Cellular A&P

Schedule

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

October 13th, 2022 Q1W6

SWBAT: Explore cell structure and function

☆How is a cell like a factory?

♡"Many of our cells are replaced every month. Everything you know about me is a memory." ~Haruki Murakami

☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94

Questions 17-21 (read 77-90)

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Plasma Cell Membrane

the semipermeable (half permitting) boundary of the cell

Cytoplasm (cell fluid)

substance that maintains the shape of the cell

Nucleus

control center of the cell that contains DNA code

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Ribosomes

(consecutive bodies)

synthesizes proteins from DNA code

Endoplasmic Reticulum

(inner fluid hallway)

packages proteins and synthesizes lipids

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Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Mitochondria

(threadlike membrane)

produces energy of the cell by breaking down sugars

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Peroxisome

(O2 body)

contains chemicals to break down cell toxins

Lysosome

(cutting body)

contains chemicals to digest broken cell parts

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Golgi Apparatus

transports proteins to other parts of the cell or outside the cell

Vacuole

(empty space)

stores H₂O & nutrients in the cell for later use

Osmosis

WR1 90 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Diffusion and Osmosis

October 11th, 2022 Q1W6

SWBAT: Engage in diffusion and osmosis

☆Do we like crowded spaces?

♡The diffusion of knowledge is the only guardian of true liberty." ~ James Madison

☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94

Questions 17-21 (read 77-90)

Diffusion and Osmosis

Diffusion molecules using kinetic energy to spread across a space evenly

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Concentration Gradient diffusion action based on size of molecules and amount of space (volume)

Diffusion and Osmosis

Solvent fluid a substance molecules are dissolved into

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Solute molecules that are in a high concentration

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Solution homogeneous mixture of two or more compounds

Diffusion and Osmosis

The equal sign means a reaction (Rx) has taken place

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Diffusion and Osmosis

1. Mark one beaker “A” and one beaker “B”
2. Use the core to make 2 - 2 cm cores
3. Dry each core thoroughly with a paper towel
4. Weigh a core & record its weight as “A”
5. Weigh the second core and record its weight as “B”
6. Add each core to a beaker
7. Cover “A” with 100 ml of the Yellow solution
8. Cover “B” with 100 ml of the Blue solution

Diffusion and Osmosis

• Pour solutions out of beakers
• Dry each potato core
• Record its final weight!

Diffusion and Osmosis

Osmosis diffusion of water through a membrane or other barrier

Passive Transport smaller molecules undergoing osmosis without any additional energy

Active Transport larger molecules undergoing osmosis with additional energy

Diffusion and Osmosis

Isotonic a solution with an equal amount of solute molecules as the cell

Hypertonic a solution with more solute molecules than the cell

Hypotonic a solution with less solute molecules than the cell

Diffusion and Osmosis

Mutation

F1 50 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Mutation

October 18th, 2022 Q1W7

SWBAT: Examine mutation as Δ

☆What happens in a game of telephone?

♡Mutation has caused life to evolve from a single-celled organism into every species on the planet.  ~Charles Xavier

☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94

Questions 17-21 (read 77-90)

Mutation

Telephone activity

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Message 1

purple cows eat green biscuits on Tuesday

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Message 2

yellow pandas sat on red roses last Saturday

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Message 3

orange zebras rolled blue boulders last Thursday

Mutation

Mutation a permanent structural alteration to DNA that may be beneficial, neutral, or detrimental in its effect.

Types of Mutation

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1. Substitution�is a mutation that exchanges one code for another (i.e., a change in a single "chemical letter" such as switching an A to a G). 

Example: GATTACA to GATTTCA

Mutation

2. Insertion

Extra base pairs of alleles, a gene, are added to the DNA

Example: GATTACA to GATTACTACA

3. Deletion

Sections of DNA are lost during replication

Example: GATTACA to GATACA

4. Frameshift

Correct grouping of codons, a gene, is arranged incorrectly

Example: GATTACA to ATTACAG

Mutation

Mutagenesis the resulting new DNA that is dependent on a mutagen (cause of change).

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1. Causes of mutations variables that change genotype producing a new phenotype
1. Radiation all energy waves disrupt electron exchange at the cellular level and may affect molecule bonds of DNA
2. Antigens any substance or microorganism that enteres the body may distort DNA (viruses and drugs have the strongest effect)
3. Trauma mechanical impact to the body that damages cells
4. Genetics personal genome may be prone to random errors.  DNA replicates once per hour that chance of entropy increases as the individuals lifespan decreases 

Mutation

Example...

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Hey Grandma, it's time to eat

Hey Grandma, it's time to eat

Hey, it's time to eat Grandma     (frameshift)

Hey, it's time to eat Grandma 

Hey, it's time to beat Grandma   (insertion)

Hey, it's time to beat Grandma

Hey, it's time to beat Grandpa    (substitution)

Hey, it's time to beat Grandpa

It's time to beat Grandpa             (deletion) 

It's time to beat Grandpa 

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Mutation Stations

Mutation

Modeling Mutations in Transcription

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1. On the paper provided write one of the following... Your name, a short sentence (≤5 words) , or draw a simple picture (≤5 lines) that will model as DNA in the exercise.

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2. Hand the piece of paper clockwise to the next person.  

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3. Most people will duplicate exactly what you wrote.  Some people have received cards to substitute, delete, insertion, or frameshift and will take that action with your "DNA."

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4. When you get it back underline where each mutation happened and which kind occurred.

Tissues

M2 60 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Body Tissues

October 14th, 2022 Q1W6

SWBAT: Evaluate body tissues

☆Why have specialists?

♡"Human experience weighs more than human tissue." ~ Burroughs

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Body Tissues

Epithelial Tissue (upon layer)cells that cover all free body surfaces and create boundaries between our distinct body structures and between us and the environment.

Epithelial functions

Protects organs from impact

Absorbs excess fluids from body cavities

Secrete excess fluids and ions

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Body Tissues

Connective Tissue is layered, typically having relatively few cells embedded in an abiotic matrix

Connective functions

Protects organs from impact

Binds tissues together

Transports fluids and ions

Stores excess nutrients

Body Tissues

Muscle Tissue is composed of fibrous cells that have the ability to contract manifesting movement

Muscle functions

Squeezes organs to transport fluids and ions

Binds tissues together

Generate heat

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Body Tissues

Body Tissues

Nervous Tissue specialized to conduct the impulses of organs in the body in reference to a stimulus

Nervous functions

Irritability is a sensitivity to changes in the environment (stimuli) resulting in a response of some kind.

Conductivity is the transmission of a wave of electrochemical excitation.

Body Tissues

Use your Visual Thinking Strategies to describe the similarities an differences of the four tissue types.

Body Tissues

1. Write the following list in your notes...
1. connects tissues ✓✓✓
2. fibrous cells
3. high concentration of mitochondria
4. interacts with/by ions
5. layered cells
6. protection tissues
7. secretes or transports molecules
8. stimulus and response
9. exothermic
10. stores excess molecules
2. Place red, orange, blue, and green dots next to the appropriate physiology based on which anatomy matches

Agenda

• Biochemistry Project
• Graphed Homeostasis Journal
• Finish Homework
• Experience gratitude for living in safe clean city

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Marieb 3 Cells and Tissues

Mr. Capodagli

☆♡☾

♂ ♀

△

The vault

Not used in the most recent

school year

BELOW

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BBC

L2 90 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Hidden Kingdom

Video

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Inquiry Guide

Review

90 minutes

WaRnInG

*NEXT WEEK*

NOTE/FOLDER/BINDER CHECK

Next WEEK

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Check-in Summary

1. Create a color key for…
1. Organization
2. Sleep
3. Hygiene
4. Love
5. Metabolism
2. Add the dates from our class to a graph
• Backside (small box)
• New paper (large box)
3. Answer the reflection questions
• Set a goal for yourself for the next two weeks
• Be joyous since you live in a safe clean city

