실험(6) 4주차 – Design of Antenna
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
2
Introduction
ZS = Impedance of source
Ztrans = Impedance of transmission line
Zant = Impedance of antenna
Zr = Impedance of radiation
ZS
Zr
Ztrans
Zant
Pr
Condition ①
Example for well designed antenna
Pant
Ptrans
Ptrans = loss for transmission line
Pant = loss for antenna
Pr = radiating power
Vs
ZS = Ztrans + Zant + Zr
Impedance matching
Full radiation
Condition ②
Condition ③
Induction of specific direction of current
J
J: Electric current density
Source
Transmission
line
Antenna
Free-space
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
3
Introduction
Dipole
Monopole
J
J 🡪 E
H
H
E
J 🡪 E
H
H
E
Plane wave
(Parallel E/H-field to antenna)
Plane wave
(Parallel E/H-field to antenna)
Radiation pattern
of dipole/monopole
J: Electric current density
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
4
Introduction
M: Magnetic current density
Radiation pattern
of patch antenna
Structure
(두 magnetic current가 평행하게 형성됨)
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
5
Introduction
One current antenna
(Dipole)
Two current antenna
(Patch)
Antenna parameters
Multi current antenna
(Array factor)
2,3주차
4주차
5주차
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
6
Design of Dipole Antennas
λ0/4
λ0/4
Radiating
region
ZS
Zr
Vs
Source
& Transmission
line
Dipole
antenna
Radiating
region
Equivalent circuit of dipole antenna
Zr = 73Ω
(반파장 공진 기준)
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 1
Arm 2
λ0/4
λ0/4
ZS
Zr
Vs
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
7
Design of Dipole Antennas
Rin = Input impedance(antenna + radiating region)
Rr = Impedance of radiating region
β = Propagation constant [rad/lambda]
l = Length of dipole antenna [lambda]
Iin = Input current for source [A]
I0 = maximum current [A]
Node 1
Node 2
🡪 반파장 길이일 시, Node 1과 node 2의 전압 및 전류는 동일 🡪 안테나 회로 삭제
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
8
Patch Antennas Theory
Two magnetic currents (two slot, array of magnetic dipole)
Half wave resonance
E-field
Dipole antenna
J 🡪 E
H
Slot antenna
H🡪 M
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
9
Patch Antennas Theory
Calculation result (MATLAB)
Two magnetic currents (two slot, array of magnetic dipole)
Half wave resonance
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
10
Patch antennas Theory
L
W
Patch
Substrate
Air
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
11
Patch antennas Theory
<전계 분포-TM010>
Surface impedance
∞ 0 ∞
Leff
Half wave resonance
Half wave
resonance
Leff : Total effective length
L : Physical length
ΔL : Effective length for fringing effect
L
ΔL
ΔL
Fringing effect
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
12
Patch antennas Theory
L
W
Patch
Substrate
Air
(W의 수식은 대역폭, 효율, 임피던스 매칭 등의 요소들을 고려하여 설계된 보편 수식임)
유전율에 따라 다르지만,
Redge ≈ 100 ~ 400 Ω
h : height of substrate
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
13
Microstrip feed (inset)
Coaxial feed
Aperture Coupled feed
Patch antennas Theory
3.5mm
임피던스 매칭 목표
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
14
Patch antennas Theory
: dependent on tuning
x0
y0
W0
h : height of substrate
L
W
Air
L0
or
① 안테나의 전체 임피던스 설정 수식 (둘 중 맞는 것으로 취사선택)
② Transmission line의 특성임피던스 계산식
Antenna
Transmission line
🡪Inset 및 coaxial feed 등에 모두 적용 가능
③ 전체 입력 임피던스 계산식
Source (Zs)
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
15
HFSS Simulation
Gx=72.2mm
Gy=72.2mm
Px=29.4mm
Py=38mm
Ix=9.5mm
Iy=9mm
Substrate
: FR4
Ground (PEC)
Patch (PEC)
Lumped port
Fx=30.9mm (0.5λg)
Fy=2.55mm
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
16
HFSS Simulation
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
17
HFSS Simulation
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
18
HFSS Simulation
- Radiation pattern : E-plane(red) / H-plane(blue)
G0=4.99
G0=6.97 [dBi]
Substrate
: FR4
E-plane(red)
H-plane(blue)
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
19
HFSS Simulation
Substrate
: FR4
e0=total efficiency
er=reflection efficiency
ecd=radiation efficiency� (Conduction & dielectric loss)
: Leakage current of FR4
: Displacement current of FR4
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
20
HFSS Simulation
Gx=79.1mm
Gy=79.1mm
Px=29.7mm
Py=38.3mm
Ix=6.5mm
Iy=10.5mm
Substrate
: FR4
Ground (PEC)
Patch (PEC)
Lumped port
Fx=31.2mm (0.5λg)
Fy=2.6mm
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
21
HFSS Simulation
S-parameter
Z-parameter
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY
22
HFSS Simulation
- Radiation pattern : E-plane(red) / H-plane(blue)
G0=2.19
Substrate
: FR4
E-plane(red)
H-plane(blue)
G0=3.40 [dBi]
실험(6) – IT시스템종합설계
HONGIK UNIVERSITY