Lectures On:

Fundamentals of Printers

��Department of �Computer Science and Engineering�www.cse.ugv.edu.bd, 874/322, C&B Road, Barisal, Bangladesh.� 

University of Global Village (UGV)

Barishal, Bangladesh

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Lectures By��Md. Tariqul Islam�Lecturer & Coordinator

�Mobile: +880-1842733104 �Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com�Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is a Printer?

• In computing, a printer is a peripheral machine which makes a durable representation of graphics or text, usually on paper.
• A peripheral device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally.
• A peripheral is a hardware component that is accessible to and controlled by a computer but is not a core component of the computer.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is a Printer?

• A printer is a device that accepts text and graphics output from a computer, and it transfers this information to paper, sheets.
• Printers can print any information that has been passed to it, whether it be Text, Numbers or Images.
• It depends on the type of printer that what quality or color the printed matter would be.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

History of Printer

• Charles Babbage introduced the first mechanical printer for use with a difference engine in 1822.
• Although inkjet printers were invented in the 1950s, they did not produce acceptable digital images until the 1970s.
• Different businesses, including as Epson, Canon, and Hewlett-Packard, created these printers.
• Gary Starkweather created the laser printer while working at Xerox in the early 1970s by altering one of their model 7000 copiers.
• When Hewlett-Packard introduced the HP LaserJet printers in 1984, laser printers became more affordable and widespread.
• The next year, Apple introduced the Apple LaserWriter printer, which introduced PostScript technology to the printer market.
• Chuck Hull first demonstrated 3D printers in 1984. IBM invented the first dot matrix in 1957.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Important Factor for Qualities of Printers

• Color: Colored printers can print in both i.e, colored and black-and-white. Hence, colored printers are more expensive than normal printers.
• Resolution: Printer’s resolution is usually measured in dpi(dots per inch). Expensive printers have resolutions of about 550 to 600 dpi.
• Speed: For printing a good amount of stuff you need to have a fast printer. Hence, speed is an important factor while considering printers.
• Memory: It is also an important factor for printers as having enough memory will result in good speed and better performance.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Type of Printers

• Depending upon the printing methods and the quality of images produced, printers are of two major types: 
• Impact Printers
• Non-Impact Printers

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Type of Printers

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Impact Printers

• It is a type of printer that works by direct contact of an ink ribbon with paper.
• These printers are typically loud but remain in use today because of their unique ability to function with multipart forms. An impact printer has mechanisms resembling those of a typewriter. 
• Example of Impact Printers, Dot-matrix printers, Daisy-wheel printers, and line printers. 

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Impact Printers

• Durability: Impact printers offer durability and long ago; this kind of printer works efficiently for large scale jobs.
• Cost-Effective: They are more often cheaper to run, particularly where many copies of the same document are to be produced.
• Multi-part Forms: They can print on multi-part forms they are ideal for use in a place where use of carbon copies is essential.
• Disadvantages of Impact Printers
• Noise: These printers are usually loud owing to the physical strikes of the printer.
• Limited Print Quality: Non-impact printers are comparatively poor in quality as far as the quality of print is concerned and thus is not much suitable for getting high quality images or graphics printed.
• Slower Speed: As much as impact printers are widespread, they are relatively slow when compared to non-impact printers.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Impact Printers

• Noise: These printers are usually loud owing to the physical strikes of the printer.
• Limited Print Quality: Non-impact printers are comparatively poor in quality as far as the quality of print is concerned and thus is not much suitable for getting high quality images or graphics printed.
• Slower Speed: As much as impact printers are widespread, they are relatively slow when compared to non-impact printers.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Non-Impact Printers

• It is a type of printer that does not hit or impact a ribbon to print.
• They used laser, xerographic, electrostatic, chemical and inkjet technologies. Non-impact printers are generally much quieter.
• They are less likely to need maintenance or repairs than earlier impact printers. 
• Example of Non-Impact Printers is Inkjet printers and Laser printers. 

