Ayo?

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Final Research Analysis

Ruby Gates

My Text

Molly’s interaction with her laundry (represented by a description given during an interview with Molly’s daughter, Laura)

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Research Question(s)

How do residents of memory care facilities construct a feeling of home (in a place that is not home)?

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How do memory care facilities fail to manufacture a feeling of home?

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Salient Features

Pragmatics: where, when, why, how Molly interacts with her laundry.

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Materiality: Molly is interacting with physical items that are touched, worn, folded, washed etc.

Quotations

• “These objects are not consciously selected ‘containers of memory’ that must be preserved as a lasting symbol, displayed or safeguarded in a protected space, but they are utilitarian items that acquire mnemonic function over time” (Marschall 2019: 65)
• “...the experience of migration [is] associated [with the] sense of loss and need for comfort,” (Marschall 2019: 268).
• “Home is always a localizable idea. Home is located in space but it is not necessarily a fixed space. It does not need bricks and mortar, it can be a wagon, a caravan, a board, or a tent. It need not be a large space, but space there must be, for home starts by bringing some space under control” (Douglas 1991: 289).

Argument

Residents of memory care facilities can construct feelings of home via habitual and continuous interaction with their personal items.

Cycling, Space, and Class Performance

Tully Jones-Wilkins

Framing Quotation

“Vélomobility refers to the assemblage of rider, machine[bicycle], and space and the systemic relations of society, economy, polity and history within which they are performed” (Cox 2019; 27).

Cycling Space

Class performance

Bicycles as Texts

Angles of approach towards a Lacuna

Assemblage of space constructed on the saddle

Hipster? Liberal? Environmentally conscious? Exclusive?

Materiality, Form, and Pragmatics

Research Question

How do individuals’ bikes, including brand, frame material, aesthetic style, and components, negotiate and constitute the construction of riding space. Moreover, how does this assembled riding space represent and reproduce class distinctions within cycling subcultures.

“The presence of LANL has profoundly reshaped the Hispano landscape, ushering in an epochal transition from local autonomy and sustainability to dependence on the state. LANL is now the largest employer of Hispano valley residents; Española’s Super Walmart is the second. A report by the Rio Arriba Department of Health and Human services (2000) also considers LANL a contributing factor to the region’s declining cultural integrity and worsening heroin problem. Some locals describe Los Alamos as ‘una herida,’ a wound.”

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Garcia, Angela. The Pastoral Clinic: Addiction and Dispossession along the Rio Grande (pp. 96-97)

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Census Statistics

Poem by Beata Tsosie-Peña

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• Centers for Disease Control report on health risks
• Quantitative assessment of historical harm

How I understand the LAHDRA Report:

• A way to corroborate anecdotal evidence of “nuclear colonialism”
• A way to seek reparations through official channels
• A marker of different ways of knowledge production/cosmologies, and contested historical truths.

Argument

“Tsosie-Peña’s poem, despite being embedded in the document itself, resists and subverts the entire framework that LAHDRA is predicated on: the presupposition that truth can be ascertained only by quantitative—and necessarily bureaucratic—means.”

• Inadequacy of government restitution
• Quantitative truth as the only acceptable truth
• Refusal to engage
• Language
• Procedure
• Contradiction
• Intent and truth obscured by bureaucracy

Zootopia

Police Messaging in Children’s Media

Method Source

Sandlin, J., & Snaza, N. 2018. “It’s Called a Hustle, Sweetheart”: Black Lives Matter, the Police State, and the Politics of Colonizing Anger in Zootopia.” The Journal of Popular Culture., 51(5), 1190–1213. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpcu.12714

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• “Sanitized past and a sterilized cultural present” (Sandlin and Snaza 2018)
• Media can be used to reconstruct history and represent “a sanitized past, a sterilized cultural present, and a utopian future… that help audiences escape from tension and conflict, particularly around issues of race” (Sandlin and Snaza 2018).
• Animated kid's TV shows and movies use “intensely affective components such as bright colors, skillful animation, and lively music, thus helping to cement happy feelings of pleasure with historically inaccurate and sanitized versions of race relations” (Sandlin and Snaza 2018).

Salient Features / Reproductions

Content: Bunny, Judy Hopps, struggles to fit into the police force as tensions build between predators and prey.

