Welcome to AWS Certification Bootcamp (CLF-C02)

Introductions�

Instructor: Tamara Haskins

• AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner
• Azure Certified Fundamentals
• Azure Certified AI Engineer - Associate
• 17 Years L&D
• 15 Years Technical Instructor – Cloud Computing and other Technologies
• 10 Years Solution Architect – Cloud, IoT, Big Data, Compute, Storage, etc.
• Bachelors – Telecommunications Management
• Masters – Information Technology – Network Architecture

Exam Information

Response types

There are two types of questions on the exam:

1. Multiple choice: Has one correct response and three incorrect responses (distractors)
2. Multiple response: Has two or more correct responses out of five or more response options

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The exam includes 50 questions that will affect your score.

Unscored content

• The exam includes 15 unscored questions that do not affect your score. These unscored questions are not identified on the exam.

Passing Score

700 out of 1000 is the passing score

Test Taking Tips

• Process of elimination
• It’s ok to guess
• Read question thoroughly
• Don’t answer too quickly
• Be cognitive of time
• If you haven’t seen a concept before don’t select it

Bootcamp Scope

To stay within tight timeline, exam concepts and context will only be covered.

Materials/ Content

• PPT can’t be shared with students
• Copying and using selected parts of copyrighted works for specific educational purposes, qualifies as fair use.

Sample Question

What is one advantage of moving an infrastructure from an on-premises data center to AWS Cloud?

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1. A business can eliminate IT bills
2. A business can put a server in each customer's data center
3. A business can focus on business activities
4. A business can leave servers unpatched

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Module 1�AWS Cloud & Value Proposition��

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• Define the benefits of the AWS cloud
• Identify design principles of the AWS Cloud
• Understand the benefits of and strategies for migration to the AWS Cloud
• Understand concepts of cloud economics

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Define the benefits of the AWS cloud

What is cloud computing?

AWS Definition

• Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Similar to utility bills.

Three Deployment Models

1. Public (aka = Cloud based) – Run, migrate or build new applications in the cloud, access via Internet.
2. Private (aka = On-prem) – Applications/resources are deployed in the company’s data center using virtualization & resource management tools. Access data via standard browser (internal only)
3. Hybrid – Connect cloud-based resources with on-prem or integrate legacy IT applications/resources with cloud-based resources.

Cloud computing “as a service”

AWS Value Proposition

• Economies of scale – cost can be spread over a large number of customers. Infrastructure becomes cheaper for lower cost for customers.
• Benefits of global infrastructure – faster deployment, multiple availability zones and global reach.
• Understanding the advantages of high availability, elasticity, and agility
• Scalability is about handling growth
• Elasticity is about handling changes in demand
• Agility is about being able to respond quickly and efficiently to changing circumstances (i.e. deploy new apps quickly)

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Benefits of AWS cloud

• No upfront hardware cost
• Less money spent on managing your own infrastructure & servers
• No guessing on how much server capacity is needed for applications
• Benefit from massive economies of scale
• Increase speed and agility – faster development & deployments of applications
• Ease and speed of going global

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AWS concepts & benefits

• Security - Infrastructure Security. Inventory and Configuration Management. Data Encryption. Identity and Access Control. Monitoring and Logging. Security Products in AWS Marketplace.
• Reliability - the system will meet defined performance standards in performing its intended function.
• High Availability – system will maintain uptime, even in a degraded state
• Elasticity – the system can shrink, grow and go back automatically to fit the applications/users requirements.
• Agility – system ability grow quickly when application behaviors change.
• Pay-as-you go pricing – pay for services that are only being used.
• Scalability – the system monitors & automatically updates capacity, predicts performance at lowest cost.
• Global Reach – AWS have availability zones around the world.
• Economy of scale – Since there are many cloud customers, the pay as you go costs are priced lower.

Identify design principles of the AWS Cloud

Well Architected Framework

The AWS Well-Architected Framework describes key concepts, design principles, and architectural best practices for designing and running workloads in the cloud. It provides a way for you to consistently measure your architecture against best practices and design principles and identify areas for improvement. 6 Pillars are:

Well Architected Framework - Pillars

Operational Excellence

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Design Principles

1. Perform operations as code
2. Make frequent, small, reversible changes
3. Refine operations procedures frequently
4. Anticipate failure
5. Learn from all operational failures

Best Practices:

• Understand business & customer needs so they can support business outcomes.
• Ops creates & uses procedures to respond to operational events & validates effectiveness.
• Ops collects metrics that are used to measure the business outcomes

