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Contextual Evaluation of LLM Guardrails Across Languages and Agentic Systems

Roya Pakzad

Daniel Nissani

(Mozilla AI)

(Taraaz | Mozilla AI)

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Outline

Guardrails for AI systems (Daniel Nissani) | 10 minutes

From Contextual Evaluation to Agentic Guardrails (Roya Pakzad) | 15 minutes

Hands-on Activity | 20 minutes

Discussion and Wrap-up | 15 minutes

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Guardrails for AI systems.

Daniel Nissani

AI Safety Engineer

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01 — THE BASELINE

A typical LLM application

Input

user prompt

LLM

the model

Output

response

RAG

Tools

OPTIONAL CONTEXT & ACTIONS

Nearly every LLM app reduces to this: a model maps an input to an output . Retrieval and tools add context and reach — but it is still, fundamentally, one model touching the outside world on each side.

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02 — ADDING A GUARDRAIL

The same app, with a guardrail layer

Input

Guardrail

input check

LLM

Guardrail

output check

Output

A guardrail inspects, filters, or rewrites what crosses a boundary: prompt injection, PII, jailbreaks, off-topic use. The design question is where : input-side stops bad prompts before they cost you a call; output-side catches bad generations before a user sees them. Serious deployments do both by weighing latency, cost, and false positives.

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03 — GOING AGENTIC

Inside an agentic system

User

External systems

Agent

Short-term memory

Long-term memory

Agent Brain

LLM-based planning & reasoning engine

Tool invocation layer

API calls

Function calls

Code execution

Supporting services

e.g. retrieval-augmented generation

External systems

Databases

Vector stores

Enterprise tools

A modern agent is an LLM "brain" that plans and reasons — wrapped in short- and long-term memory, a tool-invocation layer, and the external systems it can act on.

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05 — A QUESTION TO LEAVE YOU WITH

What if the guardrail is an agent too?

GUARDRAIL AGENT

Policies & rules

Audit memory

Guardrail Brain

policy & verification reasoning

Verification tools

Threat intel

OBSERVE

ALLOW · FLAG · HALT

Input

Agent

Action

THE AGENT IT WATCHES

A guardrail agent gets the same kit as the agent it watches — memory, tools, knowledge, and an LLM to reason with — but points it at policy and verification. If it can reason and act like an agent, could it guard better than a static filter?

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From Contextual Evaluation to Agentic Guardrails

Roya Pakzad

Builder-in-Residence at Mozilla AI

Founder and Director at Taraaz

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From Evaluation to Agentic Guardrails

Building safer multilingual AI for humanitarian contexts: five stages, evaluation-to-guardrailing pipeline

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Evaluate

Domain-Specific, Multilingual Evaluation

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Benchmark

Open Benchmark: the MHRE Dataset

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Policies

From Failures to Guardrail Policies

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Tooling Gap

Why Guardrails Need Tools

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Agentic

Agentic Guardrails: Where We Are

The question we keep returning to: Can tool access make guardrails more context-aware, reliable, and safe?

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01

Domain-Specific, Multilingual Evaluation

Realistic scenarios, judged by people with language + domain expertise.

02 Benchmark

03 Policies

04 Tooling Gap

05 Agentic

What we did

Co-designed scenarios. Built realistic asylum & migration questions with humanitarian experts, reports, and lived experience.

Multilingual by design. 120 expert prompts across English ↔ Farsi, Arabic, Kurdish-Sorani, and Pashto.

Human, expert evaluation. Partnered with Respond Crisis Translation, native-speaker evaluators with cultural + domain knowledge.

Rubric → two outputs. Six rights-based criteria; the resulting data feeds both a benchmark and guardrail design.

→ Evaluation must be language-, domain-, and context-specific.

Source: multilingualailab.com/methodology

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01 Evaluate

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Open Benchmark: the MHRE Dataset

We turned the evaluation into a public dataset, on community terms.

03 Policies

04 Tooling Gap

05 Agentic

What we did

Published openly. Released scenarios + criteria + evaluations as the Multilingual Humanitarian Response Eval (MHRE).

Real scale. 655 annotated datapoints from 120 expert prompts, with both human and LLM-as-judge scores.

On Mozilla Data Collective. Hosted publicly, stewarded by Taraaz, under a CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0 license.

Terms set with evaluators. After consulting the linguists who did the work, we chose how to open it and what to restrict.

→ Non-commercial · no replacing human interpreters · full attribution.

Source: Mozilla Data Collective, MHRE

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01 Evaluate

02 Benchmark

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From Failures to Guardrail Policies

Real failure patterns became concrete, testable safety policies.

04 Tooling Gap

05 Agentic

What we did

Studied the failures. Unsafe referrals to authorities, missing medical/legal disclaimers, and stereotypes about refugees (e.g. assuming Muslim, poor).

Wrote context-aware policies. Concrete guardrail rules in both English and Farsi, grounded in the six assessment criteria.

Used any-guardrail. Mozilla.ai’s framework to choose, configure, and test guardrails with a customizable taxonomy.

Why a framework matters. It makes swapping and comparing guardrails technically easy and streamlining the whole testing loop.

→ Failures → concrete policies → a repeatable way to test them.

Source: blog.mozilla.ai

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01 Evaluate

02 Benchmark

03 Policies

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Why Guardrails Need Tools

Text alone isn't enough — factuality has to be checked.

05 Agentic

What we found

Text isn’t enough. Some criteria (factuality and actionability) can’t be judged from the response alone.

They need lookups. Do these NGOs / acronyms exist? Is the law current and in-jurisdiction? Is a required disclaimer present?

Guardrails were overconfident. They affirmed accuracy with no way to verify links, laws, or contacts – and even hallucinated.

And language-sensitive. Identical policies in English vs. Farsi produced different judgments for the same response.

→ Without search & retrieval, guardrails can’t verify compliance.

Source: blog.mozilla.ai

Step 4 of 5

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01 Evaluate

02 Benchmark

03 Policies

04 Tooling Gap

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Agentic Guardrails: (Where We Are Now)

Guardrails that can use tools, search, retrieve, and verify. We're here.

Where we are now

Agentic guardrails. Guardrails that can call tools (search, retrieval, fact-checking, and live lookups)

The promise. Verify laws, links, acronyms, and entities; close the factuality gap that text-only guardrails can’t.

The challenges. Latency, compute cost, consistency, and the need for repeated runs across languages.

Today. We brought our tutorial and demo so you can test this hands-on.

→ Let's run the demo together.

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Hands-on Activity

20 minutes

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Hands-on Activity

Scan the QR code or go to https://guardrail-webapp.vercel.app/

Choose or create a scenario.

Choose or create a guardrail policy.

Choose a language pair for translation (optional).

Run the non-agentic and agentic guardrails.

Reflect on the questions at each and share your observations

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