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GOAL

To learn about sound and design a solution to combat noise pollution

Sound & Acoustics

Mitigating Noise Pollution

2025-08-18_v1.0

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Breakout Development Team

DYLAN WEBER

College: Fairfield University

Major: Mechanical Engineering

JULIAN CENTENO

College: SUNY Polytechnic Institute ‘23

Major: Mechanical Engineering Technology

TRAVIS SLUSS

College: SUNY Purchase, BS ‘07

Major: Studio Production

Industry Experience: MacInspires, �Red Lotus Productions

CAROLINE GILLESPIE

College: University of Notre Dame ‘23

Major: Mechanical Engineering

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OUTLINE

Sound Conceptual Basics

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Build your Own Noise Pollution System

2

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Sound Conceptual Basics

PART 1

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Sound Fundamentals

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Video Recap

ANSWER ME! List three new things you learned about sound!

List your answers here.

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What is Sound: Summary

Sound is created when something vibrates and sends out waves of energy

Vibrations travel through mediums, which include:

Stronger vibrations = more energy = louder sound

  • Air
  • Water
  • Solids

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Pitch and Frequency

Sound changes depending on speed of vibration

Pitch is the quality of a sound (high / low)

  • Depends on frequency of vibration
  • Fast vibration = high pitched sound
  • Slow vibration = low pitched sound

Frequency is # of times per second that a sound pressure wave repeats itself

  • Units of frequency are called Hertz (Hz)
  • Humans hear sounds between 20-20,000 Hz

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ANSWER ME!

What was the highest frequency you could hear? Compare your number with people around you!

Type your answer here.

Test your Ears!

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What Frequency Range do Animals Hear?

  • Go to this website: https://onlinetonegenerator.com
  • Listen to 440 hertz
  • Change it to 880, an octave up, and listen
  • Change it to 1K and listen. Sound familiar?
  • Change it to 5k and listen.
  • What’s the highest frequency you can hear?
  • What do you think it would be like to be able to hear higher pitched sounds like many of the animals listed on this chart?

Frequency Activity

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Measuring Sound

  • Rustling leaves (20 - 30 dB)
  • Thunderclap (120 dB)
  • Siren (120 - 140 dB)

Sound measured in decibels (dB)

  • Power lawn mowers (90 decibels)
  • Subway trains (90 to 115 decibels)
  • Rock concerts (110 to 120 decibels)

Sounds that reach 85 decibels or higher can harm a person’s ears.

LEAVES

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Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is considered to be any unwanted or disturbing sound that affects the health and well-being of humans and other organisms.

Noise pollution impacts millions of people on a daily basis. The most common health problem it causes is Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL).

These health problems can affect all age groups, especially children. Many children who live near noisy airports or streets have been found to suffer from stress, impairments in memory, attention level, and reading skill.

Type your answer here.

ANSWER ME!

List as many sources of noise pollution you’ve

experienced in the past 24 hours.

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Health Effects of Noise Pollution

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How Can We Reduce Sound Pollution?

Existing Systems

How Absorptive Noise Barrier Walls Reduce Noise

  • A noise barrier or sound wall made with absorptive materials literally diffuses the sound so that there is little to no sound being reflected back into the environment.
  • Hard surfaces, such as concrete, reflect sound, sending it back into the environment (sometimes even making the sound louder!) not having any benefit for noise reduction.

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Build Your Own Noise Pollution System

PART 2

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Imagine you are a team of acoustical engineers.

  • How can you use the Engineering Process to create a sound barrier to reduce noise pollution?
  • How can you break down this task into smaller, more manageable problems?

THINK

The following slides will walk you through the engineering process to build a soundproof barrier!

The Engineering Design Process

Click HERE for more information on the Engineering Design Process!

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Make a Sketch!

  1. What comes to mind when you think of soundproofing? What materials and what shapes?

  • Draw a few sketches of what you think will make an effective soundproof barrier.

  • Every idea counts - even the wild ones!

  • Hold onto these ideas until we start designing!

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Lab Instructions

  1. Download a volume meter app (decibel level meter) �or “Sound Meter” for Android if you’re using a phone and�“Online Sound Meter” for Web Browser” if you’re using a computer
  2. Place the buzzer 90 cm (36 inches) away from the bottom of the decibel level meter.
  3. Measure and record the dB volume level of the buzzer on the provided Activity Sheet.
  4. As a team, brainstorm and create a sound barrier with the provided materials as well as materials from around your house or school. Consider trying different materials and different orientations. Place the sound barrier between the buzzer and the decibel meter and take measurements.
  5. Iterate on your team’s design and continue to notate measurements as you fill out the Activity Sheet. Keep in mind the amount of space the noise barrier takes up is a real-life concern. It would be easier to reduce noise if we could take up more and more space. Keep your designs less than 30 cm thick.
  6. Fill out the remainder of your Activity Sheet. Which designs worked the best? Why?

