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Start Here:

Building the Quantum Open Source Ecosystem

Misty Wahl,

Member of Technical Staff, Unitary Fund

misty@unitary.fund

December 7th, 2022

Q2B22

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Unitary Fund is a non-profit organization helping create a quantum technology ecosystem that benefits the most people.

Python toolkit for quantum error mitigation

Community-driven quantum computing benchmarking platform metriq.info

$4k rapid projects in quantum tech

UF Microgrants

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Unitary Fund Team

Team

Will Zeng, PhD

President. Head of Quantum Research at Goldman Sachs. Fmr. product/sw lead at Rigetti. Oxford quantum algorithms PhD.

Nathan Shammah, PhD

CTO. QuTiP admin. Visiting scientist at RIKEN, U. of Milan. PhD in physics, U. Southampton.

Andrea Mari, PhD

Member of the technical staff

> 40 peer reviewed scientific publications. Contributor to Pennylane. Fmr. researcher at Xanadu. Univ. of Potsdam PhD in quantum information.

Dan Strano

Member of the technical staff

working on Metriq. Full stack web engineer. Lead developer on the qrack quantum simulator.

Vincent Russo, PhD

Member of the technical staff working on Metriq & Mitiq.

Fmr post-quantum security developer at ISARA. Lead dev on toqito quantum info package. PhD from UWaterloo.

Misty Wahl

Member of the technical staff working on Mitiq. Unitary Fund Ambassador. Fmr. SWE Proj. Leader at ASML.

MSc in Mech. Eng., Cornell.

Nate Stemen

Member of the technical staff working on Mitiq. MSc in QC from U. Waterloo. Fmr. SWE @ Overleaf.

Frances Poblete

UI/UX Designer

Sarah Kaiser, PhD

Microsoft.

Alumni

Interns

Ryan LaRose, PhD

Postdoc at EPFL

Peter Karalekas

AWS Quantum

Ben Castanon

Chief of Staff

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Unitary Fund Community

Advisory Board�19 volunteer experts in quantum systems & software from:

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Awardees Community

60+ grantees �23 countries

QuNetSim�To Stephen DiAdamo to develop the first full featured software stack for quantum network protocols.

Ambassadors (2021)

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Unitary Fund Community

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Classical tool for simulation of QC circuits and devices (qutip-qip). More than 1 million downloads qutip.org

Weekly community calls for OSS projects: Metriq, Mitiq, QIR Alliance, QuTiP, OpenQAOA and Covalent. Anyone can join. discord.unitary.fund

Hackathon for open source quantum projects, over 30 participating projects, 66 bounties. unitaryhack.dev

Quantum Open Source Software Survey: a community-wide snapshot of everyone who codes with and for quantum computing technologies. Over 1000 responses!

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Microgrants: $4k rapid projects in quantum tech

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Featured microgrant projects:

Results:

  • 68 microgrants with recipients in 23 countries
  • 20+ publications
  • 30+ libraries w/ 50+ contributors, ~6k commits
  • 2 startups, 1 non-profit

Approach:

  • No-strings attached: not equity, no interests
  • Aimed at explorers in quantum
  • Generally open-source projects but also community projects
  • Usually 3-6 months duration
  • 2-minute online application

Program funds explorers across the world to work on quantum technologies.

Lingling Lao

 

  • PIQUE: People Interested in Quantum Universal Education
  • 2QAN: a quantum circuit compiler for 2-local qubit Hamiltonian simulation problems 
  • QRAND: a digital quantum random number generation framework.

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Open Source FAQ

How to get started?

  • Find a project on GitHub
  • Join a community on Discord: forums, events, community calls

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Why contribute?

  • Make a difference. 🌍
  • Advance your career: in quantum, in software... and more! 🚀
  • It’s fun! 🤩

What can you contribute?

  • Code 💻
  • Infrastructure 🚇
  • Documentation 📖
  • UX design 🎨
  • Data 📊
  • User feedback 🤔

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Like but for quantum

Community-driven quantum computing benchmarks metriq.info

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Community-driven quantum computing benchmarks metriq.info

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toolkit to easily apply different error mitigation techniques

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  • Compatible with many front-ends: Cirq, Qiskit, PyQuil, Braket, PennyLane, OpenQASM.
  • Structurally designed to be backend independent.

