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INVESTIGATIVE AUDIO WORKSHOP

October 6, 2018

Seoul

Citra Prastuti Sandra Bartlett

Jakarta Toronto

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Great radio

forces you to stay

and listen

to - the - whole - story

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Investigative stories on radio

  • Documents, data, studies

  • Interviews

  • Scenes and sounds, archival sound

  • The storytelling is the art of hiding it all

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Radio’s Advantage

It takes you somewhere

It engages your imagination

It touches you emotionally

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Radio is intimate

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How do you turn

your investigation

into great

radio?

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Planning

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How will you roll out the stories

Short news stories - 1 - 2 min

Longer news stories - 5 - 8 min

Documentaries - 15, 20, 60 min

Q&A - 5 min, 15 minutes

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Serialized in a News story

News stories have one simple focus -

something happened and here is

what we know about it so far

News stories are short and to

the point

News stories have one, two or

maybe three voices

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Documentaries

Documentaries can be 5 minutes

or 25 minutes or 60 minutes

You can have more than one idea

or focus in the story

You need to take people more

places and have more voices

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Q & A

You talk to the host of the program,

telling a story with or without tape

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Podcasting

two people talking

one person talking to different

people

going on a journey with the

reporter

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Your investigation

Documents

Data, studies

Interviews

Sounds from events

Archival sound

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Characters

People who have a strong story

People whose story helps you to

make an important point about

your investigation

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Characters

People who have been doing their

own research

People who have been fighting

against the problem

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Experts, Analysts

People with respect in their field

People who can explain technical

or complicated

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Locations

The place where it started

The place where it ended

The place where it is happening

The home, the office, the school

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Actions, Events

Is the playground right next to a

polluting company?

Does an event take place every

week or month where many people

gather?

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Actions, Events

Will there be a conference about

your issue?

When is the company’s annual

meeting?

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HOW TO GET AMAZING TAPE

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      • Keep your recorder on all the time

      • Say as little as possible

      • Have a conversation outside the interview

      • Interview in real time

 

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      • Ask about upcoming events

      • Ask what how their day usually happens

      • Ask them to take you to the place where something happened

      • Record everyday events

 

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Interviewing

    • Interviewing for the narrative - the details of the person’s story or experience

    • Interviewing for facts - how the regulations or the law work - what is supposed to happen - who is supposed to be checking or taking care of something

 

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Interviewing

    • Interviewing for cross checking - getting other versions of the story - double checking the facts

    • Interviewing for reaction to the facts you have gathered

    • Interviewing for accountability – presenting your evidence and asking tough questions

 

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Narratives�

    • Key characters – may have more to tell you than you realize

    • People remember more detail when asked to start at the beginning

    • Taking the person to the location or ask them to describe the location

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Accountability

    • Your research goal is to know as much or more than the subject

    • Work from the outside towards the center

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Accountability

    • Dealing with evasive answers – can’t or won’t answer

    • Don’t correct the liar

    • Do more than 1 interview

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Ask Open ended questions

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Top 10 Questions

What happened?

What do you mean?

Why is that? or Why?

What are the options

  @ John Sawatsky 

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Top 10 Questions

When did things change?

What did he/she say?

What is it like?

What went through your mind?

What's an example?

  @ John Sawatsky 

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More good questions

 

How? Why is that?

How do you feel?

And then what

happened?

How did it end?

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More good questions

 

What were people doing?

How do you deal with that?

What was the hardest part?

What's the evidence?

Why do you say that?

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How to get people to pay attention

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Radio: Plus and Minus

Print story: you stop, go back,

read again and then continue

Radio story: You have to

understand immediately because

the story teller keeps talking

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Radio: Plus and Minus

Print story: you can look at the

numbers on the page and think

about them before you move on

Radio story: you just have a second

to understand the significance or

importance of the number

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Radio: Plus and Minus

Print story: you can keep adding

to the story if you need to explain

something complicated or add

more information

Radio story: the time is limited

and when time runs out the story

has to be complete

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Writing the story

  • Create an outline for all the stories

  • Think about how to create surprise, tension

  • Take your listener some place
  • Character development

  • Leave something out

  • Use scenes and sounds for impact

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Short, sharp, creative

  • Declarative statements

  • Ask questions

  • Cheeky, ironic
  • Your research supports you - empowers your writing

  • But don’t show all your research – use it to tell a powerful story

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Tension – Surprise

  • Ending is known – ending is unknown

  • Hold onto information as you would a punch line

  • Without misleading, lead in one direction and end up somewhere else

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Writing to the Scene����

  • The phone call one day – prison interview the next

  • The phone call gave a natural seque in changing scenes

  • Enabled the reporter to move the story in several directions

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Taser use in Canada

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Story telling without tape

Sequence of events is crucial to

understanding the story

No one knows the whole story

Legal issues prevent people from

telling their story

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Sandra Bartlett

sandra.bartlett9@gmail.com

Citra Prastuti

citra68h@gmail.com