EXPLORING VENUS

LI-ION AND LIFEPO4 BATTERIES

A QUICK GLIMPSE INTO THE CLIMATE OF VENUS

• The temperature reaches more than 460 degrees Celsius
• The pressure is approximately 93 bar
• There is sulfuric acid in the atmosphere, It dissolves any substance.
• There is 96% of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which causes massive global warming

​

FEATURES OF LI-ION BATTERY

1. The anode is made of copper , the cathode is made of aluminum and covered by a thin layer of lithium alloy with 0.2 mm of ceramic
2. Energy density from 100 to 265 w/kg or 250 to 670 w/l
3. The cell voltage is 3.6 volts
4. It doesn’t contain toxic cadmium

​

Disadvantages of li-ion battery

1. It Is fragile and requires a protection circuit to maintain safe operation.
2. The “separator” gets damaged, it can burst into flames.
3. It is flammable when the temperature increases

ADVANTAGES OF LIFEPO4

1. The cell voltage is 3.2 volts �‌It is stable and environmentally friendly �‌cheap �‌The cathode consists of iron phosphate + lithium and The anode is made of graphite�‌ It has a high discharging and charging efficiency of up to 90%.�Its structure is stable and does not decompose, heat or collapse�‌Self-discharge rate Is less than or equal to %3

Its life cycle is from 2000 to 7000 times

LIFEPO4

• Disadvantages

1. The energy density of LiFePO4 battery is lower than Lithium-ion batteries
2. It cannot withstand high temperatures because its temperature ranges from -5 to +60 degrees Celsius

​

• Solutions

1. Using the idea of ​​reducing the size of the electrolyte particles to the nano size and increasing the battery cells, which helps to increase the energy and speed of the electrons
2. The best acid as electrolyte is sulfuric acid
3. The use of a thermal insulator, which is hafnium nitride, which has a melting point of more than 4000 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of up to 7000 degrees Celsius
4. Thermal insulator is used as a coating on the battery or on one of the electrodes

​

​

SOURCES

• https://www.cei.washington.edu/education/science-of-solar/battery-technology/
• https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/news/a-closer-look-at-lithium-iron-phosphate-batteries-teslas-new-choice-of-battery/
• https://www.custompower.com/custom-battery-packs/lithium-iron-phosphate
• https://www.rfwireless-world.com/Terminology/Advantages-and-Disadvantages-of-Lithium-Ion-Battery.html
• http://kinstarbattery.com/Service/faq/16
• https://www.genixenergy.com/battery-knowledge/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-lithium-iron-phosphate-batteries.html
• https://rebelbatteries.com/blogs/lithium-iron-phosphate/how-are-lithium-iron-phosphate-batteries-made
• https://blog.epectec.com/lithium-ion-vs-lithium-iron-phosphate-what-markets-they-support

​

​