Reactivity…

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“A measure of how readily and violently a substance will react with another substance’’

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The Reactivity Series

Starter

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The Reactivity Series

What happens if a compound reacts with a new element?

Task

Copper Sulphate

Magnesium

Magnesium Sulphate

Copper

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The Reactivity Series

What happens if a compound reacts with a new element?

Task

Magnesium Sulphate

Calcium

Calcium Sulphate

Magnesium

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The Reactivity Series

What happens if a compound reacts with a new element?

Task

Zinc Sulphate

Lead

Lead

Zinc Sulphate

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The Reactivity Series

What happens if a compound reacts with a new element?

Task

Aluminium Sulphate

Potassium

Potassium Sulphate

Aluminium

C10 Metals

C10.

C10 Metals

Vocabulary

C10.

https://quizlet.com/_94unt0?x=1jqt&i=28b19k

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C10 Metals

In groups you have got three minutes to try and write down as much as you can about Iron, using the Periodic table to help.

C10.

C10 Metals

Group Challenge:

Rank the elements in order of abundance.

Iron

Aluminium

Oxygen

Silicon

Calcium

What Percentages are they?

46.6%

5.0%

6.6%

8.1%

27.7%

C10 Metals

• Most metals are found naturally in rocks called ores.
• They are in compounds, chemically bonded to other elements (usually oxides, sulphides or carbonates)
• Iron is found in Haematite as Iron (III) oxide (Fe₂O₃₎

iron ore

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3hQpb8ES6c

C10 Metals

C10.3.1 Describe the use of carbon in the extraction of copper from copper oxide

• Oxidation is the gain of oxygen
• Reduction is the loss of oxygen

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C10 Metals

C10.

C5 Electricity and Chemistry

What is oxidation and reduction of electrons?

Oxidation

Is

Lose

Reduction

Is

Gain

C5 Electricity and Chemistry

What is oxidation and reduction?

Oxidation

Is

Lose

Reduction

Is

Gain

C10 Metals

C10.3.4 Relate the method of extraction of a metal from its ore to its position in the reactivity series for the metals listed in section C10.2 and for other metals, given information

potassium

sodium

calcium

magnesium

aluminium

zinc

iron

copper

gold

increasing reactivity

Metals above carbon in the reactivity series must be extracted using electrolysis.

Metals less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their ores by reduction using carbon, coke or charcoal.

Platinum, gold, silver and copper can occur native and do not need to be extracted.

lead

silver

(carbon)

(hydrogen)

platinum

C10 Metals

C10.

In order to extract a metal, the ore or compound of the metal must undergo REDUCTION to free the metal.

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Reduction is the LOSS of oxygen or REMOVAL of oxygen from a compound.

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Generally speaking the method of extraction depends upon the metals position in the reactivity series.

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C10 Metals

C10.

Heat metal oxide with carbon,

carbon removes the oxygen from the metal oxide to produce carbon dioxide

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Metal oxide + Carbon 🡪 Metal + Carbon dioxide

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C10 Metals

C10.3.1 Describe the use of carbon in the extraction of copper from copper oxide

lead oxide + carbon 🡪 lead + carbon dioxide

2PbO_(s) + C_(s) 🡪 2Pb_(s) + CO_2(g)

carbon is oxidised

lead oxide is reduced

C10 Metals

What is a blast furnace?

C10.3.2 Describe and explain the essential reactions in the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace C + O2 → CO2 C + CO2 → 2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

1. Haematite – Iron (III) Oxide
2. Coke (C)
3. Limestone (CaCO₃)

Blasts of hot air

Iron (molten)

C10 Metals

C10.3.2 Describe and explain the essential reactions in the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace C + O2 → CO2 C + CO2 → 2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

10.3.1 Describe the use of carbon in the extraction of copper from copper oxide

The coke (carbon) reacts with oxygen in the hot air to make carbon dioxide

C_(s) + O_2(g) CO_2(g)

C10 Metals

C10.3.2 Describe and explain the essential reactions in the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace C + O2 → CO2 C + CO2 → 2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

The carbon dioxide reacts with more hot coke to form carbon monoxide

CO_2(g) + C_(s) 2CO(g)

C10 Metals

C10.3.2 Describe and explain the essential reactions in the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace C + O2 → CO2 C + CO2 → 2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

The carbon monoxide then reduces (takes oxygen away) the iron oxide to iron

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Fe₂O_3(s) + 3CO_(g) 2Fe_(l) + 3CO_2(g)

carbon is oxidised

iron oxide is reduced

C10 Metals

C10.3.2 Describe and explain the essential reactions in the extraction of iron from hematite in the blast furnace C + O2 → CO2 C + CO2 → 2CO Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

Limestone reacts with the impurities to form slag. Slag can be used to build roads

CaCO_3(s) + SiO_2(s) CaSiO_3(s) + CO_2(g)

_{Limestone + Sand 🡪 Calcium Silicate (Slag) + Carbon Dioxide}

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This is a neutralisation reaction

C10 Metals

C10.

Initially, the carbon-rich coke reacts with oxygen, from the hot air that is blasted in to the furnace, to produce carbon dioxide. This reaction produces a lot of heat energy

Since it is so hot in the furnace, the carbon dioxide reacts with more carbon to form carbon monoxide.

The carbon monoxide reacts with the iron oxide from the haematite to produce carbon dioxide and iron.

The iron is so hot that it is molten. Its high density means that it sinks to the bottom of the furnace, where it is removed.

Limestone is used to remove impurities. This produces slag, which is less dense than the molten iron and so floats on top.

Once the slag is solidified, it can be used in making roads.

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C10 Metals

C10.

• Aluminium is a reactive metal which sits above carbon on the reactivity series.
• It cannot be extracted from its ore (bauxite) by carbon reduction, so electrolysis is used.

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C10 Metals

Extraction of aluminium 

C10.3.3 Know that aluminium is extracted from the ore bauxite by electrolysis

C10 Metals

Kahoot

C10.

C10 Metals

C10.

https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=KheSDBwaEUybg3pLxZlckfCWKUWRx4FArTzFC0TbyRFUMTJSU0o5SlVMMFhQOUJPVEhZSUlaOUJEOS4u

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