Form: animated, full length movie (1 hour and 49 minutes), comedy

Metapragmatics: allegory for race (prey vs. predator), the role of police and the police state

Research Methods

Two forms of textual analysis:

• Quantitative analysis: coding corpus text for pro and anti-police messaging
• Critical analysis: form, broader themes and messages, and metapragmatics

Codes for Police-Relevant Themes

Table 1 Pro-Police-Relevant Themes Coded Table 1 Anti-Police-Relevant Themes Coded

Argument

Research Question: If and how do depictions of police as safe figures of authority in children’s media serve to reinforce and hide racialized policing in the United States?

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By including an allegory for racial tension that is subsequently resolved without real systemic change, centering a helpful and trustworthy police officer as the main character, ignoring systemic discrimination, and suggesting that state violence is the result of a ‘few bad apples’ (in this case, Assistant Mayor Bellwether) the movie serves to reinforce and hide racialized policing.

Citations

Gramlich, Jake Post. 2021. “Are Police Obsolete in Minneapolis? Racial Capitalism and Police Abolition.” Social Science Quarterly 102, no. 7: 3149–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.13089

Harriger, Jennifer A., Madeline R. Wick, Himja Trivedi, and Kaitlin E. Callahan. 2021.“Strong Hero or Violent Playboy? Portrayals of Masculinity in Children’s Animated Movies.” Sex Roles 85 (11/12): 677–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-021-01247-0

Sandlin, J., & Snaza, N. 2018. “It’s Called a Hustle, Sweetheart”: Black Lives Matter, the Police State, and the Politics of Colonizing Anger in Zootopia.” The Journal of Popular Culture., 51(5), 1190–1213. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpcu.12714

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Selective Solidarity:

Legitimizing racial difference in Germany through the Temporary Protection Directive

Alexandra Flory

Theory Inspiration

“If part of the ‘work of policy’ is to classify and organize people and ideas in new ways, then it becomes easy to understand why policies can be such powerful vehicles for social change. Policies can serve as instruments for consolidating the legitimacy of an existing social order or they can provide the rationale for ‘regime change’ and the subversion of an established order” (Però, Shore and Wright 2011, 3).

My argument

I argue that the differential treatment of forcefully displaced people in Germany stems from policies in the asylum seeking process that create a white, European solidarity in ways that exclude Middle Eastern asylum seekers from recognition as “legitimate” and racializes them as an “Other.”

The Temporary Protection Directive

“The preparation of a common policy on asylum, including common European arrangements for asylum, is a constituent part of the European Union's objective of establishing progressively an area of freedom, security and justice open to those who, forced by circumstances, legitimately seek protection in the European Union.” (European Commission, Temporary Protection Directive, emphasis added)

Solidarity in the TPD

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Figure 1. Paragraphs 7 and 20 of the Temporary Protection Directive Figure 2. Chapter VI of the Temporary Protection Directive

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References

European Commission, Temporary Protection Directive, Tampere: European Union, 7

August 2001.

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Shore, Cris, Susan Wright, and Davide Però. 2011. Policy Worlds: Anthropology and

the Analysis of Contemporary Power. Germany: Berghahn Books.

Names as Tools of Identity

Ash Garr

“Names themselves carry an enormous amount of weight in marking a person’s sense of identity.”

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“To choose one’s own name…is a political act that declares selfhood.”

• Isabel Flower and Marcel Rosa-Salas, 2017

“Naming is a speech act, shaping the life course and the person involved. Names, in other words, both personify and embody.”

• Gisli Palsson, 2014

Email

• Navigating different names for different uses
• School email uses of preferred versus assigned names shaky at best
• “They’ll sometimes put your full legal name at the top and then use your chosen name in the text which is interesting. It feels unnecessary and strange. Off-putting.”
• “When somebody sends an email to me they know they’re sending it to me, they're not getting my deadname from anything and they know who to write a response to.”

Moodle

• Usually chosen name but not always
• “I did the form but that didn’t change the name on Moodle and I feel really annoyed and kind of disrespected when my birth name is all over Moodle for everyone to see, like every time I do a forum response.”
• “My name is changed in Moodle, and that does feel a little bit like the bare minimum.”

Assignments

• Variety of responses
• “I usually just give my birth name ’cause it’s easier to explain.”
• “My chosen name because I am myself here.”
• “That’s the name I go by and that’s the name people know me by.”

Students utilized different names in different circumstances, and used their names as semiotic tools to resist or comply with external assumptions about their gender identities.

Surprising Findings

• Ambivalent or negative feelings towards names in general
• “Names are stupid.”
• “Names are weird.”
• “I don’t really like having a name.”

References

Flower, Isabel, and Marcel Rosa-Salas. 2017. “Say My Name: Nameplate Jewelry and the Politics of Taste.” QED: A Journal in GLBTQ Worldmaking 4 (3): 109–26.