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Security

Design Principles

1. Implement a strong identity foundation
2. Enable traceability
3. Apply security at all layers
4. Automate security best practices
5. Protect data in transit and at rest
6. Keep people away from data
7. Prepare for security events

Best Practices:

• Identify security incidents, protect your systems and services & maintain the confidentiality and integrity of data
• Have a well-defined & practiced process for responding to security incidents. The AWS Shared Responsibility Model enables security & compliance goals

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Reliability

Design Principles

1. Automatically recover from failure
2. Test recovery procedures
3. Scale horizontally to increase aggregate workload availability
4. Stop guessing capacity
5. Manage change in automation

Best Practices:

• A reliable workload starts with upfront design decisions for both software and infrastructure. Design reliability for loosely coupled dependencies, graceful degradation, and limiting retries.
• Design workloads for spikes in demand
• Design fault isolation, automated failover to healthy resources & disaster recovery strategy

Well Architected Framework - Pillars

Performance Efficiency

Design Principles

1. Democratize advanced technologies
2. Go global in minutes
3. Use serverless architectures
4. Experiment more often
5. Consider mechanical sympathy

Best Practices:

• Take a data-driven approach to building a high-performance architecture.
• Gather data on all aspects of the architecture, from the high-level design to the selection
• Reviewing your choices on a regular basis ensures you are taking advantage of the continually evolving AWS Cloud.

Cost Optimization

Design Principles

1. Implement cloud financial management
2. Adopt a consumption model
3. Measure overall efficiency
4. Stop spending money on undifferentiated heavy lifting
5. Analyze and attribute expenditure

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Best Practices:

• Do you want to optimize for speed to market or for cost? In some cases, it’s best to optimize for speed—going to market quickly, shipping new features, or simply meeting a deadline—rather than investing in up-front cost optimization.

Sustainability

Design Principles

1. Understand your impact
2. Establish sustainability goals
3. Maximize utilization
4. Anticipate and adopt new, more efficient hardware and software offerings
5. Use managed services
6. Reduce the downstream impact of your cloud workloads

Best Practices:

• Choose regions for workloads based on your business requirements
• Understand the performance of your workload components
• Analyze data and hardware patterns.

Understand the benefits of and strategies for migration to the�AWS Cloud

What is Cloud Adoption Framework?

• The AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) leverages AWS experience and best practices to help you digitally transform and accelerate business outcomes through innovative use of AWS.
• AWS CAF identifies specific organizational capabilities that underpin successful cloud transformations.
• These capabilities provide best practice guidance that helps improve cloud readiness.
• AWS CAF groups its capabilities in six perspectives: Business, People, Governance, Platform, Security, and Operations.
• Each perspective comprises a set of capabilities that functionally related stakeholders own or manage in the cloud transformation journey.
• Use the AWS CAF to identify and prioritize transformation opportunities, evaluate and improve cloud readiness, and iteratively evolve transformation roadmap.

AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (CAF)

1. Business

Helps ensure that your cloud investments accelerate your digital transformation ambitions and business outcomes. Common stakeholders include chief executive officer (CEO), chief financial officer (CFO), chief operations officer (COO), chief information officer (CIO), and chief technology officer (CTO).

(2) People

Bridge between technology and business, accelerating the cloud journey to help organizations more rapidly evolve to a culture of continuous growth, learning, and where change becomes business-as-normal, with focus on culture, organizational structure, leadership, and workforce. Common stakeholders include CIO, COO, CTO, cloud director, and cross-functional and enterprise-wide leaders.

(3) Governance

Helps you orchestrate your cloud initiatives while maximizing organizational benefits and minimizing transformation-related risks. Common stakeholders include chief transformation officer, CIO, CTO, CFO, chief data officer (CDO), and chief risk officer (CRO).

AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (CAF)

Platform

The Platform perspective helps you build an enterprise-grade, scalable, hybrid cloud platform, modernize existing workloads, and implement new cloud-native solutions. Common stakeholders include CTO, technology leaders, architects, and engineers.

Security

The Security perspective helps you achieve the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of your data and cloud workloads. Common stakeholders include chief information security officer (CISO), chief compliance officer (CCO), internal audit leaders, and security architects and engineers.

Operations

The Operations perspective helps ensure that your cloud services are delivered at a level that meets the needs of your business. Common stakeholders include infrastructure and operations leaders, site reliability engineers, and information technology service managers.

Benefits of CAF

• Reduced business risk
• improved reliability, increased performance, and enhanced security
• Improved environmental, social, and governance (ESG)
• Leverage insights to improve sustainability and corporate transparency.
• Grow Revenue
• Create new products and services, reach new customers, and enter new market segments.
• Increased operational efficiency
• Reduce operating costs, increase productivity, and improve employee and customer experience.

