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Case Study #3

Box Protocol--Common Source Grade 8

DAY

3

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What to Expect: Today’s Lesson

Warm Up

Social Studies

Vocabulary

Superhero Roles

Learning target, box-protocol

Key definitions

Compare & Contrast

Source analysis

Questions

Wrap-up

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Warm Up

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I can analyze a map and primary sources

to learn how redlining has affected

where I live.

Learning Target

SECTION ONE: WARM UP

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Check-In

SECTION ONE: WARM UP

Show the class with your fingers which number ‘dog’ represents how you’re feeling today?

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Instructions: Create this set of boxes on your butcher paper. �Be sure to leave space between each box for notes.

SECTION ONE: WARM UP

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Vocabulary

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Antiracist (adj.)

DEFINITION:

Believing and acting as if racial groups are equals and actively resisting racism.

EXAMPLE:

Mattie Gray was the executive director of the Interracial Association in Broome County in the 1930s and 1940s. She advocated for better housing and jobs in the Triple Cities through public speaking, newspaper articles, and organizing white and Black members of the community to push for anti-discrimination laws in New York.

SECTION THREE: VOCABULARY TO CONSIDER

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Racist (adj.)

Believing and acting as if something is wrong or right, superior or inferior, better or worse about a racial group.

Donald Hotchkin demonstrated racist actions when he promoted and defended segregation as president of the Broome County Real Estate Board in the 1950s. He also defended white landlords, including his brother, who refused to install central heating or indoor bathrooms in the redlined apartments of Black tenants in Binghamton on North Way St.

DEFINITION:

EXAMPLE:

VOCABULARY

Solvay H.S. 1952

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Systemic Racism

DEFINITION:

Any measure that produces or sustains racial inequity between racial groups.

EXAMPLE:

Until the late 1950s the National Real Estate Board had a code of ethics that essentially said a real estate agent could lose their job if they showed a home to a non white family in a white neighborhood. The Broome County Board of REALTORS enforced this policy and helped steer Black residents of Broome County into the Sherwood Park neighborhood of Binghamton.

Key Terms to Consider

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Social Studies Practices:

Compare & Contrast

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What does this map tell you about our community?

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What do you wonder?

What do you notice?

What can you infer?

Keep these questions in mind:

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Common Source

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Instructions: Let’s analyze each part of this together, then you will answer questions about it on your own.

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Instructions: Let’s analyze each part of this together, then you will answer questions about it on your own.

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Common Source

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Instructions: Let’s analyze each part of this together, then you will answer questions about it on your own.

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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Common Source

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Instructions: Let’s analyze each part of this together, then you will answer questions about it on your own.

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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Common Source

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Instructions: Let’s analyze each part of this together, then you will answer questions about it on your own.

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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Common Source

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Share out what you notice about this source.

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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So, what is this map?

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Map created by National Housing Act 1934, and the key that shows the meaning behind each color

Map created by National Housing Act 1934.

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SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

3.Jefferson Ave/Park St.

1.Westside

Why might this map have also been called �a ‘redlining map’?

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4. Elm Oak Streets

2. Sherman Place/Columbus Park

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Prediction may be made regarding the possibility of the location being invaded by such groups. If a neighborhood is to retain stability it is necessary that properties shall continue to be occupied by the same social and racial classes. A change in social or racial occupancy generally leads to instability and a reduction in value.

Natural or artificially established barriers will prove effective in protecting a neighborhood and the locations within it from adverse influences. Including prevention of the infiltration of business and industrial uses, lower class occupancy, and inharmonious racial groups. A high speed traffic artery or a wide street parkway may prevent the expansion of inharmonious uses to a location on the opposite side of the street.

To be most effective, deed restrictions should be imposed upon all land in the immediate environment of the subject location . . . Recommended restrictions should include provisions for the following... Prohibition of the occupancy of properties except by the race for which they are intended.

951. Quality and Accessibility of Schools.

The social class of the parents of children at the school will in many instances have a direct bearing. Thus, physical surroundings of a neighborhood area may be favorable and conducive to enjoyable, pleasant living in its location. However, if the children of people living in such an area are compelled to attend school where the majority or a considerable number of the pupils represent a far lower level of society or an incompatible racial element, the neighborhood under consideration will prove far less stable and desirable than if this condition did not exist

The law included these rules about what makes a neighborhood �good and worthy of government investment.