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Palsson, Gisli. 2014. “Personal Names: Embodiment, Differentiation, Exclusion, and Belonging.” Science, Technology, & Human Values 39 (4): 618-630. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43671189.

Laptops & the Reproduction of Class in Language Learning Environments

Annie Paulsen

Inspiration:

• Originally wanted to look at the means for learning a non-spoken language
• Interview inspired me to look into the usage of technology in a language learning setting

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Standard portable laptop

• Form → portable, lightweight, fast, efficient
• Materiality → Cost ranges from $999-$1599
• Content → expresses social status/privilege

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Framing quote:

“The preference for peer-based activities goes with a greater awareness of a participating audience that affirms one’s performance, fills in the gaps, and helps construct an emerging account” (Collins, 1988).

References

Collins, James. “Language and Class in Minority Education.” Anthropology & amp; Education Quarterly 19, no. 4 (1988): 299–326. https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.1988.19.4.05x0914d.

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SUITS CONSTRUCT IDENTITY

The Forensics community’s relationship with dress code

Guiding Quotations

“[Identities are] Radically different at different times… in relations to differences in clothing”

“A codified knowledge of aesthetics as quantifiable is itself a cipher of power”

Miller, 2010, 40

Flower, 2017, 111

How do suits construct identity and reinforce social hierarchies?

Suits connect students to a competitive identity

Seam ripping, buttoning, taking off blazer

Pragmatics

Cut of blazer, undershirts

Form

Vintage suits, passed down through teammates

Materiality

Scientology and the Role of Language in Collective Identity Formation

Meilin Beloney

Quotation

Identity assertion: “the valorization and promotion of group understandings that assert ‘different standards’ of behavior… [promoting] a new language to describe and challenge the deleterious effects of existent social reality” (Reed and Pitcher 2015, 480).

The Emotional Tone Scale

Salient features

• Insider language (words we would not usually associate with emotions): promoting a new language to describe emotions and behaviors
• Pragmatic implications: supposed to be as close to Tone 40 as possible, asserting different standards of behavior
• Greater numerical value = more positive connotation
• Happier images toward the top

Argument

By providing Scientologists with a unique language with which to describe emotions, as well as promoting behavioral standards that differ from dominant society’s, the Emotional Tone Scale acts as a tool of identity assertion, and creates and reinforces a collective identity among the Church of Scientology.

Conspiracy Theorist Relationships to Academia

Gina Kennedy

Epistemological Communities:

An epistemological community is a community that “construct[s] and share[s] a body of knowledge and certain ‘standards of evidence’...such knowledge and standards are not simply validated but also constructed socially” (Kessing 2020, 726)

Conspiracy theorists form an epistemological community which is characterized by non-normative forms of sensemaking that places importance on knowledge gained through experience.

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Conspiracy theorists form epistemological communities with a particular social construction of knowledge, and this community and understanding of truth both resists and reinforces scientific worldviews.

Argument

Quote from “You’re a Monkey on a Pear Earth | Christopher Green.”

“What if the authorities were wrong? What if their agenda was to control you, to make you believe you’re insignificant?…

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They didn’t know anything. They know absolutely nothing. They’ve dumbed down the American people to such a degree that they can’t think for themselves. They’re not thinking clearly, and they’re not truly understanding their current reality”

Bibliography

Kessing, Malene L. 2020. "'It Is a Different World in Here': Collective Identification and Shared Experiential Knowledge between Psychiatric Inpatients." Sociology of Health & Illness 42, no. 4: 724-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13053.

"You're a Monkey on a Pear Earth | Christopher Green." 2022. Video. YouTube. Posted by Dcforce, June 24, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SYrTi33FO4.

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How Tattoos Construct Agency & Identity

Soni Blair

How can pain, in the context of constructing one’s identity through tattoos, allow for bodily agency to be exercised?

Framing Quotes

• “Tattoos, regardless of their origin, serve as symbols of that individual’s life history. Whether it was an impulsive decision, or whether the person meticulously planned the tattoo for months…the tattoo still holds a story of which the wearer is aware, and will hold as an aspect of their identity for the rest of their lives…” (Garcia-Merritt 2014, 45)
• “A sense of domination is created as the gun becomes a material reminder that control of the self’s body and ultimately, the self’s identity, is a process set in motion through a transformation allowed only by the one who seeks that transformation” (Modesti 2008, 206).

