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dks"B 'kCn dh O;qRifÙk ^^de tYka rL; v¨l% nkg% fr"Bfr Òofr vfLeu~ bfr d¨"B%** crkbZ gSA vFkkZr~ tYk dh ok"ihdj.k fØ;k ls ftlesa 'kfä mRié g¨rh g¨ ml ;U«klewg d¨ d¨"B dgrs gSaA mlh Ádkj d¨"B esa Òh dbZ Ádkj ds dk;Z foÒkx gSaA ;g d¨"B 'kCn dq"k nkgs /kkrq ls cuk gS ftldk rkRi;Z& ftlesa nkg vFkkZr~ ÁToYku ;k ifjikd fØ;k g¨ mls d¨"B dgrs gSaA

ifjÒk"kk& vk;qosZn esa egklz¨rl vFkkZr~ xY¨ ls xqn i;ZUr Òkx d¨ d¨"B dgk x;k gSA

d¨"B 'kCn dh O;k[;k& vk;qosZn esa d¨"B fu:i.k viuk fo'¨"k egRo j[krk gSA vkB vo;o¨a ¼vk'k;¨a½ d¨ ,d txg feYkkdj mudh d¨"B laKk nh xbZ gSA lqJqr ds vuqlkj&

LFkkukU;kekfXuiDokuka ew«kL; #f/kjL; pA

ânq.Mqd% Q¶Qql'p d¨"B bR;fÒ/kh;rsAA lq0fp0 2@12

vFkkZr~ vkek'k;] vXU;k'k;] iDok'k;] ew«kk'k;] :f/kjk'k;] ân;] m.Mqd v©j Q¶Qql bud¨ d¨"B uke ls dgk x;k gSA

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egklz¨rl% pjd ds vuqlkj
d¨"B% iqu#P;rs egklz¨r% 'kjhje/; ^^egkfuEuekeiDok'k;'psfr------ ¼p0lw«k 11@48½
vFkkZr~ egklz¨r 'kjhj dk e/;e Òkx] egkfuEu vkek'k; v©j iDok'k; gSA mUgsa d¨"B Òh dgrs gSaA
vkeiDok'k;kJ;% ¼v0â0lw0 12@46½
blh dh O;k[;k esa ia0 nke¨nj 'kekZ x©M+ us vius ^^vfÒuoa 'kkjhje~** esa fYk[kk gS&
d¨"Binsu p mnj¨jl¨ xqgs véogk[;a egklz¨r'p ifjx`árs**
mij¨ä d¨"B fooj.k ls ;gÈ Kkr g¨rk gS fd 'kjhj ds vodk'k ¼fjä½ ;g d¨"B uke ls crk;s x;s gSaA vk/kqfud n`f"V ls Abdominal, Pelvic rFkk Thoracic Cavities d¨ d¨"B dgk tkrk gSA vk;qosZn ds egklzksr 'kCn ls ,d 'kjhj esa xyfooj ls xqnki;ZUr (Alimentary Canal) yEcs lzksr dk fd;k tkrk gSA ;g lzksr rhu Hkkxksa esa foHkDr gSA

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(B) dks"Bkax ifjHkk"kk

dks"B esa fLFkr vo;oksa dks dks"Bkax dgrs gSaA
o{k xqgk (Thoracic Cavity), mnj xqgk (Abdominal Cavity) vkSj Jksf.kxqgk (Pelvic Cavity) esa fLFkr jgus okys vaxksa dks dks"Bkax dgrs gSaA

vkpk;Z pjd ds vuqlkj& 15
vkpk;Z lqJqr ds vuqlkj& 8

(D) dks"Bkaxksa ds uke

vkpk;Z pjd ds vuqlkj& ^^iapn'k dks"Bkaxkfu r|Fkk&
ukfHk'p] ân;ap] DYk¨e p] ;Ñr p] IYkhgk p] o`Dd© p] cfLr p] iqjh"kk/kkj'p] vkek'k;'p] iDok'k;'p] mÙkjxqna p] v/kjxqna p] {kqækU«ka p] LFkwYkkU«ka p] oikogua psfrA** ¼p-'kk- 7@10½

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1-	ukfÒ&	Umbilicus	9-	vkek'k;&	Stomach
2-	ân;&	Heart	10-	iDok'k;&	Intestine
3-	DYk¨e&	Pancreas	11-	mÙkjxqn&	Rectum
4-	;Ñr&	Liver	12-	v/kjxqn&	Anus
5-	IYkhgk&	Spleen	13-	{kqækU«k&	Small Intestine
6-	o`Dd©&	Kidneys	14-	LFkwYkkU«k&	Large Intestine
7-	ofLr&	Urinary Bladder	15-	oikogu&	Omentum
8-	iqjh"kk/kkj&	Caecum

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vkpk;Z lqJqr ds vuqlkj
LFkkukU;kekfXu iDokuka ew«kL; #f/kjL; pA
ânq.Mqd% Qq¶Qql'p d¨"B bR;fÒ/kh;rsAA

