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CNC Project

This document is a log of what happens each week.

The latest info will be on top��If you lose the link for this document you can always find the link on our Home page��https://www.melbpc.org.au/our-activities/cnc-project/

Email contact: cncproject@melbpc.org.au

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5/10/25

40 sec video roughing pass on johns home cnc

Making a z axis main block

Attendance 5

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5/10/25

3D printed mount

WIP - a nice plaque for this dial is coming

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16/3/2025

Controlling

Power and Speed

Will eventually be mounted to Monitor Stand

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2/3/2025

This Week

  • Continued with RobB’s project
  • Setting Tabs
  • Troubleshooting the handling of text

Next week 9/2

  • Long weekend, we will take a break and return on Sunday 16/3/25

Attendance 8

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2/3/2025

Attendance 8

Tabs

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23/2/2025

This week

  • Surfacing -Taking off another .1mm
  • Drizzle slideway oil on screws with a screwdriver
  • For straightness, use 0.0125" per foot of length. Angularity will vary with wall thickness and size of the surface but are generally between ±1 degree and ±2 degrees. Source
  • In Australia, the standard tolerances for extruded aluminium profiles are typically considered to be within the range of +/- 0.2mm to +/- 0.5mm, depending on the profile complexity, with the relevant Australian Standard being AS/NZS 1866, which covers extruded rod, bar, solid and hollow shapes; these tolerances can be tighter depending on the manufacturer and specific application requirements. �Source
  • Rob B exported his file from FreeCAD to .STL and .DXF
  • Started on Rob’s project. Paused to deal with tabs

Next week

  • Continue with Rob’s project and tabs

Attendance 7

Using a screwdriver to drizzle oil on the screws

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23/2/2025

Attendance 7

Taking .1mm off the top of the board

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23/2/2025

Attendance 7

Clamps live in this labelled container

“DO NOT SPOIL THE SPOIL BOARD”

Material is raised off the spoil board using small pieces of acrylic called “Parallels”

Clamping material

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23/2/2025

Attendance 7

RobB’s project

Making chips

Paused - we need to setup tabs so it will hold in place

Practicing on a piece of scrap mdf

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16/2/2025

This week

Continuing on with the spoil board, prepping the top surface

  • Counterbores
  • Accessing the extreme edges for counterbores
  • Refacing the top surface

Next week

Continuing on with the spoil board, prepping the top surface

Attendance 5

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16/2/2025

Attendance 5

Using Wizard - Circle Center

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16/2/2025

Attendance 5

Counterbore

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9/2/2025

This week

  • Finish hex pockets
  • Remove board to insert hex nuts
  • Using a bolt/socket to pull the hex nut to below the surface just the right amount
  • We signed the bottom of the board for prosperity
  • Spoil board reinstated right side up (hex nuts underneath)

Next week

Continuing on with the spoil board, prepping the top surface

  • Counterbores
  • Accessing the extreme edges for counterbores
  • Refacing the top surface

Attendance 11

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9/2/2025

Attendance 11

Cleaning under the spoil board while it is accessible

Removing spoil board to add hex nuts

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9/2/2025

Attendance 11

Using a bolt to bring the hex nut to below the surface. Just the right amount

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9/2/2025

Attendance 11

Checking all the hex nuts

Discussing what happens next

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2/2/2025

This week

  • Creating Hex pockets in the spoil board
  • Test hex pocket is centered on hole.
  • Not all hex pockets line up with the hole. The hex pocket is correct the hole is off

Next week

Continuing on with the spoil board prep

Attendance 8

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2/2/2025

Attendance 8

Correct fit

The hex pocket position is correct, the hole is off and will need to be redrilled

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19/1/2025

This week

  • Hex pocket M6 nut. The pockets need to be a friction fit.
  • Using a 2mm single flute endmill
  • Lots of trials to get the friction fit

Next week

No session 25/1/25 long weekend�See you on Sunday 2/2/25 @ 1pm

Attendance 8

Success! 250+ to go

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19/1/2025

Attendance 8

Clamping on edge to get nut underneath to prepare sample hex pockets

First attempt. Too much slop

Multiple attempts to get the friction fit just right

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19/1/2025

Attendance 8

Took 4 sets of hands for this task

Want to make sure we cut the hex pocket centre to the predrilled hole.

�Used a piece of paper to make an impression of the hole, then using a “sharp pointy” tool to lower in position.�

We are centred�

Then made our first hex pocket on the spoil board.�Now ready to make 250+ more

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11/1/2025

This week

  • Drilling holes in the spoil board. 100mm grid and 50mm grid

Next week

  • Back to Sundays at 1pm
  • Don’t forget ear protection
  • Prepare hex pocket on spoil board for nut for M6 bolt. The pockets need to be a friction fit.

