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Cerebral Palsy

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By: Julia Grutta, Kaylee Ferreira, Le-Anne Gifford and Mehwish Kirmani

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Basic Concepts of Anatomy & Physiology: SCMA 2020

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/cerebral-palsy-11-things/index.html

https://cerebralpalsynewstoday.com/2016/07/25/oral-health-needs-attention-kids-cerebral-palsy-down-syndrome/

https://www.gponline.com/paediatric-medicine-cerebral-palsy/paediatrics/article/1009618

https://www.scarymommy.com/parenting-child-cerebral-palsy/

http://shopannies.blogspot.com/2017/03/what-is-cerebral-palsy.html

What does Cerebral Palsy mean to us?

Impaired muscle coordination.

Caused by damage in the brain before or at birth.

Reduced range of motions in various joints.

Long-term health effects.

At present, there is NO cure.

CP is most common in childhood.

http://www.anytimedrama.com/FAQ.aspx

Brain paralysis

https://www.abclawcenters.com/practice-areas/types-of-birth-injuries/cerebral-palsy/

https://firstpost.ng/did-you-know-fun-facts/

Main Body Regions affected by CP

http://www.apdmpumalanga.org/cerebral-palsy/

Different Areas of the Brain that are affected by CP...

www.gillettechildrens.org

ANATOMY/PHYSIOLOGY:

• Neurodevelopmental disease, meaning it affects the brain.
• The brain controls all of our 5 senses as well as the ability to move and speak.
• In order for the brain to function efficiently, a continuous supply of oxygen is needed.
• The brain may undergo irreversible damage if it is not provided the right amount of blood and oxygen.

http://worldartsme.com/brain-clipart.html#gal_post_1318_brain-clipart-1.jpg

CAUSES:

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• Mutations in genes that lead to abnormal brain development.
• Traumatic head injuries.
• Brain damage that causes cerebral palsy can be a result of either:
• Prenatal disturbances to brain cell migration
• Perinatal brain cell death
• Postnatal non-functional or inappropriate connections between brain cells
• Effects on child’s motor functioning and intellectual abilities is highly depends on many factors.

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http://worldartsme.com/brain-clipart.html#gal_post_1318_brain-clipart-1.jpg

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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:

• The main signs and symptoms include stiff muscles.
• Lack of muscle coordination.
• Involuntary movements.
• Delays in speech and in motion.
• Delay in reaching milestones such as sitting up, crawling.
• Seizures.
• Difficulty eating, swallowing.

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https://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/signs-and-symptoms-of-vicodin-addiction/

DIAGNOSIS:

• Cerebral Palsy in severe cases are diagnosed shortly after birth.
• For most cases in the first 2 years of the child’s life.
• For children with milder symptoms it may not be until the brain is fully developed at 3-5 years of age.
• Children are assessed for signs and symptoms then sent to pediatric neurologist.
• MRI is conducted to reveal areas of damage or abnormal development.
• Additional tests can be done to reveal hearing impairment, vision impairment etc.

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http://www.rowtheindianocean.com/parkinality/

TREATMENT

• Non-progressive.
• Currently no cure.
• Scientists have began clinical trials with stem cell therapy.
• Type of treatment is dependent on the type of cerebral palsy, the location of movement problems and the level of disability.
• Surgery is most common in those with Spastic Cerebral Palsy.
• Spastic: muscles feel stiff and their movements may look stiff and jerky.
• Physical, occupational and speech therapy.

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http://worldartsme.com/treatment-clipart.html#gal_post_19135_treatment-clipart-1.jpg

Physical Therapy

• Childs motor abilities are assessed before therapy begins.
• Improves strength, mobility, posture, balance and flexibility.
• Orthotics, splints or braces can be provided to help assist children with high or low muscle tone.
• Strengthens to prevent weakening or deterioration.
• Loosens muscles to prevent joint contracture.