Place your buzzer here

Place your decibel level meter here

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STUDENT KIT ITEMS

1 kit: 3 students

Item/Link

Quantity

Photo

1

Buzzer

(12V or 24V)

1

OR

1

2

1

TEACHER’S KIT

Materials will be distributed throughout the class.

Item/Link

Quantity

Photo

6

Buzzers

(12V or 24V)

3

OR

1

The Components for Sound & Acoustics

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Materials

  • Different materials affect sound in different ways
  • The acoustic panel you received is an absorbent material, meaning that when the sound waves reach the panel, most of those waves get converted to heat. Recording studios commonly use acoustic panels to create a desirable acoustic environment for recording.
  • Wood and stone are examples of reflective materials, meaning that most of the sound waves are reflected back, rather than absorbed. These are the materials architects might use when trying to create a space with an echo.
  • What materials do you around you that you think might be useful? Do your own research! Are they reflective or absorbent?

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Textbooks

Other Examples of Materials

Aluminum Foil

Textbooks

Ziploc Bags

Paper Rolls

Wood

Do some research!

Jacket

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Step One: Identify the Problem

ANSWER ME! What are some real world problems a sound barrier can solve?

Type your answer here.

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Step Two: Research

ANSWER ME! What solutions already exist to manage noise pollution?

Type your answer here

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Some Examples

Be creative! Use materials available in your classroom:

  • cardboard
  • paper towels
  • text books
  • binders
  • your sweatshirt or jacket

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Step Three: Design your Solution

ANSWER ME! Using what you have observed from your research on materials and pre-existing solutions, draw out a diagram of your team’s first design for a noise pollution solution.

CONSTRAINT #1: Keep your design thickness under 30cm

CONSTRAINT #2: Your design MUST use a minimum of 3 different materials

Insert photos or drawings here.

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Step Four: Build your First Prototype

ANSWER ME! Using the materials provided and whatever else you find around your house or school, construct your first sound pollution barrier!

Insert images of your design here.

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Step Five: Test - Activity Sheet

Iteration Number

Key Design Aspects

Barrier Distance from buzzer

dB Level

1

2

3

4

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Control Test

Barrier Distance from Buzzer

dB Level

No obstructions between microphone and buzzer

N/A

ANSWER ME! Fill in the chart with the measurements collected from your designs.

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Step Six: Analyze Your Results

ANSWER ME! Use your observations & data to answer the following questions:

Write your answer here

Did your design effectively reduce noise pollution? (< 85 dB is an effective sound barrier)

Write your answer here

Which testing iteration was most successful and why?

Write your answer here

Compare your results with other students! What did other students do that you could implement into your design?

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Reflect on Your Design and Results

ANSWER ME!

Write your answer here

What do you think went well when completing this activity?

Write your answer here

What is something you would do differently if you were to do this again?

Complete the mandatory 5-minute Exit Ticket by clicking here!

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Skills Gained

Skills You Have Gained

THROUGHOUT THIS LAB, YOU HAVE GAINED THE FOLLOWING SKILLS:

  • Sound Design Optimization
  • How to measure sound effectively utilizing different sound barriers
  • Build stable, reliable barriers that reproduce results

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Continue to Explore

IF YOU LIKED TODAY’S BREAKOUT, �YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN THESE TOPICS:

  • Acoustical Engineering
  • Sound Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science

TYPES OF ENGINEERING RELEVANT TO TODAY’S BREAKOUT:

  • Noise Pollution
  • Architectural Acoustics
  • Musical Acoustics
  • Sound Design - Engineering in the Entertainment Industry

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OPTIONAL

Post-Lab Activities

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Extension Activities

EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

LEARN MORE ABOUT ACOUSTIC ENGINEERING

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Extension Activities: Feedback

ANSWER ME!

Write your answer here

What is echolocation

Write your answer here

Name 1 or more activities that can harm sea-life’s ability to use echolocation.

Upload your file here

Make a sound file by creating, combining, and manipulating sounds.

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Thank you!

Any text here?

Follow up info here?