Attendance 8

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11/1/2025

Attendance 8

The red area is outside of the cutting area

50mm grid

100mm grid

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5/1/2025

This week

  • Run Gcode in the air
  • Steps per 640
  • Checking calibration
  • Adjusting switches to get zero identified

Next week

  • Moving to Saturdays instead of Sundays for now
  • Don’t forget ear protection
  • Prepare to drill clamp holes in bottom surface

Attendance 9

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5/1/2025

Attendance 9

Tool path for in the air pass

Short Video

Running the toolpath in the air. Shows 3 plunges/retracts to get through the material.

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5/1/2025

Attendance 9

Adjusting the limit switches

Centre of tool lines up with edge of spoil board

Out of alignment

Temporary

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5/1/2025

Attendance 9

Checking linear accuracy.

Setting steps per rev.

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29/12/2024

This week

  • Homemade dust extraction :-) It works!
  • The shop vac is very loud. Please bring ear protection.
  • Depth 775mm tool centre to tool centre
  • Width 1230mm tool centre to tool centre
  • Surface test - passed
  • Flipped board so “bottom” is on top
  • Bolted to rails

Next week

Prepare to drill clamp holes in bottom surface

Attendance 6

Gantry

Top view cutting area

1260mm

775mm

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29/12/2024

Attendance 6

Homemade dust cover, did a great job!

You can still see what is happening

Short Video of it in action

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29/12/2024

Attendance 6

Preparing surface for testing

Short Video of hand sanding the ridges

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29/12/2024

Attendance 6

Checking squareness. Passed the test, we can move onto next step

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22/12/2024

This week

  • Drill mounting holes in spoil board, multiple methods used as spindle is still not “square” to drill vertical holes
  • Attach spoil board to bottom rails with bolts
  • Prepping surface of spoil board for final surfacing. This is multiple steps.
  • Seeing how much “dust” mdf makes :-)

Attendance 4

These are to be used for clamps. Dennis turned two into four by cutting in half in his workshop

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22/12/2024

Attendance 4

Bolting the spoil board to the bottom rails.�This is not permanent yet. �Part 1 of multiple steps to prepare the surface of the spoil board

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22/12/2024

Attendance 4

John has made a tool to help prepare the board for surfacing

Path of tool, taking .2mm off

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22/12/2024

Attendance 4

Yes we need a proper dust extraction system.�Working with what we have at the moment�Short video

No dust in this photo as it is not taking any material off the surface in that spot

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15/12/2024

This week�

  • Made a tool/spike to mark out spoil board.
  • Position spikes on base
  • Lay spoil board on top
  • Use hammer to imprint spike onto board
  • Mark imprints ready for drilling next week

Attendance 8

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15/12/2024

Attendance 8

Use lathe to make a spike from a bolt

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15/12/2024

Attendance 8

Position 9 spikes in specific spots (measured)�Lay spoil board on top of spikes (measured)�Hammer on top of 9 spikes to create imprint

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15/12/2024

Attendance 8

Remove spoil board�Mark the spike imprints ready for next week

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8/12/2024

This week

  • Testing limit switches
  • Calibrating soft limits
  • Levelled the gantry with dial indicator
  • Set limit switches to square for Ya and Yb

Next Week

Continuing on with squaring up z axis�22/12 for the real enthusiast :-)�29/12 the the real enthusiast :-)

Attendance 7

Limit Switches

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8/12/2024

Attendance 7

Taping the spindle motor to the dial indicator

Preliminary check for square

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8/12/2024

Attendance 7

1

2

3

4

Levelling the gantry to the bed

Sequential tightening the screws connecting the gantry to gantry bracket

3

5

6

7

8

Check orientation of Tee nuts

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8/12/2024

Attendance 7

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1/12/2024

This week

  • Prepared the new blocks
  • Installed the new blocks
  • Installed rectangular channel to gantry

Next Week

Continuing on

Attendance 12

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1/12/2024

Attendance 12

Prototype - Aluminium tape to shim.

Z axis block tolerances

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1/12/2024

Attendance 12

More measuring

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1/12/2024

Attendance 12

Homemade flapper

Smoothing out the bore

Reassembling the rails

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1/12/2024

Attendance 12

Many hands on the job spinning the rail to get the block to the other end.

Rectangular tube added to gantry to reduce deflection

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24/11/2024

This Week

Dismantled CNC�It was discovered that some screws were loose, this could have been the cause of some of our problems.�Sorted parts ready for assembly

Clean up workshop

Next Week

John has finished 2 blocks. Bearings have arrived

Will continue with assembly, need quality control to ensure all screws are tightened correctly

Videos - Boring after drilling 16mm hole

Boring to 28mm diameter with multiple passes. Taking 1mm off per pass to avoid chatter, didn't want job to move

15 sec https://youtube.com/shorts/g-pCU24wy7E?feature=share

47 sec https://youtube.com/shorts/6FhroFVQW3c?feature=share

Attendance 6

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27/11/24

Amended proposed fix�Single block twice as long

John created these drawings in SketchUp for our documentation

Attendance 6

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Block assembly

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Plan

End View

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Side View

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Xray view for clarity

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Drill new bearing block

Making of the block�Rough drilling all the way through

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Proposed fix - 2 separate blocks. We went with 1 long block

Dismantled ready for assembling new blocks

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24/11/2024

Attendance 7

More dismantling

Dismantled parts

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24/11/2024

Attendance 7

Prior to disassembly

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24/11/2024

Attendance 7

Y end assembly

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24/11/2024

Attendance 6

Clean up - made space on shelf for drawers

Donated Laser cutter fits here - looking for a champion. Is that you?

