Using This Presentation
2. Add visual styling and make other changes to suit your� needs
3. Check the speaker notes on each slide for additional info
4. Delete this slide
OER, the 5Rs, and�Creative Commons
The Shortest Possible Introduction
David Wiley, Lumen Learning
This presentation is licensed CC BY
Overview
Open Educational Resources
Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (1) in the public domain or (2) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities.
What Are The 5R Activities?
The 5Rs are shorthand way of remembering the activities�a license must permit you to engage in with regard to an educational resource for that resource to be properly considered an Open Educational Resource (OER).
Retain | make, own, and control a copy of the resource (e.g., download and keep your own copy) |
Revise | edit, adapt, and modify your copy of the resource (e.g., translate into another language) |
Remix | combine your original or revised copy of the resource with other existing material to create something new (e.g., make a mashup) |
Reuse | use your original, revised, or remixed copy of the resource publicly (e.g., on a website, in a presentation, in a class) |
Redistribute | share copies of your original, revised, or remixed copy of the resource with others (e.g., post a copy online or give one to a friend) |
The 5R Activities
Creative Commons
CC is the author and steward of a family of copyright licenses that provide a free and easy mechanism for a copyright holder to:
(1) provide everyone in the world with permission to engage in a specific set of activities (like the 5Rs),
(2) given that they abide by specific conditions.
Creative Commons
Creative Commons licenses are the global standard for openly sharing creative works.
As of 2021, over 2 billion works had been licensed with one of the Creative Commons licenses.
CC Licenses - Families of Conditions
(1) All licenses require the user to provide attribution
(2) The licenses provide three options around the creation and distribution of derivative works
(3) The licenses provide two options around commercial use
CC License Conditions - Attribution
When exercising any of the rights granted you under a CC license, you are required to provide attribution to anyone designated by the licensor (could be one or more creators, organizations, etc.)
This condition, represented by the icon and shortened to “BY”, is present in all six Creative Commons licenses
CC License Conditions - Derivative Works
A derivative work is a new work based on an existing, copyrighted work that is sufficiently creative to deserve �its own copyright
Clear examples: Making a book into a movie, translating �an essay into another language
Clear non-examples: Correcting punctuation or spelling, converting an essay from PDF to HTML
CC License Conditions - Derivative Works
The 3 options
1. No mention / no icon - derivative works can be created �and shared
2. ShareAlike (SA) - if derivatives are shared, they must be shared under the same license as the original work
3. NoDerivatives (ND) - derivatives can be created but not shared (changes that don’t result in derivatives can be shared)
CC License Conditions - Commercial Use
Commercial use is defined as “primarily intended for or directed towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation”
This definition is written in an intentionally vague manner �in order to encourage over-compliance
Commercial use is always defined in terms of how the resource is used and never defined in terms of who the �user is (e.g., a for-profit or non-profit)
CC License Conditions - Commercial Use
The 2 options
No mention / no icon - commercial use is allowed
Noncommercial (NC) - commercial use is not allowed
| Derivatives �Can Be Shared | Derivatives Can Be Shared ONLY IF �You Share Alike | Derivatives �CANNOT Be Shared |
Commercial Use Allowed | | | |
Commercial Use �NOT Allowed | | | |
The Six Creative Commons Licenses
All Licenses Require Attribution
The CC Licenses & The 5R Activities
| | | | | | |
Retain | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Revise | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✘ | ✘ |
Remix | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✘ | ✘ |
Reuse | ✔ | ✔ | ⁇ | ⁇ | ✔ | ⁇ |
Redistribute | ✔ | ✔ | ⁇ | ⁇ | ✔ | ⁇ |
✔ Definitely Allowed ✘ Definitely Not Allowed ⁇ Possibly Allowed
| Is this OER? | Is it safe to use in my OER work? |
| Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes |
| Yes* | Maybe. What are the odds that the licensor will interpret your use as commercial? Are you willing to take that risk? |
| Yes* | Maybe. What are the odds that the licensor will interpret your use as commercial? Are you willing to take that risk? |
| No | No |
| No | No |
CC Legal Tools - CC Zero
You use CC0 to dedicate a work to the public domain by waiving all of your copyright (and neighboring rights, if any) in a work, to the fullest extent permitted by law.
If the waiver isn’t effective for any reason, then CC0 acts as a license from the affirmer granting the public an unconditional, irrevocable, non exclusive, royalty free license to use the work for any purpose.
CC Legal Tools - Public Domain Mark
Using the Public Domain Mark, you can mark a work that is free of known copyright restrictions and clearly convey that status. When applied properly, the PDM allows the work to be easily discovered, and provides valuable information about the work.