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Define

1. Nucleus
2. Plasma Cell Membrane
3. Cytoplasm
4. Mitochondria
5. Ribosomes
6. Endoplasmic Reticulum
7. Golgi Apparatus
8. Lysosomes
9. Peroxisomes
10. Vacuole

Draw & Label

• Nucleus
• Plasma Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi Apparatus
• Lysosomes
• Peroxisomes
• Vacuole

Short Answer

1. Create an example of each of the 4 mutations (insertion, deletion, substitution, and frameshift).
2. Describe three similarities and two differences between Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nerve tissues.

Draw and Label

Diagram Set 1

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Solution

Solute

Solvent

Rx (reaction)

Beaker

Diagram Set 2

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Hypertonic

Isotonic

Hypotonic

Molecules

Osmosis

Beaker

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Cell

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Plasma Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Cell

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Plasma Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Cell

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Plasma Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Peroxisome (H₂O₂)

Lysosome (slice)

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Cell

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Plasma Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Mitochonria

Peroxisome (H₂O₂)

Lysosome (digest)

Golgi Apparatus

Cellular Anatomy and Physiology

Cell

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Plasma Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Mitochonria

Peroxisome (H₂O₂)

Lysosome (digest)

Golgi Apparatus

Vacuole

MODEL!

1. Re-create our drawing with the playdough
2. Label it’s anatomy with paper tabs
3. Take a picture
4. Send the picture to dcapodagli@bostonpublicschools.org
1. in the subject line put “Cell” and your partners names

Draw and Label

• Vacuole
• Mitochondria
• Plasma Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Ribosome
• Golgi Apparatus
• Peroxisome
• Lysosome
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Define

• Nucleus
• Plasma Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Reticulum
• Golgi Apparatus
• Lysosomes
• Peroxisomes
• Vacuole

Short Answer

• What are three similarities and three differences between DNA and RNA?
• Describe the difference between passive and active transport and give an example of each.
• Pick two of the human body tissues between Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nerve. Describe three similarities and two differences between them.

Draw and Label

Diagram Set 1

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Solution

Solute

Solvent

Rx (reaction)

Beaker

Diagram Set 2

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Hypertonic

Isotonic

Hypotonic

Molecules

Osmosis

Beaker

Draw and Label

Spare! Cell Inclusions

1. Laboratory Notes
1. Pick two cell slide types
2. View them under the compound microscope
1. Start with lowest magnification (red stripe)
2. Increase to Yellow or Blue
3. Draw the field of view
4. Describe the visual (as though you were telling someone who was not their to see it) with adjectives
• Overall shape
• Texture (solid, porous, etc.)
• One piece or multiple fragments
• Is the nucleus, or other organelles, visible

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1. Cell Inclusion Poster
1. Pick form the list
2. Title
3. Individual cell picture (use Pgs. 64-65)
1. Color Code for 4 organelles *you may need to go online
4. Tissue Illustration (use 82-86)
• 5 facts about this particular cell/tissue type

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1. Pg. 93-94 SAE 21-25

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Daily Homeostasis Check-In

Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Body Tissues

1. Open your book to Page 65
2. Notice the different cell types
1. DRAW the individual cell types
2. Label them
3. Color Code for following 3 organelles…
1. Red = Plasma Cell Membrane
2. Orange = nucleus
3. Yellow = Cytoplasm
3. Specialized organelles…
• Fat cell - color the Vacuole for the Lipid in grey
• Macrophage cell - color the Lysosome light blue