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17/11/2024

  • Removed Spindle and head from gantry
  • Removed block and bearing to get measurements.
  • Making block twice as long in one piece.
  • Dennis is preparing some material for John
  • John will use Lathe and Mill to square off and drill the appropriate holes. There are quite a few steps in this process.

Attendance 6

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10/11/2024

From David E

The RHS extrusion was marked out for holes necessary to attach it to the gantry using M6 bolts and T nuts. This was drilled and Rob was dispatched to Bunnings for suitable washers to reinforce the attachments. The gantry was disassembled enough to allow the RHS to be attached.

From John S

To install the tee nuts the LHS end plate of the gantry and the top & bottom screws of the "L" bracket were removed. Seven Tee nuts inserted and positioned into each Tee slot. The RHS was then secured in position by moving the X axis linear bearing assembly "as the separator gauge" along the length of the axis. The end plate and "L" bracket re-installed and a quick check for additional stiffness was performed in the affirmative.

  • The Z axis reattached, and cable trays repositioned ready to secure, and machine returned to working state.
  • Checked gantry rigidity with Z axis assembly in place, a notable improvement observed. This did show a noticeable movement in the single linear bearing on the "Y" axis.
  • Discussion on method of rectification indicated a second linear bearing required and Rob to source bearing and block.
  • I had a thought after I saw Dennis and Rob's design on the white board, I could make a pair of longer bearing blocks with the hole for the ball screw nut incorporated, one for each side, if we can spare the time to manufacture them.

Attendance 6

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10/11/2024

Attendance 6

Discussions and problem solving

Removing locking plates from back of gantry

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10/11/2024

Attendance 6

Marking out drill holes in reinforcing RHS for back of gantry

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27/10/2024

Further discussion about how to reinforce the gantry and it was decided that a rectangular hollow aluminium section would be bolted to the back of the existing two 20mm x 40mm extrusions. The new piece will be 100mm x 50mm RHS with 3mm thick wall. This will be bolted onto teenuts in the grooves in the existing rails with 14 bolts distributed along the RHS in two rows. This will require holes drilled in both sides of 100mm width of the new section to allow access for the 4mm hex head cap screws.

Also an angle bracket to the Z axis ball nut block to allow the spindle motor to be mounted to side of this block rather than the front as at the moment, this will reduce the spindle overhang at the expense of a reduction in X axis travel.

If further mods are desired the drawing is a proposal for the new gantry. 100mm x 50mm RHS in steel with one linear rail mounted on top and the other on the front face. An a right angle piece would be used to connect the linear bearings and connect with the ball screw which will be mounted on top, that rectangle with a circle in out masked by the light reflection. The Z axis will be mounted on the vertical face of the angle as it is at the moment. We will have to fabricate new bearing and motor mounts for the ball screw.

----------

No Meeting on Sunday 3/11/24

Attendance 6

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27/10/2024

Attendance 6

Phil, Brandon & John in deep discussion

John & Phil adjusting spindle axis squareness

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27/10/2024

Attendance 6

These hash marks are the spacings for the bolt holes in the RHS to be used in the reinforcing of the existing gantry

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27/10/2024

Attendance 6

Screenshot next slide

Screenshot next slide

If you can't access RobB’s links we can go through it next meeting. Have tried to include here in the slides. Had trouble with SectionModulus.odt myself

  • Kerrin

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27/10/2024

Attendance 6

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20/10/2024

A discussion was held about rebuilding the gantry or trying to reinforce the existing beam. A consensus was reached that reinforcing would be a more practical approach at this stage. The flexing introduced by the linear bearings will be treated later as it is small in comparison to flexure in the gantry beam. Further discussions next week.

Other topics raised for future discussion

  • Dust Collection
  • Power requirements in the workshop - 3 Phase??
  • Enclosure to reduce dust
  • Process around MDF - respirators etc

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20/10/2024

Third photo shows a metal bracket clamped to the gantry beam in approx. the middle of beam. First photo shows dial gauge just touching the bracket and zeroed off. Second photo show displacement on the dial gauge of the deflection of the bracket arm.

The distance between the top centre of the gantry beam and where the load was placed was 400mm, the load was 750gm, and the deflection was 50 thou approx. 1.2mm.

When the spindle was used to drill a 6mm dia hole into the MDF using a sharp carbide bit the upwards displacement of the measuring arm was also 1.2mm. All loads were in the vertical direction.

