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Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

513 counties (16.5%) experienced 20 days or more of extreme heat each year between 2019-2023.

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Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

379 counties (12.2%) are considered High Pregnancy Heat Risk areas, with high levels of extreme heat and low levels of NICU access.

>186,000 babies are born each year in these counties.

Notes: Extreme heat exposure and births data are from the years 2019-2023.

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Extreme Heat and NICU Access

Currently, counties with Very Low or Low NICU access are more likely to have extreme heat exposures at Level 3 or higher, compared to counties with better NICU access.

When the earth reaches the 1.5°C global warming level (GWL), extreme heat will become more common. Very Low and Low NICU access counties will be more likely to have Level 4 or 5 extreme heat exposure levels compared to counties with better NICU access.

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

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Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

The 3 states with the highest proportion of births occurring in High Pregnancy Heat Risk counties are New Mexico (50.7%), Mississippi (35.0%), and Texas (22.5%).

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

20 states have one or more counties that are High Pregnancy Heat Risk areas

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HIGH PREGNANCY HEAT RISK AREAS, BY RURALITY

Rural counties are more likely to be High Pregnancy Heat Risk areas compared to metropolitan counties.

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

Definition: High Pregnancy Heat Risk counties are those with high extreme heat exposures (2019-2023) and lower levels of NICU access.

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HIGH PREGNANCY HEAT RISK IMPACTS, BY RACE/ETHNICITY

Among women of childbearing age, those who are NH AIAN or Hispanic are more likely to be living in High Pregnancy Heat Risk areas, compared to other race/ethnicity groups.

Source: Ghosh J.K., Beck C., (2025). Extreme Heat and NICU Access [Data Brief]. Heluna Health. September 2025.

Extreme Heat & Pregnancy Health Risks

Definition: High Pregnancy Heat Risk counties are those with high extreme heat exposures (2019-2023) and lower levels of NICU access.

NH = non-Hispanic, AIAN = American Indian or Alaska Native, NHPI = Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander