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Άρης τροφή

(Air-ees Trophy)

By: Aiden, Evan, Jade, Remi

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About Martian

Greenhouse

Highfive Dude!

Hey everyone!!

I’m upside down

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What is Martian Greenhouse?

Martian Greenhouse is an international collaboration of students and aerospace professionals to come together and find new solutions for both growing plants on other planets and getting students more involved in industry.

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  1. It require intelecc
  2. It make you build things with plasticc
  3. But most importantly it gives brain less dopamine lacc

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What are the main goals? What was the strategy?

The Strategy

  • Communication
  • Teamwork
    • All working together collaboratively
  • Separating the research into sections
    • Assigning a group for each research topic
  • Team consensus on project systems and subsystems
  • Working with our mentor
  • Overcome challenges collaboratively

The Goals

  • To design a functional greenhouse on Mars
    • To make sure we provide a nutritional diet with variety to astronauts
    • Adapt existing hydroponics systems to enable plant growth on Mars

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Plants & Greenhouse

I’m holding a bowling ball!

More like levitating a bowling ball

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Medicinal Plants

  • Chamomile

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  • Feverfew

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  • Milk Thistle

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  • St. John’s Wort

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  • Echinacea

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  • Aloe Vera

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Culinary Plants & Herbs

We’ve designed our system to accommodate a variety of plants. Other than medicinal plants, we will be growing a variety of herbs and plants meant for culinary uses.

Herbs we’re growing

  • Basil
  • Mint (spearmint & peppermint)
  • Parsley (Italian, AKA flat-leaf)
  • Thyme
  • Chives
  • Cilantro
  • Dill (fernleaf &/or dukat)
  • Watercress
  • Oregano
  • Rosemary

Other plants

  • Grapes
  • Beans (bush/dwarf beans)
  • Strawberries
  • Tomatoes
  • Bell peppers
  • Cucumbers
  • Leafy greens
    • Lettuce (romaine &/or leaf)
    • Curly kale
    • Spinach
    • Arugula
    • Swiss chard
    • Cauliflower

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Greenhouse Design and Materials

Greenhouse design

  • Geodesic dome
    • Clear, UV resistant material - polyester
    • Supports made of aluminum - strong but lightweight
  • Protective retractable dome
  • Cylindrical design
    • Connected to rest of complex
    • 3D printed using Martian materials - basalt
  • Insulated with silica aerogel or similar material

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Rough idea of greenhouse layout - top view

Key:

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Rectangles - Plant trays

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Circles - Aeroponic towers

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Support Systems

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Water Conservation and Obtainment

Water will be obtained for the greenhouse in several different ways.

  • Reclamation of water from urine
    • Already used for missions
    • 5 liters of water from 6 liters of urine
    • Uses strong acids to cleanse urine
  • Harvesting water from Mars
    • Near-surface underground ice caps
    • Would have to be melted
    • Regulation of salt content, EC, pH, mineral content of water is necessary
  • Condensers
    • WAVAR - water from the Martian atmosphere
    • Condensers placed inside the greenhouse

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Close-to-surface ice on Mars (white box)

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Wind Energy on Mars

Wind on Mars ranges from speed of 10-20 mph (16-32 kmph) and can reach a speed of up to 70 mph (110 kmph). However, the density of Mars’ atmosphere is only 0.02 kg/m^3, compared to Earth’s atmospheric density of 1.2 kg/m^3, so a 30 mph wind on Mars isn’t equivalent to a 30 mph wind on Earth.

So, what are some alternatives?

Bladeless?

  • 67 mph winds to generate power

Piezoelectric?

  • 62 mph winds to generate power

Based on the math and the large amount of research we’ve done into the topic, wind is unfortunately impractical for Mars...

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Solar Energy on Mars

When it comes to solar energy on Mars:

  • Mars is around 590 W/m^2
    • Which is equivalent to 1000 W/m2 on Earth
  • The sun is overhead when it comes to Mars's Atmosphere

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Hydroponics and Aeroponics

Take us to your leader…

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Types of Hydroponics

We will be using a hydroponics system that is a combination of a deep water culture (DWC) and nutrient flow technique (NFT) system. What are these systems?

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Nutrient flow technique

  • Plants grown in channels with a constant nutrient stream along the bottom
    • Roots are not completely submerged in nutrient solution (hence “film” in name)
  • Placed in channels using net pots and growing medium
    • Can be replaced or harvested on one-by-one basis

Deep water culture

  • Uses a reservoir to hold a nutrient solution - roots of plants are suspended in the solution
  • Water is oxygenated with an air pulp and stone
    • Pumps bubbles into the solution
    • Prevents roots from drowning in water
  • Plants are typically housed in net pots
    • Placed in a foam board or into the top of the reservoir container

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Our Design - Hybrid Hydroponics System

These systems will be combined into a hybrid deep water culture/nutrient flow technique (DWC/NFT)system, with a design closely resembling that of an NFT, but with a deeper layer of water/nutrient solution flowing through the channels.

What are these hydroponic systems, and what would a hybrid look like?

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Model of hybrid system

Details & Design

  • Modular - shelving units, can be connected to a shared reservoir or have their own reservoirs
    • Hydroponic units, each with individual input-output link to reservoir
    • Reservoir located on bottom shelf
      • Can service different shelving units or be self contained
  • Separate systems can service plants with different needs
    • Enables growth of plants with different EC and pH requirements

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Our Design - Aeroponics Systems

The greenhouse will also utilize two different types of aeroponics: aeroponics towers and aeroponics trays.

  • Aeroponics trays
    • Located on the same shelving units as the DWC/NFT systems
    • Used to grow food and medicinal plants
  • Aeroponics towers
    • Located around the greenhouse
    • Cone shaped for even light distribution
    • Primarily used to grow herbs

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  • Seed starting
  • Seeds have to germinate before they can be transplanted
  • Can be started en-route to Mars

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Idea for a combination DWC/NFT system

Aeroponics tower and hybrid shelving unit - side view

Top view of DWC/NFT and aeroponics trays

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Models

*Moon Noise*

Wheeee

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Solar/Hydroponics/Wind Turbine Models

Aeroponics

NFT/DWC

All of the different models

Solar Panels & Wind Turbines w/ Blades and some without

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Sproutling Model

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Structure Model

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Our Journey &

What We’re Up To Now

They weren’t prepared for this picture

Oh no…

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Martian Greenhouse 2.0 - What it Meant to Us

“My favorite part of this project is making friends, doing what I love and being able to take this journey of a lifetime up to Mars with incredible people.” - Jade

“My favorite part was watching the team grow from a random group of people to functioning unit with the ability to solve the problem ‘How do we feed people on Mars?’.” - Evan

“The part I liked best about participating in Martian Greenhouse was seeing the project come together, and how our team came together in the process. It’s amazing to see what we can do when we work together.” - Remi

“Out of all the amazingness in this project, my favorite role was modeling structures and designs, and watching the project progress.” - Aden

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More Information

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Thanks for Listening!!

The Martian Movie