Corpus

Fig. 1

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 2.1

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Figure 1 and 1.1

• Rohana is a young chef living in Gozo, Malta

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• “As a student, I was very fascinated by evolutionary biology”

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• Chose a portrait of Bertrand Russell (teapot theory), another theorist (unfortunately did not record that data) and Bobby Henderson’s Spaghetti Monster

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• Rohana had such a personal tie to these figures that he chose them as his first tattoos

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• By choosing to perform “...an aspect of [his] identity for the rest of [his life]...” Rohana is exercising bodily agency to choose and perform this aspect of self which has been materialized in the form of a tattoo

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Figure 2 and 2.1

• I got this tattoo at the end of my month-long research in Gozo, Malta

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• It is commemorating a night with new friends; three people are dancing under the stars while their heads are fireworks

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• My personal tie to this night and to this memory of working with the artist for weeks inspired me to construct my identity in a materialized form

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• By choosing to perform “...an aspect of [my] identity for the rest of [my life]...” I am exercising bodily agency in that I had the freedom to choose what to put on my body, where to put it, and why I got it.

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Figure 3

• The tools used to materialize this art cause pain

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• Choosing to put one’s self in that position of enduring pain to achieve this materialization of the self is exercising agency

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• “...the tattooee realizes that she ultimately has control over this gun, as it is within her power and discretion to control when, where, and how this gun interacts with her body…Instead of being used for threatening purposes, the gun becomes an instrument of artistic expression…This creates a role reversal for the tattooee that turns a potentially frightening and encumbering situation into one of control and agency” (Modesti 2008, 206).

Tattoos–and the tools used to create the art–allow individuals to exercise their bodily agency as they construct their own identity in a material and permanent way.

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Bibliography

Sources

Garcia-Merritt, Gabriel. 2014. Inked lives: Tattoos, Identity and power. Iowa State University Anthropology Thesis. https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/1d1cef20-ef46-4e43-bcf1-ffd8a7a0dc48/content

Modesti, Sonja. 2008. Home Sweet Home: Tattoo Parlors as Postmodern Spaces of Agency. Western Journal of Communication, Vol. 72 (3), pp. 197-212. https://doi.org/10.1191/0967550705ab021oa

Interview

Rohana. 2023. Interview. By Soni Blair. June 16, 2023.

Photos

All photos and videos taken by me in June of 2023

Thank you!

:Transgressing the border through music

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By: Frankie Cloete

SOAN Source

“the border is a historical and metaphorical site, un sitio ocupado, an occupied borderland where single artists and collaborating groups transform space, and the two home territories, Mexico and the United States, become one” (Anzaldúa 2009, 184).

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Figure 1. (Key Text)

https://fandangowall.com/film/

• Son jarocho is,“A 200-year-old folk music from Veracruz, Mexico which combines Indigenous, Spanish, and African traditions” and then the definition of fandango is “A gathering of song and dance in the Son jarocho tradition” (Bar-kar 2020, 1:32:30).
• Ramón Gutierrez, a talented requinto player in the documentary and in the culminating performance says that Son jarocho is a type of jazz to him, it’s improvisational, it tells a story, it is very deep, “es una música que nace de corazón” (Bar-kar 2020,1:06:15)

Figure 2.

Stanford Live - Stanford University

Fandango at the Wall | Stanford Live

• Fandango at the Wall is tearing down three types of walls: including “physical walls,” “musical walls”, and “recording walls” (Tiger Turn, “Fandango at the Wall”).
• The wall is a key piece to this performance both in how it resists and reinforces the physicality that the wall presents.

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Research Question

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How is this performance simultaneously reproducing community while also reinforcing and resisting the blatant physical separation demonstrated by the wall?

Central Argument

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The performance transgresses this historical division and creates a space of collaborative art making and musicking that transcends the physical binary emulated by the wall.

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Sources

Anzaldua, Gloria. 2009. “Part Two: ‘Middle Writings’ “. In The Gloria Anzaldúa Reader, edited by AnaLouise Keating, 95-217. Durham: Duke University Press.

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Bar-Kar, Varda, director, Fandango at the Wall. Tiger Turn productions, 2020. 92 minutes. https://play.max.com/movie/63c210c7-1b6a-4421-9e41-da6906f5b8a2

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Fandango at the Wall. 2023. “Fandango at the Wall: Bringing the United States & Mexico Together”. https://fandangowall.com/.

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Research analysis of swing

What is swing?

By- Cooper Kroll

Research question

How is the sublime experience of swing produced and enabled by cultural techniques?

