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Pumping water and oil flow

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By:�-Omar Mohamed Omar 17100263 �-Mona Mahmoud Nasr 18100579�-Gasser Abd El Rahman Morsy 18101879�-Khaled Moataz Mahmoud Mohamed 18100270�-Mohamed Yasser Hanafy 18103267�-Youssef Ahmed Mohamed Kamel 18102346�

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  • Supervisors

Prof. Kamal Abd El Aziz

Ass. Prof. Rola Afify

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Project Funding

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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Introduction

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Definition of Pumps

  • A pump is a mechanical device used to force a fluid (liquid) to move forward inside a pipeline 

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History

  • Through history Egyptians invent the first pump around 2000 BC. Their pump called “shadoof” was actually a bucket tied to a rope that removed water from a well.
  • In 200 BC, Archimedean screw pump is designed, . It worked by lifting water through the inside of the pump for irrigation. The screw was turned by hand, and it usually took two workers

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First pump

  • In 1475, the Brazilian soldier and historian of science, the first machine that could be characterized as a centrifugal pump 
  • This type is generally used for: Low-Pressure, High-Volume Flow Applications because they are Not capable of withstanding High Pressures

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The Great Canadian Oil Sands Company

  • In 1967, GCOS opened for business with the intent of producing 31,500 barrels of oil per day from the oil sands

  • There is 2 ways use to extract bitumen (surface mining or subsurface extraction) ,the extraction and transportation process require the use of powerful pumps. (which known as oil  pumps)

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�

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Dynamic

Positive displacement

High volume flow rate application

Low volume flow rate application

Low pressure up to 40 bar

High pressure more than 300 bar

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Not capable of withstanding high pressure

capable of withstanding high pressure

The Centrifugal (Impeller) and The Axial flow Propeller pumps

Gear Pumps, Vane Pumps and Piston Pumps

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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Pump performance curve

Curve that indicates the performance of the pump in parameters of Pressure and flow rate.

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H – Q Curve

  • X-axis represent Q
  • Y-axis represent H
  • Shut off point A
  • Free delivery at B

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Efficiency curve

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  • BEP “best efficiency point” at C.
  • The pump should be run within 10% range from best efficiency point

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Power curve

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  • Power is being represented in Y-axis in (HP).
  • Pump power curve represents the power consumed from the pump to do the work

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NPSHR curve:

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  • NPSHR “Net Positive Suction Head Required.
  • it will be represented in meter at the curve.

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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The Project Components

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Discharge Tank

This tank is used to calibrate the liquid we use in the project and the moving liquid in the pipes is to be poured into it.

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Intake Tank

This tank receives the liquid from discharge tank and passes through the pipes ,we also use it to put oil at certain concentrations of water.

Volume = 90 Litre

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impellers

3 types of impellers :

5 Blades

6 Blades

7 Blades

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Mixer

It is used to mix the water and oil flows to make them in a homogenous flow.

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Centrifugal Pump

Electric motor pump are specifically designed and manufactured to meet a variety of critical performance applications providing a wide range of hydraulic pressure options provided in an AC fixed or variable frequency configuration or DC brush and brushless design.

  • Specification:

Power = 750 W F = 60 Hz

255-440 Volt 1700 rev/min

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Pressure Transducer

We use them to measure suction and delivery pressures.

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Control Valve�

It is used to control the flow rate that we want to passthrough pipe lines to enter the discharge tank.

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Digital Tachometer

It is used to measure the number of Revolutions per minute of the centrifugal pump.

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Inverter

An inverter controls the frequency of power supplied to an AC motor to control the rotation speed of the motor.

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Power Measurement

It measure electrical power when no deeper analysis of the measured data is required and measures the voltage (V) and current (A) and derives from these the most important power results.

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Power Supply

It is used to generate the pressure transducer.

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OIL

  • Density: 878kg/m*3
  • Flash point: 230 Celsius

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Emulsion

Emulsion is a special type of mixture made by combining two liquids that normally don't mix. Emulsion in our project is oil-in-water.

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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Experimental Results

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  Impeller ( Water Calculations)�  Efficiency  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 Impeller ( Water Calculations)� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL Unstable� H-Q  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                        7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL Unstable�  Efficiency Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL Unstable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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1% OIL Unstable� H-Q Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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1% OIL Unstable�  Efficiency  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 1% OIL Unstable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL Unstable� H-Q Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL Unstable�  Efficiency  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL Unstable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL stable� H-Q  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL stable�  Efficiency Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 0.5% OIL stable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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1% OIL stable� H-Q Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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1% OIL stable�  Efficiency  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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 1% OIL stable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL stable� H-Q Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL stable� Efficiency  Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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2% OIL stable� Shaft Power Curve

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             5 Blade                                              6 Blades                                      7 Blades

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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Conclusion

In this project, centrifugal pump performance is studied for the following cases:

  1. Water Only 
  2. Water and Oil (concentration 0.5%, 1% and 2%)

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Conclusion (CONT)

  • In H-Q curve, as the discharge increases , the head decrease at 3 different speed.
  • In η-Q curve as speed of pump increase the discharge increase and the efficiency decrease.

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Conclusion (CONT)

  • In shaft power –Q curve as speed of pump increase ,the flow increase and shaft power increase. We can obtain the mechanical losses from the Intersection point between the shaft power and Y-axis.
  • The best pump performance and efficiency occur at the stage of 6 blades impeller (water only).

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Outline

  • Introduction
  • Pump performance curve
  • Project components
  • Experimental Results
  • Conclusion
  • Troubleshooting

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Troubleshooting

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The inverter was programmed to reach the maximum frequency 50 HZ

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The 2 parts of the impeller could not fit together

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Thickness of the inlet port of the printed impeller was more than the designed one�

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Water leakage from pump

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The coupling between electric motor and pump lock screw failure

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Broken impeller due to coupling missed

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