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Non-Impact Printers

• Quiet Operation: Non-impact printers have low noise producing capability; thus they can be used where noise is prohibited.
• High-Quality Output: These printers are also capable of printing with a very fine and clear detail or image and clear text or photo which is suitable for professional use or photos.
• Faster Printing: Non-impact printers are normally faster in the way they output their print especially for laser printers.
• Disadvantages of Non-Impact Printers
• Higher Cost: There is a possibility for non impact printers and their components; ink or toner to be costly as compared to impact printers.
• Sensitive to Media: Some of the non-impact printers are very sensitive to the type of paper used and hence may not produce good prints as well as being less reliable.�

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Non-Impact Printers

• Higher Cost: There is a possibility for non impact printers and their components; ink or toner to be costly as compared to impact printers.
• Sensitive to Media: Some of the non-impact printers are very sensitive to the type of paper used and hence may not produce good prints as well as being less reliable.�

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Difference between Impact and Non-Impact Printers

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Types of printer Non-Impact Printers

Although there are different types of printers, nowadays, two types of printers are commonly used, which are inkjet and laser printers. A list of all the various types of printers is given below:

• Inkjet Printers
• Laser Printers
• 3D Printers
• LED Printers
• Solid Ink Printers
• Dot Matrix Printers
• Multifunction or All-in-One Printers
• Thermal printer
• Plotter

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Inkjet Printers

• It is widely used by home and business computer users that prints characters by spraying the ink using magnetic plates on the paper. It contains a paper feed assembly, ink cartridge, print head, stabilizer bar, and belt.
• It stores the ink in cartridges, and uses separate cartridge to print several types of color documents. These colors are a combination of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black color. These types of printers have the ability to create high-quality pictures with the help of vivid colors. Furthermore, the inkjet printers are more affordable and easier to use as compared to other printers.�

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Inkjet Printers:

• The Inkjet printers have the ability to produce high-quality output.
• These printers are reasonably fast and easy to use.
• Additionally, these types of printers do not take warm up time.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Inkjet Printer:

• It may take more time to print.
• Its running cost is high.
• It does not allow the highlighter marker.
• Sometimes, it can produce a wrong warning of an empty cartridge.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

What is RGB Color Model?

1. RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue colors are mixed together in various proportions to form a different array of colors. The name was given with the first letters of three primary colors red, green and blue. In this model, colors are prepared by adding components, with white having all colors in it and black without the presence of any color. RGB color model is used in various digital displays like TV and video displays, Computer displays, digital cameras, and other light-based display devices
2. The RGB color model is one of the most widely used color representation method in computer graphics. It use a color coordinate system with three primary colors: R(red), G(green), B(blue)

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

CMY color model

• The CMY color model is a subtractive color model in which cyan, magenta and yellow pigments or dyes are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three subtractive primary colors: cyan, magenta, and yellow.
• The CMY color model itself does not define what is meant by cyan, magenta and yellow calorimetrically, and so the results of mixing them are not specified as absolute, but relative to the primary colors. When the exact chromaticity's of the cyan, magenta, and yellow primaries are defined, the color model then becomes an absolute color space.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Why use a CMYK color model over RGB?

• Using a CMY color model provides a workaround for this problem as cyan, magenta, and yellow are lighter than red, green, and blue. CMY will be able to cover most lighter color ranges quite easily, compared to using RGB. However, while CMY by itself will not be able to create very deep dark colors or a “true black,” so black (designated “K” for “key color”) is added to CMY so a much wider range of colors can be achieved compared to just RGB.
• Both RGB and CMYK are modes for mixing color in graphic design. As a quick reference, the RGB color mode is best for digital work, while CMYK is used for print products. But to fully optimize your design, you need to understand the mechanisms behind each. Let’s dive deeper.
• The corner of the CMY color cube that is at (0, 0, 0) corresponds to white, whereas the corner of the cube that is at (1, 1, 1) represents black. The following formulas summarize the conversion between the two color models:

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Convert RGB values (29,98,128) into CMY

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages and Disadvantages of RGB Color Model

Advantages of the RGB color model

1. No transformation is required to display information on the screen, for this reason, it is considered as the base color space for various applications.
2. It is used in video display because of additive property.
3. It is a computationally practical system.

Disadvantages of the RGB color model

1. It is non-useful for object specification and recognition of colors.
2. It is difficult to determine a specific color in the RGB model.
3. It is a hardware-oriented system.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages and Disadvantages of CMYK Color Model�

Advantages of the CMYK color model

• Commonly used for production printer color.

Disadvantages of the CMYK color model

It is a subtractive model, the components are pigments or inks, not color.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Why use a CMYK color model?

• Using a CMY color model provides a workaround for this problem as cyan, magenta, and yellow are lighter than red, green, and blue. CMY will be able to cover most lighter color ranges quite easily, compared to using RGB. However, while CMY by itself will not be able to create very deep dark colors or a “true black,” so black (designated “K” for “key color”) is added to CMY so a much wider range of colors can be achieved compared to just RGB.