¼lq-fp- 2@12½

1-	vkek'k;&	Stomach	5-	jäk'k;&	Liver and spleen
2-	vXU;k'k;&	Pancreas	6-	ân;&	Heart
3-	iDok'k;&	Intestine	7-	m.Mqd&	Caecum
4-	e`«kk'k;&	Urinary Bladder	8-	Qq¶Qql&	Lungs

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1- lxHkkZ'k;&

egkxÒkZ'k;& ftlesa 'kwU; LFkku vf/kd g¨A tSls& vkek'k;] ew«kk'k; vkfn
vYi xÒkZ'k;& ftlesa 'kwU; LFkku vYi g¨A tSls& o`Dd] efLr"d vkfnA
2- vxÒkZ'k;& ftlesa 'kwU; LFkku u g¨A tSls& ;Ñr] IYkhgk vkfn B¨l vo;oA
1- mj% Áns'k ;k mj% xqgk ;k o{kxqgk ds d¨"Bkax¨a dk o.kZu ¼Thoracic Cavity½
1- ân;& Heart 2- Qq¶Qql& Lungs

1- ân;

1- â& gjfr& iwjs 'kjhj ls jä Y¨rk gSA
n& nnkfr& jä d¨ okil nsrk gSA
;& ;PNfr& jä esa xfr g¨rh gSA

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2- mRifÙk&
^^'k¨f.kr dQÁlknta ân;a] ;nkJ;k fg /keU;% Ák.kogk%] rL;k/k¨ oker% IYkhgk Qq¶Qql'p] nf{k.kr¨ ;Ñr~ DYk¨e p( rf}'¨"¨.k psrukLFkkue~A
^^vrLrfLeLrelk··o`rs loZÁkf.ku% LoifUrAA** ¼lq-'kk- 4@30½
jä v©j dQ ds Álkn :i Òkx¨a ls ân; dh fufeZfr g¨rh gSA ftlds vk/kkj ij Ák.kogk /kefu;k¡ jgrh gSaA mlds uhps ck¡bZ v¨j IYkhgk ¼Spleen½ v©j Qq¶Qql ¼Lungs½ gSaA nf{k.k v¨j ;Ñr~ ¼Liver½ v©j DYk¨e ¼Gall bladder½ gSaA
ân; ;g fo'¨"k djds psruk dk LFkku gSA blfYk, re ls tc ân; vkPNkfnr g¨rk gS] r¨ lc Ák.kh l¨ tkrs gSaA

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3- ân; dk Lo:i&

iq.Mjhds.k ln`'ka L;kn/k¨eq[ke~A

tkxzrLr f}dlfr Loir'p fuehYkfrAA ¼lq-'kk- 4@31½

v/k¨eq[k deYk ds leku ân; g¨rk gS] tkx:d euq"; dk ân; fodflr jgrk gSA rFkk fufær euq"; dk ân; ladqfpr g¨ tkrk gSA
egk/keuh ls Ykxk gqvk ân; ns[kus esa ,slk gh Ykxrk gSA ml Conica/organ Apex uhps gS v©j Base Åij gSA

4- ^^ân;a psrukLFkkue~A** ¼lq-'kk- 4@30½

Ákf.kek«k esa ân; gh muds 'kjhj esa fLFkr psruk dk LFkku gSA

5- ^^lRokfn/kke ân;a Lru¨j% d¨"Be/;xe~A** ¼v-g-'kk- 4@13½

lRo vkfn xq.k¨a dk vkJ; t¨ ân; gS] og mj% xqgk esa n¨u¨a Lru¨a ds e/; esa jgrk gSA

6- ^^âfn Ák.¨%A**

ân; esa Ák.k ok;q dk LFkku gSA

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2- Qq¶Qql

^^'k¨f.kr Qsu ÁÒo% Qq¶QqlA** ¼lq-'kk- 4@25½

jä ds Qsu ls Qq¶Qql dh mRifÙk gqbZ gSA

2- mnj Áns'k ;k mnj xqgk ds d¨"Bkax¨a dk o.kZu ¼Abdominal cavity½

1-	ukfHk&	Umbilicus	8-	vkek'k;&	Stomach
2-	Dykse&	Pancreas	9-	iDok'k;&	Intestine
3-	;d`r&	Liver	10-	mÙkjxqn&	Rectum
4-	Iyhgk&	Spleen	11-	v/kjxqn&	Anal canal and anus
5-	o`DdkS&	Kidneys	12-	{kqækU«k&	Small intestine
6-	ofLr&	Urinary bladder	13-	LFkwYkkU«k&	Large intestine
7-	iqjh"kk/kkj&	Caecum	14-	oikogu&	Omentum

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jäog laLFkku ¼ân;&Heart½ dk jpukRed o.kZu
4- eq[k ls xqn ¼Mouth to anus½ i;ZUr ikpu vo;o¨a dk jpukRed o.kZu ¼Digestive system or alimentary canal½