Salient features

Content- Illustrations of rowing motion and jargon

Form- There is literal form of idealized rowing being portrayed, as well as imagery of an ambiguous body in a cyclical motion

Pragmatics- Useful for the teaching of these techniques

Sensory anthropology

“The presence of a given kind of behavior is the result of a sequence of social experiences during which the person acquires a conception of the meaning of the behavior, and perceptions and judgments of objects and situations, all of which make the activity possible and desire.” (Becker 1953, 235)

Argument:

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Sublime experiences of swing are produced by and detached from cultural techniques

Maternal Care Desert Representations;

State and Identity

Cass Dellis

Background

• "[County] without a hospital or birth center offering obstetric care and without any obstetric providers."
• (March of Dimes, 2023)
• Representations of maternal care deserts in the media
• Inequitable outcomes depending on the identities of the pregnant persons affected.

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Literature

"Reproductive justice maintains that people should be able to have the number of children they want, when they want, in the way they want to have them." (Ross and Solinger, 2017)

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• Reproductive injustice
• Stratified reproduction (Ginsburg)
• Role of the state

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"Medicaid's tenacious management of pregnancy performs a confession … that capitalism and the poverty it creates allow common and curable ailments in the poor body to go unnoticed" (Bridges, 2011)

Content Analysis

(Stolberg, 2023)

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(Rabin, 2023)

Bibliography

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Bridges, Khiara M. 2011. Reproducing Race: An Ethnography of Pregnancy as a Site of Racialization. Berkeley: University of California Press.

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Rabin, Roni Caryn. 2023. “Rural Hospitals Are Shuttering Their Maternity Units.” The New York Times.

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Ross, Loretta, and Rickie Solinger. 2017. Reproductive Justice; an Introduction. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

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Rylko-Bauer, Barbara, and Paul Farmer. 2002. “Managed Care or Managed Inequality? A Call for Critiques of Market-Based Medicine.” Medical Anthropology Quarterly 16 (4): 476–502. doi:10.1525/maq.2002.16.4.476.

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Stolberg, Sheryl Gay. 2023. “As Abortion Laws Drive Obstetricians From Red States, Maternity Care Suffers.” The New York Times, September 6, sec. U.S.

Final Research Analysis: Youth Climate Activism

Kate Spaulding

My Texts

What I Found

• Youth-led, non-violent climate justice organizations like Extinction Rebellion Youth United States build and rely on community
• “In the context of social movements, collective identity refers to the shared sense of we-ness derived from shared beliefs and emotions among a group pursuing social and political change” (Mei 2021)

My Research Question

How do youth-led, non-violent climate justice organizations affect the communities around them?

Sources!

Haugestad, Christian A.P., Skauge, Jonas R. Kunst, and Séamus A. Power. 2021. “Why Do Youth Participate in Climate Activism? A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the #FridaysForFuture Climate Protests.” ScienceDirect 76 (August). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101647.

Hilder, Cecilia, and Philippa Collin. 2022. “The Role of Youth-Led Activist Organisations for Contemporary Climate Activism: The Case of the Australian Youth Climate Coalition.” Taylor and Francis Online, March. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2022.2054691.

Mei, Emily. 2021. “Youth-Led Social Identity And Movements: A Case Study of Youth Activism in Hong Kong.” Aleph. https://doi.org/10.5070/L618154799.

Trott, Carlie D. 2021. “Youth-Led Climate Change Action: Multi-Level Effects on Children, Families, and Communities.” MPDI Sustainability, November. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212355.

BATHROOM STALL GRAFFITI

community as renegotiation

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–Sofia Cervantes

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My primary research question: How do anonymous writings in Watzek library bathroom stalls legitimate community and challenge institutional norms?

“From both strategic and tactical perspectives, the wall is an object that constitutively calls into play the interweaving of space and social relations… They manage space, command attention, and define mobility fluxes that impose conduct, but they are also constantly challenged because of the meaning they assume: They can be reassuring as well as oppressive, they can be irritating as well as inspiring…

Tactically speaking, the most remarkable fact is that the wall offers a visible surface, which becomes a surface of inscription for stratified, crisscrossing, and overlapping traces. Such traces are highly visible interventions that define a type of social interaction at a distance.” (Brighenti, 2010, p. 9)

Lewis & Clark students negotiating claims to space and navigating sociality in the Watzek library through the ongoing production of graffiti in bathroom stalls

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I would like to investigate what these writings and drawings tell us about the environment they are found in, and how they connect back to the people that write them

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I am curious about the experiences of students living on campus, navigating between the demands of personal, academic, and social success. The writings I have encountered so far tend to touch on these ideas and the tensions that arise in attempts to maneuver between these realms. I want to explore the ways in which the anonymous forum generated in bathroom stalls support community among students and resist structural norms that limit student agency.�

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(Figure 1: “this was once…”)

The text reads:

“THIS ONCE WAS A LOVELY WALL OF WRITINGS DOCUMENTING SILLY THOUGHTS, POOP JOKES, ALL NIGHTERS, & DOODLES.

