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Climate: Investigating Impacts

Bangladesh Perspective

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Panelist

Shamsuddin Illius

September 21, 2023

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MOVING MIGRANTS

SEA LEVEL RISE

• IPCC estimates - sea level has rising an average 5 millimeters per year in Bangladesh

• Bangladesh Environment Department estimates 10 millimeters

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• Costal cities including Dhaka-Sinking 20mm per year

• Out 64 districts 19 are coastal districts, Total population 167million

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• Rising sea levels will submerge around 17% of the country's coastal lands

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• Displace about 20 million people by 2050.

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• Climate change is costing the country 1% of its gross domestic product (GDP) every year

Major impacts

MIGRATION

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• Migration : Internal and External
• Daily 2000 people moving to Dhaka
• Moving to Europe/ USA
• Growing climate migrants slums
• Depriving from basic needs
• Trafficking ( female are main targets)
• Drugs dealing
• Children not getting birth registration
• Policy gap– no legal protection for migrants
• Increasing poverty

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Useful links to track migrations?

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• Track – Internal Displacement

Monitoring Center (IDMC) for migration/ natural disaster

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• Migration Data Portal

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• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction

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• Displacement Tracking Matrix

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• Bangladesh Disaster Preparedness Centre

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• Monitoring coastal changes– CEGIS-Center for Environmental and Geographic Information Services.

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Useful link to investigate impacts of salinity

International ground water resources assessment center

1. . Bangladesh Soil Resource Development Institute

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Useful link to investigate impacts of salinity

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• International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
• . Bangladesh Soil Resource Development Institute
• Bangladesh water Development Board
• International Ground water resources assessment Centre

Salinity increased 26% in 35 years

LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY/ BUFFALO

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• Infertility, malnutrition, frequent illness

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• Buffalo was main sources of protein of coastal people

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• Salinity causes reproductive system hampered population fall over 60% in 2 decades, flood, Lightening other major causes

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• Culture of serving buffalo yogurt/ sweet in different ceremony losing from

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• Fall milk buffalo rises import of powder milk

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• Profession shift from buffalo rearing to salt cultivation

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IMPACTS OF BUFFALO

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IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE

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• 25% food production under threats
• Salinity 16 deci per meter
• Rising sea levels are forcing farmers out of their jobs.
• Many farmers are forced to move to cities for livelihood.
• Many coastal farming families have been displaced.
• Due to the saline water, many families are trying to survive by cultivating floating crops.
• High tidal pressure and salinity are making cropland uncultivable.
• Many farmers in distressed areas are left out of government support.
• Coastal farmers are not able to make a living depending on agriculture alone.

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SOME TECHNIQUES TO OVERCOME CHALLENGES

Tracking record of hospitals for diseases– such dengue

THANK YOU