Body Tissues

Body Tissues

Body Tissues

Body Tissues

1. Draw the Venn Diagram on the left side of your notes
2. Compare and contrast the different tissues

Body Tissues

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experiment 1

Goal- To simulate cellular transport (osmosis) and concluding tonic conditions

Materials-

300ml beaker

10ml sugar solution

100ml H₂O

1ml Benedicts

2 clamps

1 strip Dialysis Tubing

Methods-

1. One team member labels a heated beaker with your planet symbol and adds 1ml Benedicts solute

2. A second team member gets 2 clamps, 1 dialysis tube

3. Clamp one end of the dialysis tube

4. Fill the tube "cell" with 10ml sugar solution

5. Clamp other end

6. Rinse cell off and place in Benedicts solution

7. Put the beaker on the hotplate

8. Wait 5 minutes without disturbing experiment

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experiment 2

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Methods-

1. One team member obtains a 300ml beaker fills it with 50ml H₂O and 50ml Iodine solute

2. A second team member gets 2 clamps, 1 dialysis tube

3. Clamp one end of the dialysis tube

4. Fill the tube "cell" with 10ml Starch solution

5. Clamp other end

6. Rinse cell off and place in iodine solution

7. Wait 5 minutes without disturbing experiment

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experiment 2

Goal- To simulate cellular transport (osmosis) and concluding tonic conditions

Materials-

300ml beaker

50ml H₂O

50ml Iodine

10ml Starch solution

2 clamps

1 strip Dialysis Tubing

Methods-

1. One team member obtains a 300ml beaker fills it with 50ml H₂O and 50ml Iodine solute

2. A second team member gets 2 clamps, 1 dialysis tube

3. Clamp one end of the dialysis tube

4. Fill the tube "cell" with 10ml Starch solution

5. Clamp other end

6. Rinse cell off and place in iodine solution

7. Wait 5 minutes without disturbing experiment

Diffusion and Osmosis

Conclusion

Write a paragraph describing the results of each experiment.

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In your paragraph answer the following questions...

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1. Which experiment was Hypotonic or Hypertonic?

2. Which experiment was Passive or Active transport?

3. Which molecules were moving with their concentration gradient?

4. Which molecules are bigger between Starch,Sugar, Iodine, and Benedicts? What is your evidence?

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experimental Inquiries 1

Materials

7 test tubes

1 packet Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1/4 tsp.)

100 ml H₂O

500 ml beaker (or similar)

15 ml C₆H₁₂O₆

50 ml beaker (or similar)

1 Test tube rack

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Something better

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experimental Inquiries 2

Procedure

• Partner 1
• Obtains test tube rack and 5 test tubes
• Label them C, Y, H₂O, 3, and NaCl
• Add 1 ml yeast (1/4 tsp.) to control test tube (after labeling it “C”)
• Invert and agitate control test tube to mix contents (after partner 2 does their last part)

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• Partner 2
• Obtain a small beaker a fill it with 100 ml H₂O
• Add 1 Tbsp C₆H₁₂O₆ to beaker and stir with pipeter
• Add 5 ml Glucose solution to control test tube

Diffusion and Osmosis

Experimental Inquiries 3

Hypothesis-

If we add _____ to _____ then _____ will occur in _____ amount (ml, %, cm, etc.).

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Possible Inquiries-

Varying levels of Salinity

Varying levels of pH

Varying levels of H₂O

Varied organic molecules

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Diffusion and Osmosis

Conclusions

In a paragraph answer the following questions...

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1. What did you diffuse into the solution (independent variable)?
2. What did you observe (qualitative data/dependent data)?
3. How did you measure the change (quantitative data/dependent data)?
4. Did the molecules undergo osmosis (evidence is in the reaction)?
5. In your experiment was your yeast Hypo, Iso, or Hypertonic?
6. Did the molecules you manipulated (independent variables) undergo Passive or Active transport? Why do you assert this?

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Lego Modeling Contest!

1. Pick a partner of your choice
2. Inspect the lego bins
3. Discuss ways to build a three dimensional model with the the available pieces
4. Create!