LC HATES FUN AND WASHED MOST OF IT AWAY.

WHY NOT HELP BUILD IT UP AGAIN (UNTIL IT'S SCRUBBED OFF ONCE MORE?)

I LOVE YOU. I THINK WE ARE VALUABLE AND FUN AND INVENTIVE.

HOPE YOU HAVE A GREAT PISS OR SHIT OR CRY IN HERE.”

(Figure 2: “hang in there”)

salient features argument

– content

By commemorating the lost sentiments and by urging students to further this tradition (“why not help build it up again?”), the writer is reaffirming value and validity to the expressions. As Brighenti displays, the graffiti becomes a means to transform the wall from “oppressive” to “inspiring.”

– materiality

“the more permanent a message is made, the greater its statement of a certain type of institutional power” (Campbell et al., 2021)

– pragmatics

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By marking the wall, students are reimagining the conduct that is permitted, declaring agency over a controlled space.

Relating through a shared space and experience, these notes reflects the care the writer has for the viewer, despite not knowing them personally, acknowledging their importance as inherent rather than conditional.

As a practice, the graffiti has given life to a sort of anonymous analogue social media, providing a means to connect spatially and temporally dispersed subjects.

Global Embodiments of Hegemonic Femininity

A Project of Power and Control

Mayah Brasse

Taylor Sheesh

Analysis of…

• Performance style and costuming
• Performer interaction with audience and audience interaction with performer
• Setting (malls)
• Circulation of this media being both local and global

Thesis

The embodiment and consumption of hegemonic femininity through performers such as Taylor Sheesh reveals the colonial project of power and control.

Hegemonic femininity

• Patricia Hill Collins
• Embodiments and enactments of femininity that allow for the continued subordination of women
• Calling out against feminist/feminism that continues to suppress the ideas and experiences of Black women

Guiding quote

Liz Mount “I am not a Hijra”

• “Across the world, transgender is a relatively new category. Newer identity categories circulate and are taken up within complex and historically varied social hierarchies. Recent research on the circulation of transgender in the global South has established a connection between middle-class aspirations and the transgender category. In the Philippines, David (2015, 189) finds that transgender women are incorporated into global labor markets when “their gender expressions (appearance, conduct and dress) . . . remain within certain limits deemed respectable,” which privilege middle-class markers such as education, fluency in English, and upward mobility. “(Mount 2020, 622)

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Sources

Patricia Hill, Collins. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. 2nd ed. Routledge, 2000.

Mount, Liz. 2020 “‘I am not a Higra’ Class, Respectability, and the Emergence of the ‘New’ Transgender Woman in India.” Gender & Society 34, no. 4 (August 2020): 620–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243220932275.

Gularte, Alejandra. “If Taylor Swift Isn’t Available, Try Taylor Sheesh.” Vulture, September 1, 2023. https://www.vulture.com/2023/09/taylor-swift-drag-taylor-sheesh-philippines.html.

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Subminimum Wages and the Social Exclusion of People With Disabilities

Fiona McDonough

The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

Textual Analysis: -Metapragmatics

-Salient Feature = form (language)

“To prevent curtailment of opportunities of employment”

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Textual analysis of FLSA to critically analyze the metapragmatics of this policy

THEORY

“Policies are not simply coercive, constraining or confined to static texts; rather, they are productive, continually contested and able to create new social and semantic spaces and new sets of relations” (Però, Shore and Wright 2011, 2).

“Policies can serve as instruments for consolidating the legitimacy of an existing social order or they can provide the rationale for ‘regime change’ and the subversion of an established order” (Però, Shore and Wright 2011, 2).

How does exclusionary policy, like the Fair Labor Standards Act perpetuate the marginalization of people with disabilities?

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“”Public tolerance for subminimum wage has negative consequences, including the perpetuation of false stereotypes about the ability of individuals with disabilities to contribute meaningfully to the nation’s workforce. In addition, the payment of subminimum wage continues the segregation of individuals with disabilities in facility-based programs rather than inclusive community environments” (Maroto and Pettinicchio, 6).

