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Faecal Sludge and Septage Management

Raipur, Group work- 3

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Rural-Urban convergence for FSSM – need and significance

  • Achieving Safely Manage Sanitation (Safely contained. treated onsite or offsite)
  • Lack in Rural areas for treatment / no rule
  • Sustainability of toilets
  • Lack of funds in Rural areas
  • To increase cost effectiveness
  • Lack of awareness in rural areas
  • Available capacity of urban FSTPs/STPs for treatment of additional Faecal sludge
  • Efficient use of existing urban facilities
  • Treating sludge of institutions( schools, HCFs, AWCs, Public facilities)

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Challenges (disablers)

  • Lack Buy-in and Agreement of Urban local bodies
  • Lack of clear mandate from State level to Urban local bodies for convergence. (There is the National level joint circular from Ministries)
  • Machinary and Manpower (currently planned for Urban areas)
  • Clarity in terms of financing and cost and profit sharing.
  • Urban tax collection is better,, Rural tax collection is poor.
  • Lack of awareness about the need to desludging regularly
  • Equipment (desludging) are designed for urban areas, need to re-design for rural context.
  • Funding for Vehicle in Rural is a limitation.
  • Lack of institutional body at district level to foster the convergence for FSSM.
  • Funding for construction and operationalize needs to be reviewed and enhanced
  • Smaller urban local bodies do not have functional treatment systems

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Enablers/accelerator

  • Facilities and available capacities in Urban spaces.
  • Private De-sludgers are already available and desludging (need to tap them)

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Way forward and actions

  • Assessment of containment and assessment of existing STPs/FSTPs
  • Tagging nearby villages with Urban FSTPs/STPs
  • Deciding the convergence model for Urban rural convergence in facility where there is no FSTPs
  • State Government policy guidelines for FSSM including financing (FSTP construction, Purchase of Desludging Vehicles, Operationalization cost and HR cost)
  • Focus on Social and Behaviour Change
  • Provision for contingency funds
  • Selection of context specific technologies, FSTPs to Mobile Treatment Units (MTUs)
  • Guidance and clarity on co-composting of bio-solids
  • Pilot technologies like FSTP- bio gas.
  • Penalizing open desludging

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