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Expanding Access for Disabled Geoscientists

Gabi Serrato Marks, PhD

LDEO BPE Seminar, Feb. 15th, 2021

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Why I care about accessibility in geoscience

PhD in David McGee’s lab at MIT, 2020

Fieldwork: caving in Mexico

Became disabled in grad school

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Disability is more common than you might think...

26% of US adults (1 in 4) have a disability (CDC, pre-COVID)

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Disability is more common than you might think...

… but we’re dramatically underrepresented in STEM.

26% of US adults (1 in 4) have a disability (CDC, pre-COVID)

The geoscience workforce is the least diverse of all STEM disciplines (Huntoon et al., 2015)

75% fewer disabled people in the STEM workforce than in the general population (Hutchinson and Libarkin, 2016)

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Disability 101

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What is a disability?

Anything that impacts your ability to work, learn, and/or take care of yourself.

  1. Impairment in a person’s body structure or function, or mental functioning; examples of impairments include loss of a limb, loss of vision or memory loss.
  2. Activity limitation, such as difficulty seeing, hearing, walking, or problem solving.
  3. Participation restrictions in normal daily activities, such as working, engaging in social and recreational activities, and obtaining health care and preventive services. (WHO)

Mobility

Sensory

Mental health

Illness

Neurological

Learning

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“This is only a small group of people”

Pregnancy

Torn ACL, shin splints

Concussion

Grieving

Food poisoning

Sore from running a marathon

Didn’t sleep last night

Lots of people might need accommodations

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COVID Survivors

Physical symptoms

Mental health impacts

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Not disabled

Disabled

This is how we’re taught, but it’s not this simple.

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Normal

able-bodied

Handicapped

Handicapable

Differently-abled

Special needs

Sufferer

Language to avoid

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Not disabled

Disabled

This is how we’re taught, but it’s not this simple.

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disabled

Not disabled

Even this spectrum is an oversimplification

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Our bodies, our minds, our differences, are not a problem.

Academia was not designed for us.

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disabled

Not disabled

deaf

hard-of-hearing

hearing

Deaf

Diagnosis is different from identity

depression

depression

depression

depression

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Disability is just one facet of identity

you

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“I want to do better, but I don’t even know what to Google.”

Creating more inclusive environments starts with better understanding.

Use this seminar as a starting point

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Why should we improve accessibility?

“In an ideal world, this would be where I say that diversity is necessary for scientific innovation and make the logical leap that it’s therefore important to include the perspectives of disabled scientists. But we’ve been making this argument for years and still haven’t successfully diversified the scientific workforce. So, instead I’ll argue that making labs more accessible is actually beneficial for everyone involved.

Krystal Vasquez, Chemistry World

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Expanding access

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How can you design solutions that work with so many different disabilities?

  1. equitable use
  2. flexibility in use
  3. simple and intuitive
  4. perceptible information
  5. tolerance for error
  6. low physical effort
  7. size and space for approach
  8. a community of learners
  9. instructional climate

Universal Design

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Universal design in the classroom, video call, lab, and field

simple and intuitive: communicate clearly

perceptible information: provide information in many ways

low physical effort: focus on learning/doing, not endurance

a community of learners: collaboration

instructional climate: respect and appreciate differences

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Make it easier for anyone to understand your research

Take turns speaking in meetings or panels

Turn on auto-generated captions in presentations

Use large font in presentations, figures, posters

Check your colors for color vision differences and contrast

Add alt text on social media posts, documents, presentations

Share 3 key points for papers and presentations

Make slides available for download during presentation (okay) or ahead of time (better)

EASY

MEDIUM

CHALLENGE

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Make it easier for anyone to understand your research

Take turns speaking in meetings or panels

Turn on auto-generated captions in presentations

Use large font in presentations, figures, posters

Check your colors for color vision differences and contrast

Add alt text on social media posts, documents, presentations

Share 3 key points for papers and presentations

Make slides available for download during presentation (okay) or ahead of time (better)

EASY

MEDIUM

CHALLENGE

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Color theory is just one part of accessible design

Ocular migraine simulation, migraine aura

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Color theory is just one part of accessible design

Ocular migraine simulation, migraine aura

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Make lab more comfortable for everyone

Chairs or stools!

Fume hoods or benches with space for knees

Windows to the hallway

Adjustable lighting

Designing a new lab or building? It’s easier to design for access from the start than to find workarounds.

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Fieldwork doesn’t have to involve suffering

Nope:

Excluded from trips (“optional”)

“Real geologists love hiking”

Yes:

Focus on learning goals or research objectives

Work in groups (mixed ability)

Flexibility

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What about cruises? Polar research?

Guidelines are not published so as not to encourage individuals to focus on specific guidelines and ignore other important aspects of overall health as recommended by their physicians” - NSF Panel, 2013

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Addressing everyday ableism

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What would you do?

An undergraduate takes the elevator from the first floor to the second floor. A faculty member rolls her eyes and says, “Too busy to walk, I guess.

Your labmate says, “This experiment is going to give me PTSD.

At a conference, a fellow panelist says, “I have a loud voice. We don’t need the mic.

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Steps to take today:

Take turns speaking in meetings or panels

Turn on auto-generated captions in presentations

Use large font in presentations, figures, posters

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Resources - feel free to screenshot!

The International Association for Geoscience Diversity, theiagd.org

Adobe Color Accessibility Tools, color.adobe.com/create/color-accessibility

Writing alternative text: webaim.org/techniques/alttext

Reading list with more articles and guides: http://bit.ly/dis-reading

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Thank you!

gserratomarks@gmail.com