Setting up Measuring Stand

Before load

After load

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13/10/2024

  • Dennis wrote some GCODE by hand to prepare the spoil board.
  • John did some more work on it and we went through the gcode to understand what was going to happen on the machine.
  • 2nd monitor on Mach 3 now working so we can see what John is doing
  • The first hole was drilled and noticed deflection on Z and Y
  • More holes were drilled to take more notice of the deflection.
  • The holes were not True because of the deflection.
  • There was discussion on how to reduce the deflection, and more discussion to follow next week.
  • Added to Documentation
    • Set Soft Limits
    • Startup Checklist
  • New Things
    • Collets
    • Couplers

Attendance 10

3 Couplers to be replaced with beefier ones

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GCode Documention Link to Manual

  • Mach3Mill_1.84 156 Pages.pdf (recommend to download to your computer. Preview can't handle this many pages.)
  • Section 10.7
  • 10.7.12.3 Example Code

(**** Written by Dennis 30/9/2024 **** )

(**** For MPC CNC Spoilboard Array **** )

(**** Part of program required **** )

(tool - 6mm twist drill or thereabouts)

(part home - bottom left corner of board)

N010 ( Initialisations can be all on the same line )

N020 G21 ( Metric units )

N030 G90 ( Absolute distance mode )

N040 G64 ( Constant velocity mode )

N050 G40 ( Cancel cutter compensation mode )

N060 G00 Z10

N070 G00 X50.000 Y50.000

N080 M00 ( Waits for user input to move DOWN )

N090 G00 Z0.000 (Stop Befor touch, jog to touch and set Zero )

N100 M00 ( Waits for user input to move UP )

N110 G00 Z5.000

N120 ( Z0 - drill point touching board surface)

N130 (Bit changed & zero set.)

N140 G00 Z3.000

N150 (Drill 6Dia - 35 Deep )

N160 G00 X50. Y50.

N170 ( G73 - Caned cycle - peck dirlling )

N180 ( G98 - Rapid hight to Z height )

N190 ( Drill first hole -* Z,R,Q *)

N200 G73 G98 Z-35.0 R2.0 Q3 F200

N210 ( G99 - Rapid hight to R height )

N220 ( G91 - incremental mode repeat L times )

N230

N240 G99 G91 X100. L10 (Repeat 10 times at 100mm intervals on X axis)

N250

N260 Y100. (Move to next row )

N270 X-100. L10 (Drill second row)

N280 Y100.

N290 X100. L10 (Drill third row)

N300 Y100.

N310 X-100. L10 (Drill 4th row )

N320 ( G98 - Rapid hight to Z height )

N330 ( G80 -cancel motion mode )

N340 G98 G80

N350 G90 ( Absolute distance mode )

N360 G0 Z20

N370 G0 X0 Y0 ( move to part home

N380 M30 ( Program end and rewind )

GCODE from Dennis/John 13/10/24

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13/10/2024

Following the GCODE to drill a hole every 100mm over 4 rows. You can see the yellow tool path.

Here is a short video

Attendance 10

Tool path

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13/10/2024

Drilled a series of holes

Inserted a drill bit in the hole to show that it is not true due to deflection on Z and Y

Attendance 10

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13/10/2024

Attendance 10

Fusion 360 calls this " adaptive clearing " tool paths also known as high speed too paths.

This 46sec video is a great example and explanation

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/HiMv14xDcDk

Here is a short video we did drilling a circle large than the tool

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29/8/24

Some Youtube videos showing the methods we covered

No session next week 6/10 as there will be no power in the building

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Clamping methods

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Next session

22/9/24 - no session

29/9/24 - upstairs (not workshop). Bring your computer with Fusion loaded and follow along while we attempt the grid layout for spoil board

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15/9/24

Attendance 10

Soft Limits settings

Watch the short video to see the motor come to a slow stop and not bang into the limits.

https://youtube.com/shorts/BCzaJzacmao?feature=share

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15/9/24

Attendance 10

Font choices at the moment

Watch video here

https://youtu.be/rfgPsu9ryhU

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15/9/24

Attendance 10

CamBam Software

Spiral Mill

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15/9/24

Attendance 10

Practice grid cuts for the base of the spoil board to hold the hex nuts.

Using a 2.5mm, 1 flute tool

Tool path for hex nut cut

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15/9/24

Attendance 10

Spindle Power

Spindle Speed

The plan is to move these controls to the “front” of the machine

To get these controls into the software will be a bigger project that will require a different power supply. A much bigger job.

Spindle Speed

Spindle Power

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8/9/2024

Checking Square and tolerances

Vbit, first “cut” making chips

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8/9/2024

Lots of settings. We will document once we get familiar with process.

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8/92024

Watch short video here

https://youtu.be/0YdJxsGHY88

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“Members helping members”

Updates since last meeting

  • RobC’s Intro to CNC video is now available. �It is unlisted on YouTube. Approx 30mins https://youtu.be/Z-J9OSuQkug
  • The RobC’s Fusion CAM section will take a few more weeks to edit
  • Power supply for VGA Multiplier - Resolved. DavidE brought in 2 suitable ones. Joey did due diligence and turned 2 into 1 to get the right barrel and the centre pole to be the right polarity. Thanks all :-) Members helping members!

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25/8/24

Morgan shared this link with us https://www.cadclass.org/pages/book

You can buy a hardback copy or scroll further down the page to get the free version “Free Mastering Autodesk Fusion eBook”

Just provide your email address and you get access to a Google drive folder containing chapters and a 358 page PDF��Aimed at Beginners and not just CNC

There will be no session on 1/9/24 (Father’s day)

Still working through recording of Fusion CAM Zoom call

Short video https://youtu.be/akSowIRpssM

Some snippets plus what does 500mm/minute cutting speed look like

Attendance 9

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25/8/24

John showed us how to use a screwdriver to “listen” for origin of a noise. Here is Morgan having a go

RobB setting limit switch position to square up Y axis

More Tuning & calibration

Attendance 9

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25/8/24 Power On/Off

1. Lights

2. Lights/Power

3. Computer/Transformer

In cupboard under CNC

This is a first pass. Will improve this overtime, just capturing the elements and will make signs for workshop

Attendance 9

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25/8/24

Found this in a box.

�Want to be able to duplicate what is on the Mach3 screen to another screen/projector so we don't have to crowd around the one monitor.

The computer is old and only has 1 VGA out

No model #’s on the VGA Multiplier

Does anyone have a power supply that would suit?

Attendance 9

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18/8/24

Attendance 10

Tuning & Calibration started

Watch a short video here https://youtu.be/E_Db72Jn_ns

Pay attention to the sound of the machine and how it improves in later clips

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18/8/24

Attendance 10

Looking for a power problem as the A Axis motor stopped working

Turned out to be a loose coupling :-)

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18/8/24

Attendance 10

Experienced hands, feeling the wobble

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12/8/24

Completed this week

  • Saturday 11/8 the fault finding of axis not moving completed
  • Estops wired up
  • Limit switches wired up
  • Tested motor function. Machine is moving on 3 axis
  • DavidE has 3d printed a tool holder - will get photo next week

A short timelapse of the busy hands working on the CNC Project

https://youtu.be/rZf1Vxh70FU

Next Week - a big milestone!

Tuning & calibrating

Making sure when you tell the machine to move 10mm through Mach 3 it actually moves 10mm

Mach 3 Manual we will be recording the results of tuning and calibration on page 5-40

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12/8/24

Light On

Light Off

Senses object

Location of sensor

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12/8/24

Control panel almost completed. Just a few more tweaks and we will close the cupboard doors

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5/8/2024

This week 5/8/24

Wiring Continued

  • Limit Switches
  • E Stops
  • Fans

Future Work

  • Test Motor function
  • Square up and Calibrate
  • Spoil Board Part 1
    • Alignment Holes
    • Drill Through
    • Cut Hex shape (friction fit)
  • Spoil Board Part 2
    • Insert nuts (friction fit)
    • Mount
    • Surface
  • Toe Clamps

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5/8/2024

Estop switches (4) mounted, wiring run but not connected yet.

Limit switch wiring 80% done

Sean has done more wiring.

Machine wouldn't work without USB cable installed into interface card.

  • X axis moving rapid & jog
  • Other axis have power but not moving - needs fault finding

Lights hung above Finishing Table - Yay! Thanks RobB :-)

Tools have arrived

John shared this link which is a whole series on building a CNC from thehardwareguy.�This link is ep 013 but 014 is relevant also.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ol4UvCvNaeo

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5/8/2024

4 estops mounted�1 on each corner

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5/8/2024 - Tools

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28/7/2024

Thanks DavidE for the photos

Estop location

Estop location

Mirrored on other side

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Spoil Board Part 1 detail - future work

Spoil Board Part 1

  • Flip board over so bottom of board is on the top
  • This work to be done on our CNC Machine
  • There is a grid of 252 holes to be created
    • Pass 1 - Alignment Holes
    • Pass 2 - Drill Through
    • Pass 3 - Cut Hex shape (friction fit)

Pass 1

Pass 2

Pass 3

Bottom of spoil board

Top of spoil board

It is estimated that this might take 3 Sunday sessions to complete

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Toe clamps - sneak peek

John has been busy in Fusion360 to create a design for the Toe Clamps

There are 3 parts we will 3D print as a prototype

�1. Toe Clamp

2. Grub screw

3. Clamp

1

2

3

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John recommends this video. A new method to face off/square up material

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21/7/24

4 field wires for each limit switch

Attendance 7

Sean did a lot of work on 19/7,

John and Rob continued on Sunday

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21/7/24

Attendance 7

New stand for Monitor, keyboard and mouse, doesn't take up as much space on table top

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21/7/2024 - useful links

Iqbal’s Fusion 360 video from 15/7/24. You will need to login with Melbpc login to access the video. Let us know if you are having problems

John’s recommended viewing - Autodesk Manufacture overview

Same video as above on Youtube �Introduction to Fusion Cam 1h 11m 4 years ago�skip to 4m mark to get past echo and actual start

CNC Basics from UNSW

Another recommendation from John

Mach3 Documentation. (Downloaded to our Documentation folder)

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21/7/24 Fusion 360 Info

30 day free trial then a subscription

Used to be called Hobby

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21/7/2024

Reminder about cnccookbook.com - signed up for newsletter - sharing this useful information

Hi CNC'er.

