lasted until 207 BCE.

Emperor Qin

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  • Qin Shihuangdi standardized Chinese law, currency, weights and measurements.
  • This made trade easier and helped unite China.
  • Was criticized by Confucianists and Daoists for not caring about his people
    • Was an intolerant ruler and ordered that 460 scholars be buried alive.

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39

Han Dynasty

Liu Bang

  • China was reunited under Liu (“Loo”) Bang.
  • The Han dynasty lasted for over 400 years, from 206 BCE until 220 CE (longer than Qin).
  • Time of power and prosperity.

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40

End of the Han Dynasty

  • The Han dynasty fell in 220 CE
  • Rival warlords and military commanders had grown too powerful for the emperor to control.
  • China collapsed into three warring states.

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41

How did Economics

affect the people

in Ancient China? (11R)

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42

Standardization-11R

  • Unified the civilization.
  • Made trade easier.

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43

Silk Road

  • 4,000 mile long network of roads
  • Caused changes in art, religion, military methods
    • Spread Buddhism from India into China (diffusion)
  • Weather and geographic features made traveling difficult.
  • Traveled in groups for protection from bandits

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How did Social Structure

affect the people

in Ancient China?

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  • Kings and relatives-highest

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  • Nobles

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  • Craftspeople

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  • Traders

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  • Farmers

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  • Slaves-lowest

Shang Dynasty

Bronze ax head

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  • Kings-owned all the land
  • Lords-sent soldiers to fight for kings after getting a small piece of land
  • Peasants-worked the land and gave crops to lords for protection

Zhou Dynasty

Soldier helmet