1- eq[kxqgk& Mouth cavity of oral cavity 3- xzkluyh& Oesophagus

2- xzluh& Pharynx 4- vkek'k;& Stomach

5- {kqnzkU=& Small intestine

1- xzg.kh&Duodenum 2- e/;kU=& Jejunum

3- 'ks"kkU=& Ileum

6- o`gnka=& Large intestine

1- m.Mqd ¼iqjh"kk/kkj½& Caecum

2- m.Mqd iqPN ;k vka«k iqPN& Vermiform appendix

3- vka«k & Colon 1- vkj¨gh o`gnka«k& Ascending colon

2- vuqÁLFk o`gnka«k& Transverse colon

3- voj¨gh o`gnka«k& Descending colon

4- J¨.kh o`gnka«k ;k voxzg o`gnka«k Sigmoid colon or pelvic colon

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7- eYkk'k;& Rectum
8- xqn ukYk& Anal canal
9- xqn& Anus
1- ;Ñr& Liver
2- ;Ñr ds milxÊ midj.k& Excretory apparatus or extra-hepatic biliary apparatus
1- nf{k.k ,oa oke ;Ñr okfguh& Rt. and lt. hepatic ducts
2- lkekU; ;Ñr okfguh& Common hepatic duct
3- fiÙkk'k;& Gall bladder
4- fiÙkk'k; okfguh& Cystic duct
5- fir okfguh& Bile duct
3- vXU;k'k;& Pancreas
4- IYkhgk& Spleen

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vkek'k; ¼Stomach½&

1- ^^vkekuke~ vékuke~ vk'k;% bfr vkek'k;%A**

t¨ vke vé vFkkZr~ v/kids vé ¼Semidigested food½ dk vk/kkj gS] og vkek'k; dgYkkrk gSA

2- ^^ukfÒLrukarjs vkek'k;%A**

ukfÒ v©j Lru¨a ds chp vkek'k; d LFkku gSA vFkkZr~ ukfÒ v©j ân; ds chp {k; dk LFkku gSA
3- Dysnd dQ dk LFkku gSA

vkU«k ¼Intestine½

lafgrk xzUFk¨a esa iq#"k 'kjhj esa 3 1@2 O;ke rFkk óh 'kjhj esa 3 O;ke {kqækU«k dh YkEckbZ crkbZ gSA

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xzg.kh ¼Duodenum½

^^vfXu vf/k"Bkue~ véL; xzg.kkr~ xzg.kh erkA** ¼p-fp-½
vfXu dk LFkku g¨us ls xzg.kh vé d¨ xzg.k djrh gS] mldk ikpu djrh gSA blh ls bls xzg.kh dgk tkrk gSA
Òxoku /kUoUrfj us bls fiÙk/kjk dYkk dgk gSA

;Ñr& ¼Liver½

1- ^^xÒZL; ;Ñr IYkhgku© 'k¨f.krt©A** ¼lq-'kk- 4@25½
xÒZ ds ;Ñr v©j IYkhgk jä ls fufeZr g¨rs gSaA
2- ;Ñr ân; ds nf{k.k dh v¨j v/k% Áns'k esa fLFkr gSA
3- ;Ñr d¨ jäk'k; dgrs gSaA
4- ;Ñr d¨ jäog lz¨rl~ dk ewYk LFkku ekuk x;k gSA

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IYkhgk& ¼Spleen½
2- ;Ñr ân; ds nf{k.k dh v¨j v/k% Áns'k esa fLFkr gSA
3- ;Ñr d¨ jäk'k; dgrs gSaA
4- ;Ñr d¨ jäog lz¨rl~ dk ewYk LFkku ekuk x;k gSA
5- 'olu laLFkku ¼'okl&Á'okl½ ds vo;o¨a dk jpukRed o.kZu ¼Respiratory system½
1- uklkxqgk& Nasal cavity
2- xzluh& Pharynx
3- Loj;U=& Larynx

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4- 'okl iz.kkyh& Trachea

5- nf{k.k ,oa oke eq[; 'oluh& Rt. and lt. principal bronchus

6- 'olfudk& Broncholes

7- Qq¶Qql& Lungs

6- ew«kog laLFkku ds vo;o¨a dk o.kZu ¼Urinar½

2- eohfu;k¡&Ureters 5- óh ew«k ekxZ& Female urethra

3- ew«kk'k; ;k ofLr& Urinary bladder

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o`DdkS&¼Kidneys½

ew«kk'k; ¼Urinary Bladder½

;g J¨f.k xqgk esa fLFkr gSA
l|% Ák.kgj eeZ gSA
;g Ák.kk;ru gSA

/kkrq lEcU/k&

jä
esn& esn {k;ke/;s IYkhgk o`f) g¨rk gSA

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lz¨rl lEcU/k&

dk;Z&

ikd ds ckn jl ;Ñr IYkhgk esa vkdj buesa jgus okY¨ jatd fiÙk ds }kjk jaftr g¨dj jä deZ dk g¨ tkrk gSA

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o`Dd&

pjd o okXÒV us o`Dd¨a dk mYY¨[k d¨"Bkax¨a ds e/; fd;k gSA

la[;k&2 ¼nf{k.k] oke½

lz¨rl dk lEcU/k&

en¨ og lz¨rl dk ewYk dVh o o`Dd gSA