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刺猬与狐狸：�社会科学学科与区域国别研究的张力与融合

王昭晖

国际关系学院/南洋研究院

厦门大学

2022年7月7日

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看图说话

一、引言
二、社会科学学科
三、区域国别研究
四、二者的张力与融合
五、一个例子
六、结语

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一、引言

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二、社会科学学科

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Rethinking social sciences: Marx and Weber’s centrality

Politics

(state)

Sociology

(society)

Economics

(market)

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三、区域国别研究

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区域国别研究何以成“区域国别学”？

何为“学（科）”（discipline）？

- concepts, theories, methods with (some degree of) generalizability

- ontology, epistemology, and methodology

社会科学学科先来，区域国别研究后到。
从学理上来说，“区域国别学”似乎并无必要
从实践上来说，“区域国别学”似乎有合理性
（冷眼旁观权力与知识的互动）

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杠精发问：历史研究何以成“历史学”？

历史研究似乎也是一锅乱炖
但是，历史研究先来，各种学科后到。（修昔底德和苏格拉底是同时代人呢）
历史无所不在，历史研究几乎可以和所有的“学科”联姻
因此，下面这些东西，历史研究也都有，大概可成“历史学”

- concepts, theories, methods with (some degree of) generalizability

- ontology, epistemology, and methodology

（请原谅我的傲慢与偏见：“大锅乱炖不是学”）

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四、二者的张力与融合

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五、一个例子

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Zhaohui Wang and Yuheng Fu, “Local politics and fluctuating engagement with China: Analysing the Belt and Road Initiative in Maritime Southeast Asia”, The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2022, 15(2), 163-182.

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative

Perception

Decision making

Policy implementation

Leader images

Domestic institutions

State-society relations

International outcomes

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A conceptual typology of foreign policy making

		Foreign policy making is insulated from or responsive to political oppositions and societal influences
		Insulated	Responsive
Foreign policy making is a personalized or an institutionalized process	Personalized	Arbitrary type	Populist type
	Institutionalized	Procedural type	Democratic type

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An explanatory typology of socio-political risks on BRI projects

		Foreign policy making is insulated from or responsive to political oppositions and societal influences
		Insulated	Responsive
Foreign policy making is a personalized or an institutionalized process	Personalized	Medium-level	High-level
	Institutionalized	Low-level	Medium-level

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From idea types to empirical cases

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Main findings

			Foreign policy making is insulated from or responsive to political oppositions and societal influences
		Insulated	Responsive
Foreign policy making is a personalized or institutionalized process	Personalized	Medium level of political risks on BRI projects in Malaysia	Relatively high level of socio-political risks on BRI projects in Philippines
	Institutionalized	Relatively low level of risks on Singapore-China BRI cooperation	Medium level of societal risks on BRI projects in Indonesia

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