I wanted to share some articles with you that are a little off the beaten path. They're about things most CNC'ers don't know about that are related to Feeds and Speeds:

- Chatter: We've all encountered chatter when machining. It's nerve wracking, hard on tools, and hard on your part. But did you know chatter is actually pretty straightforward to manage? This article tells you everything you need to know to turn chatter in your shop from an ugly surprise to a science.

- How to Adjust for Your Machine's Strengths and Weaknesses: Every CNC machine is different. Learn how to adjust your feeds and speeds for your machine's strengths and weaknesses.

- Premium Coolant Systems: You've seen them maybe even used them--high pressure coolant, through spindle coolant, programmable coolant nozzles, etc.. But what's their real value and how do they affect feeds and speeds?

- 40 Great Tips for Better Surface Finish: I know you haven't seen all these. There may be one there now that you could take advantage of today!

- How Do Your Peers Deal With Feeds and Speeds: We did an in-depth survey about how our readers deal with Feeds and Speeds and we were surprised at many of the results. So glad we asked!

I hope you enjoyed these articles.

Best,

Bob Warfield

CEO, CNCCookbook

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14/7/24

No Meeting on 14/7

Waiting on electrical and only a couple of small tasks to do, will hold over to 21/7

Scroll down to see results on discussion last Sunday

Welcome to our 3 new attendees

  • Misbah
  • Ahmar
  • Long

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7/7/2024 Discussion

Topic

Result

Dennis’s Gantry suggestion

Agreed in principle but will wait until final spindle is mounted and review then

Spindle choice

On loan from John - 100v DC 400w 10,000 rpm

Spoil Board

Rob B is chasing up material through Cabinet makers/benchtops suppliers so we don't have to purchase a whole sheet

Clamps

Make our own (from aluminium on the CNC machine)

Tools

John and Dennis will make a short list of tools to start with

Safety Induction

Will implement a buddy system - to be fleshed out in more detail

Homework

https://www.cnccookbook.com/g-wizard-feeds-speeds-calculator-mill/

Use this website to calculate feeds and speeds. A lot to check out on this website

CAD/CAM Software

We went around the room asking what people are using. A wide variety of solutions with a common thread of Fusion 360. None of us are experts in this field but want to go down the Fusion option. There is a lot of structured content on Autodesk website https://www.autodesk.com/learn/ondemand/curated/fusion-360-quick-start-guide

Attendance 11 (incl 2 on Zoom)

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7/7/24

Topics in no particular order and not sure how far we will get. Some of these topics will require multiple meetings.

  • Update Project Status
  • Dennis Gantry
  • Spindle choice
  • Clamps
  • Tools
  • Approved materials
  • Safety & Induction training
  • Dust collection

Attendance 11 (incl 2 on Zoom)

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Gantry - Dennis

Hi Project Members,

As we have seen, the gantry has an unacceptable 'rock' in the Y axis and at some point an additional linear bearing will need to be added at each side to reduce this.

I've been thinking how this might be achieved and have come up with a simple approach which I think would be satisfactory. (See attached sketch).

The features of this approach are:

The only change needed to existing components is to bore the existing nut/bearing mount to take the extension tube.

The distance between the linear bearings is determined by the length of the extension tube.

If this length needed to be changed, it could easily be done if the tube is fitted using a suitable grade Loctite.

Stock material may be available for the extension tube and angle bearing mount but if not, I have the capability to make these parts as machined aluminium castings.

Two additional linear bearings would be needed.

Since the existing parts have not been accurately measured, the dimensions/proportions of the sketch are notional and will need adjustment.

I invite your thoughts, comments and suggestions. Cheers, Dennis Fieldhouse

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From Rob B

From Rob B

Are we happy with this E-stop?

https://vi.aliexpress.com/item/1005006009521005.html

I will order four as discussed if so.

CommentsJohnS - Looks OK to me Rob, so long as it is electrically sound and has NC contacts.