  • Techniques:
    • Zero Noise Extrapolation – mitiq.ZNE
    • Probabilistic Error Cancellation – mitiq.PEC
    • Clifford Data Regression – mitiq.CDR
    • Digital Dynamical Decoupling – mitiq.DDD

mitiq.readthedocs.io

pip install mitiq

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Mitiq is being used to improve results on hardware now…

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… to reduce errors when running mirror circuit benchmarks

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Mitiq is being used to improve results on hardware now…

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… to reduce errors when running RB circuits

V. Russo et al. 2210.07194

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Mitiq is being used to improve results on hardware now

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R. LaRose et al. arxiv:2203.05489

… to increase effective quantum volume

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Mitiq is being used to improve results on hardware now…

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… to enhance simulations of quantum field theory models

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Quantum Program

Expectation Value

Execute on

backend

User

Hardware

(Simulator)

...

Typical workflow in quantum software

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Cross-Platform Quantum Error Mitigation with Mitiq

Quantum Program

Quantum Program

Quantum Program

Quantum Program

Quantum Program

Intermediate circuits

Noisy results

1. Generate programs

Error mitigated result

Execute on backend

Error Mitigation

User

QPU Hardware

(or Simulator)

mitiq.zne.scaling

mitiq.pec.sampling

mitiq.cdr.clifford_training_data

mitiq.ddd

mitiq.zne.inference

mitiq.pec

mitiq.cdr.data_regression

2. Inference

OpenQASM

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Conclusion

Open source communities continue to add value to the quantum tech ecosystem…

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And your contributions can help them grow…

Wherever you may be in your quantum journey, your contributions count!

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Connect with us

unitary.fund 🌐

discord.unitary.fund

@UnitaryFund

@unitaryfund

linkedin.com/company/unitary-fund

info@unitary.fund 📧

metriq.info | github.com/unitaryfund/mitiq

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APPENDIX

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Microgrants: Stats

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2022 Topics

(projects can cover multiple)

Team Size

Topics

Number of related projects

Community

Education

Open Source Software

Research

8

6

4

2

0

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Microgrants: Stats

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Accepted grants by country (2022)

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Why error mitigation?

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Standard error correction:

    • Encode logical qubits into many physical qubits
    • Intermediate measurements for syndrome detections
    • Correction operations based on the measured syndrome.

Scalable but unfeasible with near-term quantum computers

Error mitigation:

    • Perform multiple and different noisy quantum computations
    • Collect the results
    • Infer ideal expectation values from noisy data

Asymptotically unscalable but feasible with near-term quantum computers

Error mitigation for universal gates on encoded qubits, C. Piveteau et al., PRL 2021 (arXiv:2103.04915)

😔

😬

🏗️

😉

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Noise affects the ideal quantum computation… with errors

Quantum computation by quantum evolution + operations & measurement

Quantum noise and classical noise can introduce errors

Different quantum systems (“QPUs”) suffer from different noise sources

Different noise models can be employed and tools for characterization, eg. pyGSTi

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Markovian master equation:

Noiseless Hamiltonian

Noise operator

Noise scale factor [dimensionless real number]

Density

matrix

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Zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE): increasing noise… and back

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Single-qubit depth d = 200 randomized benchmarking circuit on IBMQ Armonk

Zero-noise limit

1

Hardware

base noise

Markovian master equation:

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Example: noise scaling by global folding with Mitiq

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Example: Different extrapolation methods with Factories

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mitiq.zne.inference.

Experiment (2-qubit RB circuit):

R. LaRose, et al. “Mitiq: A software package for error mitigation on noisy quantum computers”, arXiv:2009.04417 (2020).

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Probabilistic Error Cancellation

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Unfortunately, we cannot apply an ideal gate with a NISQ device, but...

we can represent it as a linear combination of noisy gates!

Quasi-probability

(can have negative values)

Implementable

noisy gates

Ideal expectation value

Observable

Ideal quantum circuit

Initial state

Ideal gates (local unitary operations)

Typical step of many quantum algorithms: estimating expectation values.

K. Temme, S. Bravyi, and J. M. Gambetta, “Error Mitigation for Short Depth Quantum Circuits,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 180509 (2017).

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Probabilistic Error Cancellation with Mitiq

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Defining mitiq.OperationRepresentation objects:�

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Probabilistic Error Cancellation workflow with Mitiq

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Clifford Data Regression

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P. Czarnik, A. Arrasmith, P. J. Coles, L. Cincio, “Error mitigation with Clifford quantum-circuit data”, arXiv:2005.10189, (2020).

A. Lowe, M. Hunter Gordon, P. Czarnik, A. Arrasmith, P. J. Coles, . Cincio, “Unified approach to data-driven quantum error mitigation”, Phys. Rev. Research 3, 033098 (2021)

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(Variable-noise) Clifford Data Regression workflow with Mitiq

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Digital Dynamical Decoupling workflow in Mitiq

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Digital Dynamical Decoupling in Mitiq

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