COMMON SOURCE

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Authors of National Housing Act 1934 that �created the Rochester Redlining Map

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SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

President Roosevelt Signing the Law

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Rochester Leaders Who Helped Build Our Redlining Map

The following local gentlemen rendered valuable assistance in the preparation of the map and sectional descriptions:

  • James Brownlow - Real Estate broker of long standing who has also engaged in speculative development work.
  • Mark H. Georgia - Treasurer of the Marine Midland Trust Company and responsible for their mortgage investments and the handling of owned properties.
  • L. H. Greene - President of the Real Estate Board and considered an authority on all matters pertaining to real estate.
  • Roger C. Legge - Treasurer of the Binghamton Savings Bank in charge of mortgages and properties.
  • Elmer J. Meloche - Assistant State Appraiser of the HOLC and formerly engaged in local real estate developments.
  • D. P. Selleck - Real estate broker and speculative builder of homes in various sections of the area.
  • M. A. Smith - Former Mayor and now W.P.A. supervisor who, for years, has been in close touch with real estate matters.
  • J. R. Thorne - President of the New York State Realty Association and an authority on local real estate.

SECTION ONE: INTRO TO ACTIVITY

SECTION TWO: GATHERING, USING, AND INTERPRETING EVIDENCE

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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What is similar and different?

HAZARDOUS

BEST

2.Sherman Place/Columbus Park (note: in 1935 this was the only neighborhood in the Triple Cities that had any Black residents)

1.Westside

Two area descriptions on the redlining map

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Two area descriptions on the redlining map

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What is similar and different?

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

HAZARDOUS

BEST

4.Elm/Oak Streets

3.Jefferson Ave/Park Street

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Student Directions: Work in a group of four.

Each member takes a SUPERHERO social studies role. Think about and answer the questions for your role while you read the text. Then share with you found with your group

Superhero Roles

SECTION FOUR: SUPERHERO ROLES

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SECTION FOUR: SUPERHERO ROLES

Who is the author/creator?

What is the goal/purpose of the creator/author?

Is the document/artifact credible (reliable/believable)? Why or why not?

Do you think the author/creator had firsthand knowledge of the events/issues?

(Authenticator – Sourcer)

Your task is to determine whether or not the document/artifact is reliable (can you trust this?). In order to do this task, answer the following

Credible Hulk

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SECTION FOUR: SUPERHERO ROLES

(Impact Analyzer – Purpose Finder)

You task is to solve the mystery of the purpose of this document/artifact. In order to do this task, examine the document/artifact and read it through at least once.

Mister E

What type of document/artifact is it?

What is the goal/purpose of the creator/author?

What perspective is missing?

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SECTION FOUR: SUPERHERO ROLES

(Main Idea Master – Connector)

Your task is to determine the “gist” – the main idea(s) of the document/artifact. In order to do this task, read/analyze the document/artifact, and then write three key details.

The Connector

Then complete the following statement: “This says that...

What larger issue(s) does this connect with?

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SECTION FOUR: SUPERHERO ROLES

(Historian – Context Connector)

Your task is to determine the historical context for the document/ artifact. In order to do this

task, answer the following questions:

Captain Context

When was the artifact created/written?

Where was the artifact created/written?

What do you know about this time and place?

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About the source

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National Housing Act 1934

The U.S. Government passed the National Housing Act of 1934. This created a color coded map of Syracuse to make sure that neighborhoods would be occupied by people of the same ‘social and racial’ groups.

Some groups of people (non whites) were forced to live in the red shaded areas. Others (whites) were given money from the government to live in the green areas and suburbs.

SECTION THREE: COMPARE & CONTRAST

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Questions

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What role did the Government play in segregating our community?

Academic Circle:

Circle Agreements: What do you need to �feel supported and challenged?

  • Respect the talking peace
  • Speak your truth
  • Listen to understand
  • No side conversations
  • Avoid stereotypes

SECTION FIVE: QUESTIONS

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WESTSIDE (WEST MIDDLE SCHOOL)

1930s

Today

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SHERMAN PLACE/COLUMBUS PARK

1930s

Today

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Next we’re going to learn about Mrs. Beccye Fawcett from Binghamton and other people in Upstate NY who experienced housing discrimination, got angry, and decided to get involved in fighting against redlining.

Looking Ahead:

OPTIMISTIC CLOSURE

SEL: Optimistic Closure

Blue

Zone

1 finger

Green

Zone

2 fingers

Yellow

Zone

3 fingers

Red

Zone

4 fingers

Bored

Happy

Excited

Upset

Tired

Positive

Worried

Angry

Sad

Thankful

Nervous

Aggressive

Depressed

Proud

Confused

Mad

Shy

Calm

Embarrassed

Terrified