Peter Carpenter - Like nuclear missile launch switches and webcams, they have flip-covers so as to prevent accidental activation? Is the precaution and delay worth the consequence?No experience, but just a thought.�Dennis I'm happy with the switches. 10amp is not likely to be a limitation and even if so a relay(s) is a better way to go

Ordered

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23/7/24

An example of clamps from our milling machine

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23/7/24

Sean delivering the Control Panel

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23/6/2024

John plotting the grid for the spoil board mounting holes

in CamBam

100mm

grid

50mm

grid

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23/6/2024

23/6 List

  1. Bolt cutter - Dave E will bring
  2. Grind small flat on shafts. Brian
  3. Extend limit switch wires - require terminal blocks
  4. Wire as much as possible on panel before assy into cupboard Sean
  5. Wire motors and encoders when we get the electrical panel from Sean .
  6. Finalize keyboard and monitor stand
  7. Finalise layout of spoil board fittings
  8. Spindle motor mounting, decide motor type and dimensions .

23/6 Shopping List

Ordered

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Example of clamping

down material for discussion

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Grid on a spoil board

Cutting a grid into spoil board

Line up material to grid lines so you know offset from zero

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTvyreaShC0

Zero

Material lined up on grid lines

8 inches

6 inches

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“Home made” wood clamps

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16/6/2024

X

Y

Z

Motors and cabling labelled

Attendance 8

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16/6/2024

16/6 List

  • Grind small flat on shafts. Brian
  • Complete ventilation of electrical cupboard, fans, filter and vent. - Completed
  • Design (3d printed) holder for filter material, 1 for in & 1 for out - Completed
  • Extend limit switch wires - require terminal blocks
  • Wire as much as possible on panel before assy into cupboard Sean
  • Mount power board - Completed
  • Caravan male plug - Completed

Attendance 8

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16/6/2024

“Shelf” support for cable track added

Attendance 8

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16/6/2024

Control Panel cupboard at rear of CNC machine

3D Printed - fan guards that hold filter material.

One side is filtering air coming in, other side is exhaust fan

Attendance 8

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16/6/2024

Front cupboard at front of CNC machine

Holds Computer that will run Mach3 and protect it from dust.

Keyboard stand found in workshop to start with

Attendance 8

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9/6/2024

A, X and Z axis Cable going through John's holes

1 on this side, 2 another side

Fan holes

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9/6/2024

Drill penetrations for cable routing - 4 were done

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9/6/2024

Replaced flexible coupling and installed

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2/6/2024

Today List

  • Grind small flat on shafts. Brian
  • Complete ventilation of electrical cupboard, fans, filter and vent.
  • Design (3d printed) holder for filter material, 1 for in & 1 for out Kerrin
  • Mount drag chain and pull cabling to electrical panel
  • Mount Limit /Switches route wires & check for extra wire to panel and terminal box
  • Wire as much as possible on panel before assy into cupboard Sean
  • Checkout power board and mount if good

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2/6/2024

Feeding cables through gantry flexible cable chain

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2/6/2024

Weight 1379g

Weight 470g

Phil’s equipment for weight purposes

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2/6/24

Brian shortening screws and showing off his large hammer

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26/5/24

Rob pondering on new layout of X axis

John and Sean wiring control board

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26/5/24

Whole machine reorientated on table, spindle changed to opposite side of x axis extrusions. Men thinking and checking different possibilities of alternative layout.

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19/5/24

Attendance 6

To do list

  • X axis ball screw -
    • Resize bearing diameters (2 places) - try cutting on lathe, polish otherwise.
    • Assy X axis and spindle mounting plate.
  • Mount
    • limit switches and drag chains
  • Electrical panel
    • Layout, drill & tap for components.
    • Wire onboard connections.
    • Discuss means of ESTOP operation - Mach3 way or some other way.
  • Electrical cupboard -
    • Think about spindle VFD Controller POSITION in cupboard.
    • Holes for fans, filters and cable entry.
  • Connect cables from -
    • Steppers, encoders, limit switches and spindle.

Items in green done today

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19/5/24

Attendance 6

A quick discussion about VFD and spindle. This is still a future decision.�

We have plenty of options of try using accessible spindles eg 400w DC and router style before recommending a spindle

Dennis brought in his spindle for us to look at.�10000rpm 0-100v weighs 1.27kg

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19/5/24

Attendance 6

Using the lathe to shave 1000th of the ball screw

Working on the Control Panel

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19/5/24

Attendance 6

third axis mounted

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5/5/24

The internals of the Power Supply 12V/5V that was found last week.

Is it suitable and safe?

The jury is still out I believe.

Attendance 7

Note: Taking a break on 12/5 for Mothers Day

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5/5/24

Using Dennis’s homemade (circa ‘60’s) measuring stick to ensure the sides of frame are parallel

Attendance 7

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5/5/24

Carefully getting the T nuts lined up correctly

Attendance 7

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5/5/24

Gantry assembly

Attendance 7

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5/5/24

On the gantry are 2 rails.�Using parallels to make sure the distance between them is consistent for the spindle to travel easily along the rails

Slight gap at other end.�Made adjustments and all good now

Attendance 7

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5/5/24

“The Magnificent 7”

Attendance 7

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28/4/24

Attendance 11

Success - Mach 3 is talking to motor through the parallel breakout board

�Instruction was to move it 50mm

Moved 58mm so still some tweaking to do

A series of screen grabs from the zoom recording I created�Quality not good enough to watch the video. �

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28/4/24

Power Supply found in the bits and pieces box on shelf in workshop�To be used for logic board, limit switches, fans

Attendance 11

48v Power Supply donated by Sean�To be used for motors

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28/4/24

Attendance 11

Control board to be mounted in cupboard under CNC to protect it from debris.