Simulation of differences without CMYK conversion

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Why Printing Uses CMYK Color Model

• CMYK printing is the standard in the industry. The reason printing uses CMYK comes down to an explanation of the colors themselves. CMY will cover most lighter color ranges quite easily, compared to using RGB. However, CMY by itself can’t create very deep dark colors like “true black,” so black (designated “K” for “key color”) is added. This gives CMY a much wider range of colors compared to just RGB.
• The use of CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) for printing has become kind of a trope for printers. But the reason why printing uses CMYK isn’t that well known, even to many graphic designers.
• On the surface, it doesn’t seem to make sense. You might even have learned in elementary school that the primary colors — red, green, and blue (RGB) — are the primary colors, from which all the other colors come. After all, monitors, projectors, and television sets use red, green, and blue (RGB) to create all the other colors. Mixing some of these colors produces the secondary colors — cyan, magenta, and yellow. Mixing them all produces white.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Why don’t we just use RGB inks in printers?

• While there are a select number of rare printers that use RGB, there are a multitude of practical reasons CMYK printing will be the dominant model for a long time. To understand why printers generally don’t use RGB, we have to understand a few things. On a monitor or projector, combining RGB colored light creates lighter colors- great if you have a dark screen.

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• However, on print materials, colors are produced differently from how they are made on a computer monitor. Layering RGB inks on top of or close to each other produces darker colors because inks can only absorb and reflect different colors in the light spectrum, not emit them. RGB colors are already dark to begin with. This makes it difficult to produce lighter colors such as yellow or lime green as adding RGB colors will invariably result in much darker hues.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Laser printers

• The laser printer is one of the common personal computer printers. It was introduced in 1971, and after that it was developed at Xerox PARC by Gary Starkweather.
• It uses the laser or non-impact photocopier technology to print the text and images on the paper.
• Whenever it gets input to print any document, a laser beam draws the document on the selenium-coated drum with the help of electric charges.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Laser printers

• When the drum is charged, it is rolled in toner (dry ink powder).
• The ink follows the image, which has charged on the drum. The ink is combined with the paper, including heat and pressure, then transferred on a chunk (piece) of paper.
• When the document is printed, the excess toner is collected, and an electric charge is removed from the drum.
• Most of the laser printers are capable of printing only in monochrome.
• The monochrome laser printer is around ten times cheaper than a color laser printer.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

3D Printers

• One of the best enhancements in the history of printing technology is the 3d printer, which was developed by Chuck Hull in 1984.
• It produces 3D objects and items by using quality resin. It uses materials like plastics, polymers, metal alloys, or even food ingredients.�

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Application of 3D printers�

• There are many applications where 3D printers are used, such as archaeology, aerospace engineering, information systems, dentistry, and biotechnology.
• For example, it might be used to reconstruct ancient artifacts of archaeology physically, which have been destroyed with time.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How 3D printer works?

• Generally, the design of an object starts in a computer-aided design (CAD) software system where its prototype is created. Then, the computer-aided design system sends this prototype to the printer in STL (stereolithography) file format.
• The printer then starts the process of recreating the object layer-by-layer after reading the prototype in cross-sections.
• The below image is a blueprint of 3d printer that is known as FlashForge.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

3d printer filament

Advantages of 3D printer:

• The main advantage of a 3D printer is that it allows users to print objects in 3D .
• It has the ability of full customization.
• It is easy to access and cost-effective.
• It prints the documents with better quality.
• It provides users unlimited shapes and geometry.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of 3D printer:

• Its initial and resin costs are high.
• 3D printing is still developing technology.
• It consumes high energy around 50 to 100 more than injection molding.
• It includes limited materials
• The 3D printers are slow as they are limitless for mass customization.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

LED Printers

• The LED printer is mostly like a laser printer. It uses the drum, ink, and fuser system to print the black or colored documents.
• Initially, Casio and function developed the LED printers by focusing light throughout the whole length of the drum.
• These types of printers are non-impact, but instead of using a laser in the printhead they use a light-emitting diode.
• These printers were invented by the manufacturer OKI in 1989.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

LED Printers

• There is a difference between laser printers and LED printers; the LED printers use a strip of LEDs to create an ink-attracting static charge on the printing drum while laser printers use a laser and mirror. Although LED printers are not more popular as compared to inkjet and laser printer, they are gently gaining popularity as they provide users the unique benefits.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How LED printer works?