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https://cerebralpalsynewstoday.com/2018/08/06/core-training-helps-posture-walking-ability-cerebral-palsy-children/

Occupational Therapy

• Many children with CP have sensory impairments which makes movement difficult.
• Occupational therapy helps the development of fine motor skills.
• Includes writing, picking up small objects, closing buttons on clothing or fastening a zipper.
• Helps develop social skills such as interacting with peers, caregivers, and parents.
• Develops daily routines such as eating, grooming, brushing teeth etc.

https://www.milestones4kids.com/services/occupational-therapy/

Speech Therapy

• Injuries affect parts of the brain that control speech and the muscles which allow us to speak.
• Speech therapy teaches children how to pronounce certain words and communicate effectively.
• Alternative communication methods such as sign language, computers that use voice synthesizers.

http://atanswers.com/LATImoodle/mod/page/view.php?id=1771

Living with CP: Shannon’s Story

Cerebral palsy’s importance to the course and ECE profession:

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• A challenge in the classroom can be giving enough attention to each student, however student with CP demand a bit more constant attention.
• constantly ask the child if they need assistance and moreover make them feel included and let them know that they are just as special as the other children in the classroom.
• Use of resources such as communication boards can assist children with expressing themselves.
• Hand over hand method can be used to enhance fine motor skills during activities.

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https://www.cerebralpalsy.org.au/services/all-programs-and-services/early-education/

Game

→ Get into groups of 4-5.

• We will have each of you assigned to an affected body region of cerebral palsy. We want you to try and do a basic tasks (ex.// kicking a ball, writing/typing notes)

Any Questions?

References

A. (2016). Oral Health Important in Kids with Cerebral Palsy [Digital image]. Retrieved from

https://cerebralpalsynewstoday.com/2016/07/25/oral-health-needs-attention-kids-cerebral-palsy-down-syndrome/

Treatment Clipart clipart [Digital image]. Retrieved from

http://worldartsme.com/treatment-clipart.html#gal_post_19135_treatment-cl

Ipart-1.jpg

Reynolds, A. (2017). My Amazing Daughter Has Cerebral Palsy [Digital image]. Retrieved from

https://www.scarymommy.com/parenting-child-cerebral-palsy/

Munot, P., & Varadkar, S. (2016.). Paediatric medicine - Cerebral palsy. [Digital image]. Retrieved from

https://www.gponline.com/paediatric-medicine-cerebral-palsy/paediatrics/article/1009618

CDC Features. [Digital image]. (2018). Retrieved from

https://www.cdc.gov/features/cerebral-palsy-11-things/index.html

Church, A. (2017). What is Cerebral Palsy. [Digital image]. Retrieved from

http://shopannies.blogspot.com/2017/03/what-is-cerebral-palsy.html

Drama designed with kids in mind! [Digital image]. (2011). Retrieved from

http://www.anytimedrama.com/FAQ.aspx

By First Post Nigeria. (2017). Did You Know.....? Check Out These Random But Interesting Facts. [Digital image].

Retrieved from https://firstpost.ng/did-you-know-fun-facts/

Cerebral Palsy Attorneys | Birth Injury Lawyers. (n.d.). [Digital image]. Retrieved from \

https://www.abclawcenters.com/practice-areas/types-of-birth-injuries/cerebral-palsy/

Cerebral Palsy Mpumalanga Association of persons with disabilities. [Digital image].

Retrieved from http://www.apdmpumalanga.org/cerebral-palsy/

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Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare. [Digital image]. (2018). Retrieved from

http://www.gillettechildrens.org/

Brain Clipart clipart. [Digital image]. Retrieved from

http://worldartsme.com/brain-clipart.html#gal_post_1318_brain-clipart-1.jpg

Blog, A. B. (2013). Addiction Blog. [Digital image]. Retrieved from

https://prescription-drug.addictionblog.org/signs-and-symptoms-of-vicodin-addiction/

Billy. (2017). Parkinality [Digital image]. Retrieved from

http://www.rowtheindianocean.com/parkinality/

Figueiredo, M. (2018). In Cerebral Palsy Kids, Core Training May

Help Posture, Walking Ability. [Digital image]. Retrieved from https://cerebralpalsynewstoday.com/2018/08/06/core-training-helps-posture-walking-ability-cerebral-palsy-children/

Pediatric Occupational Therapy | Skill Development | Downers Grove. [Digital image].

Retrieved from https://www.milestones4kids.com/services/occupational-therapy/

What is Communication [Digital image]. (2017). Retrieved November 06, 2018, from

http://atanswers.com/LATImoodle/mod/page/view.php?id=1771

Alliance, C. P., Early Education. [Digital image]. Retrieved from

https://www.cerebralpalsy.org.au/services/all-programs-and-services/early-education/

KidHealth.org. (2016, September 23). Living with CP: Shannon’s Story [Video File]

Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=Dh11bXcQOt4

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