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28/4/24

Attendance 11

RobB asked about a plan.

There is a project status spreadsheet you can take a look at.

For the last few weeks we have been concentrating on getting the frame/linear rails/ball screws assembled and at the same time starting on the Electronics section.�

You can update/add to the spreadsheet.

The spreadsheet has multiple tabs.On the left is the summary

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Zoom 21/4/24

Laptop general view

Mobile Phone close up

Playing around trying to get

Zoom to be useful from Workshop.�

Audio issues not resolved but maybe we start the session with Zoom. 1-1.30

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From Rob C

I took a picture of the (Chinese) label on the stepper motor today. Google allows you to translate Chinese to english. So below is what google created when i asked it to convert the picture text. Oh the EA- should be blue

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RobC Control Panel 1 x 2

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RobC Control Panel 2 x 2

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21/4/24 Control Panel

Starting the layout of the Control Panel , following RobC’s template

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21/4/24

John spotting / drilling / tapping 194 holes on the linear rails. He is 75% done spread over 3 sessions

Peter making sure John is horizontal. Phil is out of shot keeping an eye on vertical and applying pressure against John’s drilling

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21/4/24

Gantry

Where we ended the session…

Gantry attached�Beginnings of the control panel�

Continuing next week where the first thing will be making a motor turn

Ran out of time this week.�

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14/4/24 1pm - 4pm

Achieved today

Smoke Test with Mach 3 and one of the motors. It turned!!! :-)

Watch Video on next slide

Assembled

    • Base
    • Y axis Liner Rails, partial assemble ball screw

Next Week 21/4/24

  1. Complete Y axis (sides) ball screw assembly
  2. Finish the X axis (Gantry) drilling and tapping

Attendance 10

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14/4/24 Watch the motor in action

40 sec video�

Mach3�Desktop

Parallel Breakout Board

Parallel

Motor Driver

MOTOR

Power Supply

20-50v

Power Supply

5v

Donated by RobC

If you like doing these types of diagrams, please reach out to cncproject@melbpc.org.au

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Meeting 7/4/24

Today’s Goal - Get us in a position to be able to test comms/electronics

  • Drilling and tapping aluminium extrusions for linear rails
    • Assembled 1 linear rail
  • Realigned z axis screw
  • Old Mach3 computer setup for testing (this is an interim solution)
  • Connected breakout board and motor driver

We need

USB Type a to Type A cable for 5v Power supply for mach3 breakout board. Dennis will bring next week.

We need more light in the workshop. Committee needs costings to approve

Catenary wire to hang more lights above workspaces in particular the west wall bench and the centre table�

Attendance 6

Zoom 1

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Notes from 11/2/2024

Spindle:

Gantry stiffness:�See here for some reading - https://burksbuilds.com/automation/cnc-router/cnc-router-stiffness-analysis/ 1�How much weight our gantry can take is a question we have asked of the supplier. No answer (7/4/24)

7/4 JohnS - Build machine, get a spindle to suit the existing gantry

Motion Controllers:�Ethernet Smooth Stepper - SS-02 Ethernet SmoothStepper [SS-02] - AU$313.09 : Homann Designs!, Your preferred CNC Supplier 2�Ethernet Motion Controller And Breakout Board�AXBB-E Ethernet Motion Controller And Breakout Board Combined - Maker Store PTY LTD 1

7/4 Dennis - Use donated parallel port interface as supplied by Rob Conway for now

Carving software - Vcarve:�creating and cutting parts

7/4 Too soon for a decision on Vcarve software see next slide for details on Makerspace Licence

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Vcarve Pro - Makerspace Edition

Added 5/4/24�Makerspace special edition US$99pa https://www.vectric.com/products/makerspace

VCarve Pro Makerspace Edition

  • allows Makerspace members to design their projects at home using the FREE Makerspace client edition of VCarve Pro
  • then bring those files to be cut using the licensed software at the Makerspace!
  • licensed on an annual basis for a fee of US$99 per year for qualifying Makerspaces.
  • This license fee will entitle the Makerspace to install the software on up to 5 machines located at the Makerspace and all upgrades to the software are free during the 12 month period.

When signing up these need to be checked

  • I confirm that we have a CNC machine and have tested it successfully with the sample files from the Trial Version of VCarve Pro to confirm compatibility”
  • “I confirm that we understand that the Makerspace will be responsible for direct support of our members who choose to use the Makerspace Edition and Client Edition”