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

TOUCHING THE GENETIC CODE: EXTRACTING DNA FROM STRAWBERRIES

•MATERIAL per experiment

•2-3 frozen strawberries

•Prepare the salt/detergent mixture in advance by adding into a 2 litter flask the following ingredients:

–1 litter of distilled water

–50 ml of detergent (JOY works great)

–7.5 grams of salt

–warm the mixture at 60 degrees Celsius, maintain at this temperature while running experiment

•Ice cold ethanol

•Ice bucket

•1 test tube

•1 coffee filter

•2 beakers (250 mls)

•rubber bands

•mortar and pestle

• hot plate

•Glass hooks (you can make them with Pasteur pipettes)

•Pasteur pipettes and bulbs fro transferring ethanol

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

A. Obtain 2-3 strawberries into a mortar and begin mashing them with the pestle until you have the strawberries become pulp, breaking as much solid material as you can.

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B. Place the pulp inside a 250 ml beaker and add approximately an equal amount of the heated saltwater/detergent solution (around 9-12 eyedroppers). Stir the pulp in this warm saltwater/detergent solution until you get an homogeneous suspension

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C. Add the pulp/salt water/detergent mixture to a 250 ml beaker that has been previously been fitted with a coffee filter and secured with a rubber band (see teacher’s demonstration). Using a spoon separate the pulp over the filter as much as possible.  Filter down as much of the liquid portion from the pulp (~ 5 minutes).

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Answer these while you wait...

• What is the purpose of mashing the strawberries with a mortar and pestle?
• What is the purpose of adding the salt/detergent mixture to the strawberry pulp?
• What is (are) the main component (s) in the filtered liquid?
• What is (are) the main component(s) in the pulp?

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

D. Following the filtration process, you can discard the coffee filter into the wastebasket (not the sink!).  Transfer the filtered liquid portion from your beaker to a test tube so that you fill up the test tube only half way.

E. Now, tilt your test tube at a 45 degree angle and very slowly start adding the ice cold ethanol so that it drips down on the test tube wall.  Do not shake the test tube. You want the ethanol to form a layer on top of your filtrate. Add enough alcohol to fill the test tube 2/3 of the way. If you did this slowly and carefully, you will end up with 2 layers: one red and the other clear.

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F. Using the glass hook VERY GENTLY and SLOWLY reach to the bottom of the test tube and pull the hook back out VERY GENTLY and SLOWLY.

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What do you see?

Mitosis

60-90 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Mitosis

October 15th & 16th, 2013

Q1W7

SWBAT: Engage in mitosis

☆What three items do you need to make a duplicate?

♡"Life has a funny way of turning you into a clone of the people you don't want to be."

~Jonathan Levine

☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94 1-27

Mitosis (IPMATI)

• Interphase the 80% of a cell's existence when it is functioning normally to produce proteins and preparing for Mitosis
• This includes...
• Growth Phase 1 high rate of metabolic activity and bio-synthesis
• Synthesis Phase DNA replication
• Growth Cycle 2 protein synthesis and doubling of organelles

Mitosis (IPMATI)

Create this key on the left side of your notes...

Prophase

Chromatin

Spindle Fibers

Centrioles

Nuclear Envelope

Metaphase

Centromeres

Chromosomes

Anaphase

Chromatid

Telophase

Cytokinesis

Plasma Cell Membrane

The colors you need are...

1. Red
2. Pink or peach
3. Orange
4. Yellow
5. Dark Green
6. Light Green
7. Dark Blue
8. Light Blue
9. Purple
10. Brown
11. Black

Mitosis IPMATI

During Prophase the Chromatin within the Nuclear Envelope begin to twist together. The Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell with the Spindle Fibers attached to them.

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Mitosis IPMATI

During Metaphase the Chromatin condenses into Chromosomes and the Spindle Fibers attach to the Centromeres. The Nuclear Envelope,which began dissolving in Prophase, is completely gone.

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Mitosis IPMATI

During Anaphase the Chromosomes are pulled apart by the Centrioles and Spindle Fibers, which are attached to the Centromeres, and become sister Chromatid.

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Mitosis IPMATI

During Telophase the Nuclear Envelope reforms the unwinds Chromatid into Chromatin inside of the two new nuclei. Cytokinesis occurs and divides the two sides into two new daughter cells.