Break (15 minutes)

Identify aspects of AWS Cloud economics

AWS business value

Cost Savings

When it comes to a traditional data center, capacity planning is typically a major challenge. With AWS you able to track and manage cloud costs by tagging resources and using AWS tools such as AWS Cost Explorer and AWS Trusted Advisor.

Staff Productivity

In the data center world, employees spend a lot of time doing work that doesn’t differentiate the business. With Aws organizations can move away from the day-to-day operational headaches associated with managing IT infrastructure.

Operational Resilience

Unplanned outages due to security breaches, hardware failures, software glitches, or human error can be very expensive. AWS provides a highly resilient infrastructure to protect against hardware failures, natural disasters, and power outages.

Business Agility

If a team wants to develop a new application or service, it needs to provision resources to do so. With AWS developers can instantly provision resources & begin writing code. They don’t have to wait to get the budget to deploy a full infrastructure stack.

AWS TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)

The main benefits of IT OpEx are cost-savings for your business and the ability to quickly change directions to meet market demands. Replaces higher capital expenses with lower variable costs.

AWS pricing calculator/TCO tool

With AWS Pricing Calculator, you can do the following tasks:

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• View transparent prices – You can view price estimates by service or by groups of services to analyze your architecture costs.

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• Use groups for hierarchical estimates – Sort your estimates into groups to align with your architecture for clear service cost analysis.

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• Share your estimates – Save the link to each estimate to share or revisit later.

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• Export your estimates – Export your estimates in CSV or PDF format to share locally with your stakeholders.

AWS migration evaluator

Migration Evaluator

• Service analyzes an enterprise’s compute footprint, including server configuration, utilization, annual costs to operate.

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• It then statistically models utilization patterns, matching each workload with optimized placements in EC2 and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS).

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• Finally, it outputs a business case with a comparison of the current-state against multiple.

Software license impact when moving to cloud

• Initial license cost may be high (BYOL) IaaS environment
• OS, Apps
• Cost will decrease over time
• Cloud license management platform
• Pay as you go, subscription model

• Cloud models may reduce the number of servers needed
• Reduce license costs
• SaaS models
• Economies of scales
• Reduced license cost per user

Right Sizing Infrastructure

• Aligning instance types and sizes for (performance & capacity) at lowest cost.
• Monitoring deployed instances and looking for ways to remove or downsize capacity without compromising other requirements to reduce cost.

Cost Reduction

• Watch Video

AWS Automation Benefits

• Rapid changes
• Improved productivity
• Repeatable configurations
• Reproducible environments
• Leveraged elasticity
• Leveraged automatic scaling
• Automated testing

 DevOps is automation

you can set up environments more rapidly

 Repeatable Process

CloudFormation. If you’re automating your workload deployments, CloudFormation, help with steps to save time during and after initial development. It allows you model and provision all the resources needed for your applications across multiple Regions and accounts in an automated and secure manner using templates.

Cost Reduction

Cost Reduction

Why automation in the cloud

What is a Cloud Automation Framework?

Cloud automation is a broad term that can refer to any piece of software that reduces manual infrastructure engineering effort and simplifies cloud operations. It’s the code that controls infrastructure.

Infrastructure automation: Infrastructure is structured and built into templates, where it can be versioned and easily replicated for future environments. 

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Deployment automation: Code deployment processes are integrated with cloud-native tools, improving deployment velocity and reducing manual effort (and error). 

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Self-healing/auto-correcting/self-monitoring: Configuration management scripts and monitoring tools catch anomalies and proactively correct failed/misconfigured resources. 

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3 Components for robust infrastructure automation

Cost Reduction

Reduce compliance burdens

PCI-DSS compliance requirements, anything credit cardholder data touches becomes in-scope for the audit and is then subject to the scrutiny of the auditor.

How to reduce compliance scope (2 strategies)

Segmentation of cardholder data

This helps quarantine parts of the environment so the whole network is not subject to evaluation.

Transfer of responsibilities to a third party

Transferring responsibilities to a third party can reduce workload and systems/equipment acquisition and enable faster time to compliance.

AWS holds service-provider level PCI compliance, and many AWS services are already PCI compliant, simply moving the workloads to the cloud would transfer many PCI compliance tasks to AWS.

Cost Reduction

AWS managed services

What is AWS managed service?

AWS Managed Services (AMS) provides proactive, preventative, and detective capabilities on behalf of your company to reduce risk. This type of service extends the staff and allows organizations to focus on innovation.

