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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Dr. Tamseela Mumtaz

Saliva & Teeth

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Oral Cavity�

Lips

  • A  pair of lips protects the oral cavity (mouth)
  • Lips are highly vascularized, skeletal muscle tissue with an abundance of sensory nerve endings
  • Lips helps retain food as it is being chewed and play an important role in phonation (the modification of sound)
  • The oral cavity contain the tongue and teeth
  • Mammals can mechanically process a wide range of food because their teeth are covered with enamel(hardest material in the body) and because their jaws and teeth exert a strong force

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Oral Cavity�

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Oral Cavity

Saliva

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  • The oral cavity is continuously bathed with saliva
  • Saliva is a watery fluid that at-least three pair of salivary glands secrete

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Salivary Glands-three pairs

    • 1. Parotid: largest.
    • a.Serous.
    • b. Parotid duct enters the oral cavity adjacent to the 2nd upper molar

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    • 2. Sublingual: smallest.
    • a.Mixed, but primarily mucous.
    • b.Each has 10-12 ducts that enter the floor of the oral cavity.

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    • 3. Submandibular: mixed,
    • a.Posterior half of inferior border of mandible.
    • b.Duct enters oral cavity on either side of lingual frenulum

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I. Functions of Saliva

    • 1. Enzyme lysozyme, which kill microorganisms
    • 2. Lubrication
    • 3. Contains salivary amylase that breaks down starch into disaccharides (digestion of carbohydrate)
    • 4. Saliva moistens the food into moist mass called a bolus
    • 5. Saliva also contains bicarbonate ions which buffer chemicals in the mouth

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Structure of Teeth

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Structure of Teeth

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Structure of Teeth

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