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Mitosis (IPMATI)

1. Go the assigned space with the cooperating planet you've been grouped with (there will be four of you).
2. Using the clay make each step of Mitosis (one phase per person).
3. Each person describes their step as another person records it (continues filming). Make sure to capture both the model and the speaker on camera.
4. Watch your movie with another group and the eight of you vote on the better of the two.

Mitosis (IPMATI)

1. Create a Venn Diagram on the Right Side of your notes holding the page in the "landscape" orientation (rotate 90 degrees).
2. Watch two videos on Mitosis and list four similarities and two differences.
3. Qualify the two videos describing their properties and effect on your learning.

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1. Title of this video

2. Two distinct features

1. Title of this video

2. Two distinct features

Four Similarities

Enzymes

60 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Enzymes

October 16th, 2013

Q1W7

SWBAT: Examine enzyme physiology

☆How long does it take a whole apple to rot? A severed one?

♡"Mistakes are like enzymes for character development." ~Banana Yoshimoto (My favorite author!)

☾ Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94 1-27

Enzymes

I. Introduction

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Activation energy the initial energy needed to start a chemical Rx

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Enzyme a protein based molecule that Δ activation energy and synthesizes, or catalyzes molecules.

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Substrate the molecules (the reactant) an enzyme acts on

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Active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds

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Products the molecules that are created by enzyme synthesis or destroyed by enzyme catalyzation

Enzymes

II. Challenges to enzyme productivity

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pH a Δ in ion concentration creates a polarity which causes the enzyme to lose its shape

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Temperature fluctuations cause a Δ in activation energy which destabilizes the rate of the Rx. Heat will also denature the protein (Δ it’s shape).

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Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing with the substrate

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Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to another part of an enzyme, causing the enzyme to change shape and making the active site less effective

Enzymes

dd

Substrates

Enzyme

Active Site

Enzymes

dd

Substrates

Enzyme

Active Site

Enzymes

Products

Enzyme

Active Site

Substrate

Enzymes

1. Review enzyme activity on Pg. 87
• Binding of substrate (a reactant): E + S ↔ ES
• Conversion of bound substrate to bound product: ES ↔ EP
• Release of product: EP ↔ E + P
2. Modeling enzyme activity
• Use the playdough to model each step individually
• Draw each step with matching colors in your notes on the left

Enzymes

1. Label the seven test tubes...
1. C (control)
2. CP (control and potato)
3. CC (control and chicken)
4. CD (control and denatured potato)
5. 3P (pH 3 and potato)
6. 3C (pH 3 and chicken)
7. 3D (pH 3 and denatured potato)
2. Fill each test tube 1/4 of the way with H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide).
3. Add 1/4 of a test tube of H₂O to the Controls (the tubes will now be 1/2 full).
4. Add 1/4 of a test tube of pH 3 to the 3’s (the tubes will now be 1/2 full).

Enzymes

5. Discuss a hypothesis about the rate of O₂ bubble gas release in each test tube after when the potato and chicken will be put in on scale of 1-10 (1 being low and 10 being a high Rx).

6. Drop in the slices of potato and chicken. Observe for one minute.

7. Describe what you see (qualitative data).

8. Rate the Rx in each test tube and record the data (quantitative data).

9. Were your predictions accurate?

10. Which cell type has more active peroxidase, plant or animal?

11. What was the effect of pH Δ and Temperature Δ on peroxidase activity?

Enzymes 2013

1. Label the three test tubes C (control), 3 (pH 3), and 11 (pH 11).
2. Fill each test tube 1/3 of the way with H₂O₂.
3. Add 1/3 of a test tube of H₂O to the Control (the test will now be 2/3 full).
4. Add 1/3 of a test tube of pH 3 to the 3 (the test will now be 2/3 full).
5. Add 1/3 of a test tube of pH11 to the 11 (the test will now be 2/3 full).
6. Measure the pH of each test tube and record the data (quantitative).
7. You will be adding potato to each. H₂O₂ acts as a catalyst to starch and releases gas on contact. Discuss a hypothesis about the rate of O₂ bubble gas release in each test tube after when the potato will be put in.
8. Drop in the slice of potato and observe for one minute. Describe what you see (qualitative).

