ENGINEERING THROUGH HISTORY

Maša Živković

Sofija Stojanović

• Human beings have been adapting their environment to better suit their needs and wants since before recorded history. There have always been people who designed and built tools or other devices to solve problems or improve lives.

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MIDDLE AGES

• The earliest practical wind-powered machines, the windmill and wind pump, first appeared in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age, in what are now Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, by the 9th century AD. The earliest practical steam-powered machine was a steam jack steam turbine.

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• The cotton gin was invented in India by the 6th century AD and the spinning wheel was invented in the Islamic world by the early 11th century, both of which were fundamental to the growth of the cotton industry. The spinning wheel was also a precursor to the spinning jenny, which was a key development during the early Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.

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• The first fully-functioning steam engine was built in 1712 by blacksmith Thomas Newcomen. The development of this device gave rise to the industrial revolution in the coming decades, allowing for the beginnings of mass production.

European Renaissance

Modern era

• The inventions of Thomas Savery and the Scottish engineer James Watt gave rise to modern Mechanical Engineering. The development of specialized machines and their maintenance tools during the industrial revolution led to the rapid growth of Mechanical Engineering both in its birthplace Britain and abroad.

Nineteenth Century

• Starting in the mid-nineteenth century, new processing methods - most notably for steel and petroleum - reshaped transportation, construction, and manufacturing. Scientist, inventors and entrepreneurs flourished and “game-changing” technologies appeared in several different industries.

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• Advances were made in all areas, including technologies that transformed everyday activities. For example, in:

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• 1851, Isaac Singer patents a continuous stitch sewing machine
• 1868, Christopher Sholes patents the first practical typewriter
• 1873, Andrew Hallidie invents cable cars for use in San Francisco
• 1874, Joseph Glidden invents barbed wire
• 1876, Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone
• 1884, Lewis E Waterman patents a practical fountain pen

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CENTURY

Twentieth Century

• In the 20th century, engineering quite literally electrified the nation. It took us into the sky and out into space. It gave us cars and highways on which to drive them. It made our waters cleaner and safer and revolutionized the way we produce food.

ENGINEERS ARE NOW AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE CRITICAL TO ADVANCING TECHNOLOGIES THAT WILL ALLOW INDIVIDUALS TO WORK, LEARN AND PLAY IN NEW AND INTERESTING WAYS!

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION