ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY

POLICIES IN EUROPE

Cultural and Natural Treasures to be Preserved for an Inclusive and Sustainable Europe

ENERGY POLICY

the five main objectives of the Union’s energy policy are as follows:

• diversifying Europe’s energy sources, ensuring energy security through solidarity and cooperation between EU countries;
• ensure the functioning of a fully integrated internal energy market, allowing the free flow of energy within the EU through appropriate infrastructure and without technical or regulatory obstacles;
• improving energy efficiency and reducing dependence on energy imports, reducing emissions and stimulating employment and growth;
• decarbonise the economy and move to a low-carbon economy, in line with the Paris Agreement;
• promoting research into clean and low-carbon energy technologies and prioritising research and innovation to drive the energy transition and improve competitiveness.

energy security, solidarity and trust

full integration of the European energy market

energy efficiency to contain demand

decarbonisation of the economy

research, innovation and competitiveness

Energy Union

RESULTS OBTAINED UP TO NOW

a reduction of at least 40 % of greenhouse gas emissions compared to 1990 levels;

an increase of up to 32 % in the share of energy from renewable sources in energy consumption;

an energy efficiency improvement of 32,5 %;

the interconnection of at least 15 % of EU electricity systems.

A fully integrated and properly functioning internal energy market ensures prices

affordable energy, provides the necessary price signals for investments in green energy, ensures

energy supply and opens the least expensive path to climate neutrality.

The World Energy Outlook is a complex document of hundreds of pages in which are however identifiable four main areas of intervention.

1. Increasing the electrification of our energy mix using energy sources with low CO2 emissions.

2. Energy efficiency, including not only performance improvements but also behavioural changes that can help reduce consumption.

3. technological innovation: it is estimated that half of the reductions required for carbon neutrality require the marketing of technologies which are still in the prototype stage.

4. Reduction of methane gas emissions that, if released into the atmosphere, has a worse effect than CO2 because its global warming potential is about 25 times higher.

COP-26

Stated Policies Scenario, which considers only energy and climate policies already implemented or close to implementation. In this scenario emissions in the electricity generation sector decline by 2050, this decline is more than offset by increases in other sectors such as cement and steel production and heavy transport. The result is that in 2100 the temperature would increase by 2.6 ¡ over the pre-industrial level.

Announced Pledges Scenario, based on commitments announced by governments ahead of COP26. These announcements, the so-called "pledges", are not yet implemented at the legislative level but represent a commitment of the governments that will participate in COP26. Fossil fuel consumption would peak in 2025 and then decline. If all the policies announced for COP26 were implemented, CO2 emissions would decrease by 40% in 2050.

Net-Zero Emission aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and to limit the temperature increase to 2100 to 1.5 above the pre-industrial level. This scenario is therefore even more ambitious than the objectives set in the Paris agreements.

three possible scenarios

ENVIROMENTAL POLICY

EU environmental policies and legislation protect natural habitats, keep water and air clean, ensure waste disposal, improve knowledge of toxic substances and support companies' transition to a sustainable economy

HOW DID THEY START?

PARIS 1972

The head of the state and governament expressed the need for a european enviromental policy to guide economic expansion and called for an action program

GREEN DEAL, DECEMBER 2019

Achieve to arrive at climate neutrality in Europe by 2050

AARHUS, OCTOBER 2021

is a treath with the member states to expand acess to information, public participation in decision-making and acess to justice in enviromental matters

OBJECTIVES

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission by 2030 and climate neutrality by 2050

Reduce enviromental and climate pressures related to production and consumption

Strenghten adaptation capacity, consolidate resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change

Creating a regenevative growth model, transition to a circolar economy

Zero pollution, including air, water and soil pollution, and protect the healt and well-being of Europeans

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Protect, preserve and restore biodiversity

The EU manages the European Earth Observation Programe (Copernicus), which provides satellite observation data and land the marine enviroment the atmosphere and climate change

The European Emission Register ( E-PRTR) provides essential enviromental data from more than 30 000 industrial installation

States provide for criminal sanctions, proportionate and dissuasive for the enviromental crimes

Thanks for your attentioin!

Chiara Fonck, Francesca Stella

V Arim

Thanks for your attention!

Chiara Fonck, Francesca Stella

V Arim