• LED printers have a photoreceptive drum-like laser printer, which contain surface that is extremely charged with static electricity with the help of high voltage wire. In a laser printer, to draw an image or text from a circuit board, laser uses the data, which is sent to it that needs to be printed into a mirror and moves on its axis for transferring the beam on to the drum.
• Whereas, in the LED printer, the negative static charge is produced by LEDs that may be located above or below the drum.The light that comes from the LED strikes the positively charged drum that erases the charge from the drum and produces a negative electrostatic charge. This charge attracts the positively charged toner particles, which stick to the negatively charged surface created by the LEDs.
• When the paper enters the printer’s mechanism, it gets positively charged with the help of high voltage wire and draw the toner from the negatively charged parts where it has stuck.Then, the paper moves between two heated rollers, and before it comes out from the printer, it carries the toner on the page.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of the LED printer:

• The manufacturing of LED printers is cheaper than laser printers.
• These types of printers mostly contain free warranty extensions.
• These printers are capable of printing on thick 3D items.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Thermal printer

• The thermal printer is invented by Jack Kilby that is also known as an electrothermal printer, thermal transfer printer, or thermal wax-transfer printer.
• It utilizes heated pins in order to produce the image on paper.
• These types of printers are widely used in banking, airline, grocery, entertainment, retail, healthcare industries, fax, and calculator machines.
• These printers are low-cost and print fast, and do not use ink like other printers.
• They primarily depend on the thermal paper to produce the images.
• This technology is useful for an organization as it is reliable as well as cost-effective.
• Employees can work continuously without getting interrupted because they do not need to change the cartridges or ribbons in this printer.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Thermal printer:

• One of the main advantages of a thermal printer, it does not need any ribbons or cartridges.
• Thus, the companies can save the time by using it.
• These types of printers are easy to use as they have fewer buttons, including the use of software.
• These are beneficial for offices as they provide noise-free environments.
• These printers are cheaper and available in several models and sizes.
• These printers are faster and more efficient in printing monochromic ones than the other printers.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Thermal printer:

• Generally, a thermal printer does not produce colors print out well, like standard printers.
• At the time of printing, the high heat can be harmful to the printhead. Consequently, if the printhead breaks down, you have to pay for a repair or buy a new one.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Dot Matrix Printers

• The dot matrix printers are also known as a pin printer that was released by IBM in 1957. Although, in 1970, Centronics created the first dot-matrix impact printer. It strikes an ink ribbon using print heads that place thousands of little dots to form images and text. Nowadays, as compared to laser and inkjet printers, it is less used, as its printing speed slow and generates lower quality images. However, dot matrix printers are still in use in some sectors like package delivery companies and auto part stores.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Dot matrix printer:

• A dot matrix printer is less expensive as compared to most of the printers, and it is easily available in the market.
• It has the ability to print carbon copies of a particular print out, unlike non-impact printers.
• Its printing cost is lowest than the other printers.
• Furthermore, its maintenance cost is less expensive than the other printers.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Dot matrix printer:

• The speed of the dot matrix printer is slow as compared to non-impact printers, and its output is also not of high resolution.
• It creates high noise when the pins hit the ribbon to the paper.
• It may be a time-consuming printer as it requires a single paper to wound up and aligned manually.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Multifunction Printers

• Multifunction printer is a hardware device that can perform various tasks such as printing, scanning, faxing, and copying. It is also called the All-in-One printer.
• It is suitable for budget-minded businesses that want to reduce costs, consolidate assets, and improve workflow.
• Although it is necessary to connect the printer to a computer with the help of a wire or wireless connection, sometimes it can be controlled from their control panel like standalone copiers. Furthermore, no need for more than one unit as it can easily complete multiple tasks within an office or home simultaneously.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Advantages of Multifunction Printers:

• The multifunction printers can save initial cost, as instead of purchasing many printers and fax machines, you can purchase only one large MFG for multipurpose.
• These types of printers are beneficial for home and office as they save a lot of floor space. It may be difficult to find space for the fax machine, printer, and scanner, but a multifunction printer takes limited space and can perform multi-task such as a printing, faxing, and scanning.
• One of the best advantages of a multifunction printer, the operation functionality is faster as compared to laser printers or other printers. Also, some of the multifunction printers can send print documents, faxes, scan images, and copy all at the same time.
• Furthermore, these printers need only one cable to power the whole setup, which reduces the congestion and electricity required to run the device. Thus, the multifunction printer consumes less power as compared to other printers.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Disadvantages of Multifunction Printers:�

• The operating cost of a multifunction printer is high. Its maintenance cost is also expensive as it uses ink speedily as compared to other printers. All functions, such as faxing, copying, and printer, use ink faster.
• These printers perform a task on the basis of first in first out rule. So all tasks stack up in a queue that can cause slow the machine.Thus, some people may have to wait to use the machine.
• When the multifunction printer is out of service or broken down, the all work scanning, printing, copying, faxing will be completely stopped. It can be an issue for an organization, if they have more requirements for faxing, copying, and printing the documents.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Plotter Printer