5 Benefits of using AMS

Cost Reduction

Security – preventive and detective controls, continuous risk mitigation techniques.

Availability – incident management, proactive alarms, high available infrastructure.

Efficiency – automation to reduce human errors, continuous improvement.

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Resiliency – infrastructure evolve to meet changing demands, changing security demands.

Compliance – meet compliance needs, certification, preauthorized infrastructure and workloads.

AWS managed services continues

Some of the AWS services offered

Cost Reduction

RDS (Relational Databases) – automatically manage DB tasks, backup, configuration and patches.

ECS – (Elastic Container Service) – manages, deploy and configure containers for developers.

EKS – (Elastic Kubernetes Service) automatically manages the K8S control plane nodes.

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DynamoDB – manages NoSQL database services for predictable performance.

Benefits

reduces downtime, lower cost, higher productivity, better security, experts configuring & monitoring infrastructure, less time needed to manage infrastructure and lifecycle management tasks.

Module 1�Game Summary���1 point for each correct answer�2 points for each stolen correct answer��

Sample Question 1

Which statements explain the business value of migrating to the AWS Cloud? (Choose Two)

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1. The migration of enterprise apps makes apps automatically available on mobile devices.
2. AWS availability & security provide improved SLAs, reduces risk and planned downtime.
3. The migrating to AWS cloud eliminate the need to plan for high availability and disaster recovery.
4. Migrating to the AWS cloud reduce IT costs related to infrastructure, freeing budget for reinvestment in other areas.
5. Apps are modernized because migration to the AWS cloud requires companies to rearchitect their environment.

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Sample Question 2

You are asked to architect a cloud solution, which would be considered an important design principle?

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1. Architect using a very large EC2 instance
2. Architect capacity for peak load
3. Architect using the managed services & support process
4. Architect for peak scalability

Sample Question 3

Which of the following is an example of how moving to the AWS Cloud reduces upfront cost?

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1. By replacing large variable costs with lower capital expenses
2. By replacing capital cost with lower variable costs
3. By allowing the provisioning of resources at a fixed level
4. By automating the scaling of VMs with a fixed-scale model

Sample Question 4

What are the benefits of having infrastructure hosted in AWS? (Choose TWO)

1. All physical security, data & network security are handled by AWS
2. Increasing speed and agility
3. Faster time to market
4. AWS handles all operating system functions in IaaS
5. Customer has control of their physical infrastructure

Sample Question 5

Which of the following describes the cloud design principle of scalability?

1. Grow resources instantly when host is at capacity
2. Segment physical resources into multiple virtual partitions
3. Route incoming traffic between multiple microservices automatically
4. Automatically increase available compute resources to meet growing user demand

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Sample Question 6

The principle “design for failure” is very important when designing your AWS Cloud architecture. Which of the following would align with this principle? (Choose TWO)

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1. Penetration testing
2. ​Multi-factor authentication
3. ​Elastic Load Balancing
4. ​Multiple Availability Zones
5. Multiple microservices

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Sample Question 7

You are the MySQL DB administrator. Your work is very time-consuming for patching, upgrades, etc. You recommend moving the database to AWS Cloud. Which of the following can help save time on database maintenance?

1. DynamoDB
2. CloudWatch
3. AWS RDS
4. Redshift

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Sample Question 8

Which of the following contribute the most to AWS ability to provide its cloud services at rates lower than on prem infrastructure? (Choose TWO)

1. Virtualization
2. Edge Computing
3. Enhanced Security
4. Automation
5. Distributed Architecture

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Sample Question 9

Which best describes Software as a Service (SaaS)?

1. A service that hides the infrastructure
2. Services that provide applications to end users through a public cloud
3. Services that give you control of the underlying infrastructure
4. Service that allow developers to run code on underlying infrastructure

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Sample Question 10

Your application recently has global growth for a marketing program. The international users are reporting slowness. What AWS characteristic that can help improve users’ experience?

1. Data durability
2. Elasticity
3. Auto scaling
4. High availability
5. Global reach

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Sample Question 11

Which AWS service estimates the cost of cloud vs. having an on-premise environment?

1. TCO calculator
2. Cloud Migration tool
3. Best Practices Framework Tool (BPFT)
4. All of the above

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Sample Question 12

Which statement best describes the concept of high availability?

1. Grow and shrink system
2. The system must be available when users are attempting to use it
3. Failover to a warm system
4. Automatically add more systems when one fails

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Sample Question 13

In terms of “scalability”, how would you define the concept?

1. The use of a load balancer to rotate the load
2. Grow and shrink automatically based on demand
3. The ability to grow resources based on demand
4. Automatically failover to another availability zone

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