Protein Synthesis

45-60 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

Protein Synthesis

October 10th, 2014    

Q1W6

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SWBAT: Explain protein synthesis

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☆How are genes analogous to resource materials for a research paper?

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♡"Genetic engineering is to breeding as a nuclear bomb is to a sword."   

~Andrew Kimbrell

☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94 1-27

Finish Genetic Art

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Protein Synthesis Worksheet

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Protein Synthesis

Amino Acids

molecules that connect make up polypeptides (proteins).  We have a total of 20 amino acids that combine to make                          different proteins.  

How many different combinations can twenty different symbols make?

20x19x18x17x16...x1=

= 2,432,902,008,176,640,000!

= 2.4 Quintillion!

Protein Synthesis

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

A unit of 3 nucleic acids also called a codon.

mRNA carries the code for an amino acid.  

Example CUU=Leucine

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

A unit of 3 nucleic acids with a site for an amino acid also called an anti-codon.

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome to be chained together.

Protein Synthesis

Transcription 

One strand of the DNA double helix is used as a template to synthesize a mRNA

This mRNA migrates from the nucleus through the cytoplasm to the ribosome.

Protein Synthesis

Translation 

The ribosome binds to the mRNA at the start codon (AUG).  The complementary tRNA anticodon enters the ribosome with an amino acid attached.

The ribosome moves from codon to codon along the mRNA. Amino acids are added one by one, translated into polypeptide sequences dictated by DNA and represented by mRNA.

At the end, a release factor binds to the stop codon (UAA), terminating translation and releasing the complete polypeptide from the ribosome.

Protein Synthesis

DNA

45-60-90 minutes

Daily Homeostasis Check-In

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Qualitative data describes the experience

Quantitative data is the amount measured

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

October 19th, 2017     Q1W7

SWBAT: Examine the DNA molecule

☆Which is more conservative of space; a line or a spiral?

"Schools, libraries and museums are the DNA of our culture." ~ Vartan Gregorian

 ☾Marieb SAE Pg. 93-94 1-27

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Genetics Art Day; express your DNA!

1. Pick a theme based on gene expression...
1. Punnett Square trait tracking
2. Ethnogeographical trait tracking
3. Genetically modified organisms
4. Gel electrophoresis in criminal cases
5. Inheritable diseases
6. Epigenetics
7. Nature vs. Nurture

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• Art tips and tricks
• Have a working title
• Warm vs. Cool colors
• Bold, curvy, or no lines
• Symbols with common meaning (ex. lion for bravery/power)
• Have an emotion in mind

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DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

DNA Day Essay contest

Netted Concepts

Art of Gene Expression

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DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Nucleic Acid Any of a group of complex compounds found in the form of DNA and RNA control cellular function and heredity.

Ribonucleic Acid a single strand nucleic acid molecule that has Uracil instead of Thymine

Deoxyribonucleic Acid a double strand nucleic acid molecule 

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Pyrimidine a single-ringed, crystalline organic base, C4H4N2, that forms Uracil, Cytosine, or Thymine

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DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Purine a double-ringed molecule made from C5H4N4 that makes the nitrogen bases Adenine and Guanine

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DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Nitrogen Base the combination of a Purine and a Pyrimidine which are merged by a hydrogen bond

Hydrogen Bond two hydrogen atoms creating a weak electromagnetic field that joins a Purine and a Pyrimidine

Ribose Sugar Phosphate a polar molecule of ribose sugar and phosphate molecules that make the frame of nucleic acids

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid    

Draw & Color

Make C (cytosine) blue

Make U (uracil) light green

Make A (adenine) red

Make G (guanine) orange

Make T (thymine) dark green

Make pentagons light blue

Make ball-lines pink

Sub-plans OCTOBER 19th

Anatomy & Physiology

Take these notes (below)

Group C

DNA notes

Group E

Diffusion notes

Schedule