• A plotter is a hardware device or a printer, which was first invented by Remington-Rand in 1953. It is developed to print vector graphics and uses a pencil, pen, marker, or other writing tools for drawing continuous lines instead of using ink or tonner. It is widely used to print a hard copy of schematics and other similar applications.
• There are several types of plotter given in the below list:
• Drum plotter: It is also known as roller plotter. It turns the paperback and forth on a drum while pens move left and right. With the help of combining these two directions, the line can be drawn in any direction.
• Flatbed plotter: In flatbed plotter, a paper is placed on a large horizontal surface.A traveling bar moves across the surface and draws the lines.
• Electrostatic plotter: It draws on paper that is charged negatively with positively charged ink or tonner.
• Inkjet Plotter: It is a type of Pinch Roller Plotter, which produces an image with the help of showering little drops of ink on the paper.
• Cutting Plotter: It is a new generation device that allows users to cut different shapes. It is mainly used for advertising, sign-making, bill board, and vehicle graphics.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

There are several types of plotter given in the below list:

• Drum plotter: It is also known as roller plotter. It turns the paperback and forth on a drum while pens move left and right. With the help of combining these two directions, the line can be drawn in any direction.
• Flatbed plotter: In flatbed plotter, a paper is placed on a large horizontal surface.A traveling bar moves across the surface and draws the lines.
• Electrostatic plotter: It draws on paper that is charged negatively with positively charged ink or tonner.
• Inkjet Plotter: It is a type of Pinch Roller Plotter, which produces an image with the help of showering little drops of ink on the paper.
• Cutting Plotter: It is a new generation device that allows users to cut different shapes. It is mainly used for advertising, sign-making, bill board, and vehicle graphics.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

Cutting Plotter

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to buy a printer?

Whenever you are buying a printer, it may be a difficult task for you to select a perfect printer. Below is important information about printer technology that can help you to buy a printer.

• Technology
• While purchasing a printer, the first consideration is technology, which is used by the printer for printing.
• Nowadays, laser and inkjet printers are more popular printer technologies.
• Laser printers are better solution for businesses or network as they provide high-quality resolution, efficiency, and speed.
• Inkjet printers are affordable and beneficial for home businesses and home users.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to buy a printer?

Resolution

• It is one of the main points to keep in mind while purchasing a printer.
• It is measured on the basis of dots per inch (DPI) printed by a printer.

Speed

• Before buying a printer, speed is also an important point that must be considered.
• The speed of a printer means how many pages can be printed by a printer in a minute. It can be rated between 4 and 10+ pages per minute (PPM), which is based on different factors like if a print is a color or black and white, full-page, or text only.
• You may prefer to buy a laser printer as it has a faster speed of page per minute as compared to the Inkjet printer.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to buy a printer?

• Cost per page
• The cost per page is related to the ongoing price of the printer after purchasing it. When you are looking at cost per page, you may have to pay less for a laser printer as compared to an ink printer.
• Ink and toner
• Whenever you are buying a printer, the toner or ink is an important factor.
• Read the given below characteristics of the ink that is used with the printer.

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to buy a printer?

• Price 
• Price is one of the most important factors when you are purchasing a printer.
• If you need to use the printer frequently, you have to spend more money on replacing the ink.Thus, check out how much cost will have to pay when the ink requires to be replaced.
• You are required to look availability of the ink from where you can purchase it.
• As there are some printer manufacturers who exclusively provide the ink to customers.
• In case if you buy this ink from a third-party, the printer's warranty becomes void.
• Check out what type of ink is used by your printer. Users who are thinking about the laser printer, make sure the printer accepts different color cartridges.
• Some printer manufacturers may provide one cartridge that contains all types of cartridges, so even if you need one color, you have to buy all the colors available in this cartridge.
• Also, check if cartridges contain only ink or ink and nozzles because the cartridges with ink and nozzles will more costly as compared to the cartridge with just ink.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

How to buy a printer?

Cost per page

• Check out what type of ink is used by your printer.
• Users who are thinking about the laser printer, make sure the printer accepts different color cartridges.
• Some printer manufacturers may provide one cartridge that contains all types of cartridges, so even if you need one color, you have to buy all the colors available in this cartridge.
• Also, check if cartridges contain only ink or ink and nozzles because the cartridges with ink and nozzles will more costly as compared to the cartridge with just ink.

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Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd

“Thank You”

Lectures By Md. Tariqul Islam, Lecturer & Coordinator, Dept. of CSE, UGV, Email: tariq.ugv@gmail.com, Web: www.tariqul.ugv.edu.bd