- “Subminimum wages were associated with exacerbated poverty for people with disabilities. te. Disability was associated with increased poverty where poverty rates were 5 percentage points higher among people with disabilities” (Maroto and Pettinicchio, 8).

-This source provides evidence of the ways in which the FLSA is actively impacting the lives of people with disabilities and perpetuating their marginalization

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Argument

I argue that the Fair Labor Standards Act, which provides legal justification for the payment of subminimum wages to people with disabilities, no longer serves the purpose for which it was implemented. Instead, it perpetuates the poverty and marginalization of people with disabilities by legitimizing their exclusion from the workforce and denying them access to financial security.

SOURCES

-Shore, Cris, Wright, Susan, and Però, Davide, eds. 2011. “Introduction and Chapter 1” Policy Worlds : Anthropology and the Analysis of Contemporary Power. New York, NY: Berghahn Books, Incorporated. Accessed November 28, 2023. ProQuest Ebook Central. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/lewisclark/detail.action?docID=717899#

-“The Fair Labor Standards Act - United States Department of Labor.” n.d. Accessed December 13, 2023. https://webapps.dol.gov/dolfaq/go-dol-faq.asp?faqid=218&topicid=1&subtopicid=8

-Maroto, Michelle, and David Pettinicchio. 2023. “Worth Less? Exploring the Effects of Subminimum Wages on Poverty among U.S. Hourly Workers.” Sociological Perspectives 66 (3): 455–75. doi:10.1177/07311214221124630.

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80’s-90’s Punk Rock and Resistance Movements

Theo Ye

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Punk Rock: The Currency of Life

“Other young women were coming to these shows and you had found each other. Many of you wanted to do more than just consume punk, you wanted to actively participate.”

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• Mindy Clegg

Hey ho, let's go, Shoot 'em in the back now

What they want, I don't know, They're all revved up and ready to go

They're forming in straight line, They're going through a tight wind

The kids are losing their minds, The blitzkrieg bop!

They're piling in the back seat, They're generating steam heat

Pulsating to the back beat,The blitzkrieg bop!

BlitzKrieg bop

Descendents - St. Louis '87

Conclusion

Punk rock was a powerful proponent of alternative countercultures in the 80’s and 90’s. It empowered and continues to empower marginalized groups in a uniquely intimate way.

Appropriating Martyrdom/

Protest in Tunisia

Matthew Sanchez

• In the midst of new leaders and various natural occurrences, the economy in Tunisia has been seen as a slow process that is not fast enough for the suffering public.
• From this there has been upticks over the years of copycats that cite inspiration from Mohamed.
• Various opinions taken from Tunisians express disdain for Mohamed and his action that started the revolutions

Ghost Vendor: Spirit of Revolution

Public Disillusionment and

Copycats

“We can thus trace the value of such individual sacrifice as a radical form of protest for collective causes, and the value, significance, and potency of the body on fire as a symbolic object in such contentious performances.”(Zuev 2023, 191).

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“The crowd is always at once a concrete, particular crowd - these people' these bodies in this place - and an infinitely expansive formation. In that sense the crowd is seen as both the Doppelganger and the antitype of the public. And because it embodies in a utopian-dystopian figure the dynamic tension between mass affect and mass mobilization it is also perhaps the starting point for an adequate reading of the politics of public culture.”(Mazzarella 2020, 305)

Guiding QuotationGuid

Argument

Mohamed Bouazizi’s self-immolation was appropriated and reinforced an abrupt and sudden uprising of Tunisians and self-immolation copycats. Moreover, the current media representations of the Tunisian state and Mohamed represent the disillusionment of the public from their initial protests.

Argenchinos:

Deconstructing racism

one TikTok at a Time

#multiculturalcheck

Rocío Yao

SOAN204 F23

What is your research question?

How do Argenchinos TikTokers restore agency in their narratives

and challenge anti-Asian prejudice in Argentina?

Argentinians who were born and raised in Argentina and have Chinese ancestry.

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Less than 0.005% of the Population.

According to Denardi (2015), 200,000 registered immigrants from China with an estimated 100,000 unregistered immigrants. Argentina’s population is at 47,000,000, meaning that Chinese immigrants form around 0.5% of the population.

This doesn’t take into account the children of Chinese immigrants born in Argentina with Argentinean nationality. My assumption is that the percentage of Argenchinos is significantly smaller than 0.05%.

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Argenchinos (n.)

Asian features = Foreigner

Narratives of Argenchinos taken over by mass ignorance and sinophobia

Corpus: Tiktok video by @facu.wehn part of his “my life in a supermarket” series

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Link: https://www.tiktok.com/@chen.wenh/video/6957399057132195078?_t=8iCYZUOb4J3&_r=

“Stuck in a Chinese”

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“You know how some people lock themselves inside a mall or a movie theater? Well I locked myself inside un chino (a Chinese).” Facundo says, pointing his phone camera with the flashlight setting towards the aisle of a supermarket that has its lights off. “Ahre que yo soy el chino (not really or just kidding, I’m the Chinese), I’m the manager. We’re saving electricity [hence why the lights are off]. Just kidding, the power went out.” Then, the next clip is a video of himself recorded with his front camera while walking around the supermarket and says “after four hours, [the power] came back.”

THEORIES: Critical Race Theory and Storytelling

Kimberlé Crenshaw - Intersectionality

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Critical Race Theory: Racial stereotypes are socially constructed

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Intersectionality: People's different identities, like race, gender, and class (and more) all interact and affect how they experience the world.

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Storytelling as a tool of resistance:

• Single axis-frameworks are limited!
• Storytelling = articulating intersections of their identities.
• Narratives: a tool for those often marginalized and underrepresented.

Using humor to challenge racial prejudice:

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1. “El Chino” (n)., directly translates to “the Chinese.” Used to refer to any Asian-owned supermarket.

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• Chinese supermarkets stereotyped as shady business that engage with questionable business practices, including overcharging clients and skimping on expenses such as turning off the coolers where products are stored.

Credits:

Chen, Facundo, dir. 2021. #supermercado #cortedeluz. Tiktok. https://www.tiktok.com/@chen.wenh/video/6957399057132195078?_t=8iCYZUOb4J3&_r=1.

Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43 (6): 1241–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039.

Denardi, Luciana. 2015. “Ser chino en Buenos Aires: historia, moralidades y cambios en la diáspora china en Argentina.” Horizontes Antropológicos 21 (43): 79–103. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-71832015000100004.

“Why Intersectional Stories Are Key to Helping the Communities We Serve (SSIR).” n.d. Accessed December 15, 2023. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/why_intersectional_stories_are_key_to_helping_the_communities_we_serve.

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FOOTBALL HOOLIGANISM, GRAFFITI AND PERFORMING ETHNIC DIVISION

…………..MOSTAR’S CLUB

Selections from

key sources

“Image and visual languages are regarded as capillary channels for the production and dissemination of meaning in an increasingly mediatized and globalized society. Consequently, we find more and more evidence that the symbolic conflict in metropolitan areas is conveyed through visual communication that takes advantage of the potential offered by the city's public space.” (Campos 2015, 20)

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[The nation] works as a symbol for two reasons. First, like all symbols, its meaning is ambiguous. Therefore, people who use it differently can mobilize disparate audiences (both internal and international) who think that they understand the same thing by it. Second, its use evokes sentiments and dispositions that have been formed in relation to it throughout decades of so-called nation-building. (Verdery 1993, 38)

• Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Polarity in ethnic/national constitution - nation-as-symbol expressed through warfare (1990s) and extended into football conflicts
• EAST: Bosniaks, primarily Muslims, associated with Velež Football Club, Red Army/Tifos fanclub
• WEST: Croats, primarily Catholics, associated with Zrinjski Football Club, Ultras fanclub
• Pre-supposed notion of division, “case-city”

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• Velež/Red Army

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• Zrinjski/Ultras

Two opposing sets of supporters polarize and become each other’s Other: United as anti-City and City as anti-United. In this way football rivalry can be seen not merely as a clash of opposites, but also as an oppositioning around a clash. (Blackshaw 2008, 329)

ARGUMENT

Football-related graffiti in Mostar resists and reinforces ethnic division, mostly through community building via symbolic conflict:

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Participation in a sports fan club presupposes a form of nationalism building a community materialized by common symbols, beliefs, histories, heroes… And ultimately grounds it as a site of the simulation of performative ethnicity/nationalism, despite its apparent community-building solely around the sport rivalry.

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Sources

Blackshaw, Tony. “Contemporary Community Theory and Football.” Soccer & Society 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2008): 325–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970802008959.

Campos, Ricardo. “Youth, Graffiti, and the Aestheticization of Transgression.” Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice 59, no. 3 (2015): 17–40.

Verdery, Katherine. “Whither ‘Nation’ and ‘Nationalism’?” Daedalus 122, no. 3 (1993): 37–46.

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